grok-4.3 · popcorn · pop_l123_default_gpt
correct 24_KimiDeltaAttentionChannelwise.py
model
grok-4.3
turns / max
6 / 12
tool calls
6
tokens (total)
34919
wall clock
1477.9s
truncated
no
backend
cuda fp32
variant
popcorn
runtime
1.90 μs
ref runtime
6.16 μs
speedup
3.24x
started
2026-05-11T10:47:18Z
timingkernelbench.timing
kernel runtime
1.90 μs
ref runtime
6.16 μs
speedup
3.24x
kernel mean / median / std
1.90 / — / 0.00 μs
ref mean / median / std
6.16 / — / 0.40 μs
numerical precisioneval_kernel_against_ref
max abs error
9.54e-06
mean abs error
4.36e-07
max rel error
0.03
mean rel error
9.20e-07
gpu memoryextended_metrics.measure_memory
kernel peak
33.47 MB
ref peak
33.63 MB
kernel / ref
1.00x
kernel launches / fusiontorch.profiler
kernel launches
4
ref launches
2823
fusion ratio (ref / kernel)
705.75x
total cuda time
174 μs
energyNVML (pynvml)
kernel mJ / run
232.70
ref mJ / run
697.98
ratio (ref / kernel)
3.00x
avg power
128.81 W
ref avg power
107.44 W
SOL (speed-of-light)nsight_hardware_counters
SOL score (0–1)
5.000e-04
dram util %
0.1%
compute util %
0.0%
bottleneck
unknown
dominant pipe
None
arithmetic intensity
—
ridge point
20.00
roofline / occupancynsight_hardware_counters
dram bandwidth
1.80 GB/s
dram util %
0.1%
fp32 tflops
—
fp32 util %
—
fp16 tflops
—
occupancy %
7.8%
bottleneck
unknown
dominant pipe %
—
arithmetic intensity
—
ridge point
20.00
L1 hit %
—
L2 hit %
193.7%
ld sectors / req
8.00
st sectors / req
—
regs / thread
48
smem / block
2048 B
block size
384
peak bw
3350.00 GB/s
peak fp32 tflops
67.00
peak fp16 tflops
1979.00
warp stalls (top 5)nsight
short_scoreboard
396.5%
long_scoreboard
87.7%
reference PyTorch source (the prompt the agent sees)
import torch
import torch.nn as nn


class Model(nn.Module):
    """
    Channel-wise gated delta attention recurrence.

    The recurrent state decays independently for each output channel, which
    makes the update closer to channel-gated delta attention variants used in
    fast long-context baselines.
    """

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

    def forward(
        self,
        q: torch.Tensor,
        k: torch.Tensor,
        v: torch.Tensor,
        gate: torch.Tensor,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        batch_size, seq_len, num_heads, head_dim = q.shape
        state = torch.zeros(batch_size, num_heads, head_dim, head_dim, dtype=q.dtype, device=q.device)
        outputs = []

        for t in range(seq_len):
            gate_t = gate[:, t].unsqueeze(-2)
            kv_outer = k[:, t].unsqueeze(-1) * v[:, t].unsqueeze(-2)
            state = gate_t * state + kv_outer
            y_t = (q[:, t].unsqueeze(-1) * state).sum(dim=-2)
            outputs.append(y_t)

        return torch.stack(outputs, dim=1)


batch_size = 2
seq_len = 128
num_heads = 4
head_dim = 24


def get_inputs():
    p = popcorn_pri
    q = torch.randn(p.jitter_int(batch_size), p.jitter_int(seq_len), p.jitter_int(num_heads), p.jitter_int(head_dim, align=8), dtype=torch.float32)
    k = torch.randn(p.jitter_int(batch_size), p.jitter_int(seq_len), p.jitter_int(num_heads), p.jitter_int(head_dim, align=8), dtype=torch.float32)
    v = torch.randn(p.jitter_int(batch_size), p.jitter_int(seq_len), p.jitter_int(num_heads), p.jitter_int(head_dim, align=8), dtype=torch.float32)
    gate = torch.sigmoid(torch.randn(p.jitter_int(batch_size), p.jitter_int(seq_len), p.jitter_int(num_heads), p.jitter_int(head_dim, align=8), dtype=torch.float32))
    return [q, k, v, gate]


def get_init_inputs():
    return []
turn 037.4s turn · 17.4s LLM · 20.0s tools · tokens in=1,619 · out=6 · total=2,620
reasoning
The task is to replace the forward computation of this PyTorch model with a custom CUDA kernel. The model is a channel-wise gated delta attention recurrence. I need to replace the forward computation of the PyTorch model with a custom CUDA kernel. The model computes a channel-wise gated delta attention recurrence. It loops over the sequence length, updating a state matrix for each time步, computing the output. The tensors are q, k, v, gate of shape [batch, seq_len, num_heads, head_dim], with batch=8, seq_len=128, heads=8, dim=24. State is initialized to zero, shape [batch, heads, dim, dim]. For each time t, gate_t is gate[:,t].
call → get_gpu_specs
callget_gpu_specs {}
result ← get_gpu_specs (ok)
okget_gpu_specs GPU specs for NVIDIA H100 80GB HBM3: total memory (runtime): 79.1 GB spec entry: H100 GPU Architecture: Hopper GPU Memory: 80GB Memory Bandwidth: 3.35 TB/s FP64 TFLOPS: 34 FP64 Tensor Core TFLOPS: 67 FP32 TFLOPS: 67 TF32 Tensor Core TFLOPS: 989 with sparsity BFLOAT16 Tensore Core TFLOPS: 1979 with sparsity FP16 Tensor Core TFLOPS: 1979 with sparsity FP8 Tensor Core TFLOPS: 3958 with sparsity INT8 Tensor Core TOPS: 3958 with sparsity Register File Size: 64K 32-bit registers per SM Maximum number of registers per thread: 255 Maximum number of thread blocks per SM: 32 Shared memory capacity per SM: 228 KB Maximum shared memory per thread block: 227 KB
turn 1333.0s turn · 22.0s LLM · 311.0s tools · tokens in=2,853 · out=1,257 · total=4,310
reasoning
H100, high bandwidth, good for this.
call → compile_kernel
callcompile_kernel { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = '''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__global__ void gated_delta_attn_kernel(\n const float* __restrict__ q,\n const float* __restrict__ k,\n const float* __restrict__ v,\n const float* __restrict__ gate,\n float* __restrict__ output,\n int batch_size,\n int seq_len,\n int num_heads,\n int head_dim\n) {\n int bh = blockIdx.x;\n int b = bh / num_heads;\n int h = bh % num_heads;\n \n if (b >= batch_size) return;\n \n extern __shared__ float state[];\n \n // Initialize state to 0\n for (int i = threadIdx.x; i < head_dim * head_dim; i += blockDim.x) {\n state[i] = 0.0f;\n }\n __syncthreads();\n \n const int stride_bh = num_heads * head_dim;\n const int stride_h = head_dim;\n \n for (int t = 0; t < seq_len; t++) {\n // Load gate_t: shape [b, t, h, d] -> gate[b*seq*num_heads*dim + t*stride_bh + h*stride_h + d]\n // gate layout: [batch, seq, heads, dim]\n float gate_t[32]; // assume dim <=32\n for (int d = threadIdx.x; d < head_dim; d += blockDim.x) {\n gate_t[d] = gate[b * seq_len * num_heads * head_dim + t * num_heads * head_dim + h * head_dim + d];\n }\n \n // kv_outer: k[b,t,h,:] outer v[b,t,h,:]\n float k_t[32], v_t[32];\n for (int d = threadIdx.x; d < head_dim; d += blockDim.x) {\n int idx = b * seq_len * num_heads * head_dim + t * num_heads * head_dim + h * head_dim + d;\n k_t[d] = k[idx];\n v_t[d] = v[idx];\n }\n \n // Update state: state = gate_t * state + k outer v\n // state is row-major [dim, dim], state[l][m] += ...\n for (int l = 0; l < head_dim; l++) {\n for (int m = threadIdx.x; m < head_dim; m += blockDim.x) {\n float gt = gate_t[l]; // wait, from earlier analysis, actually gate scales columns? let's fix\n // From analysis: state_new[l][m] = gate[m] * state[l][m] + k[l]*v[m]\n float kv = k_t[l] * v_t[m];\n int sidx = l * head_dim + m;\n state[sidx] = gt * state[sidx] + kv; // but gt needs gate[m]\n }\n }\n __syncthreads();\n \n // Compute y_t = q @ state , y[m] = sum_l q[l] * state[l][m]\n float q_t[32];\n for (int d = threadIdx.x; d < head_dim; d += blockDim.x) {\n int idx = b * seq_len * num_heads * head_dim + t * num_heads * head_dim + h * head_dim + d;\n q_t[d] = q[idx];\n }\n \n for (int m = threadIdx.x; m < head_dim; m += blockDim.x) {\n float sum = 0.0f;\n for (int l = 0; l < head_dim; l++) {\n sum += q_t[l] * state[l * head_dim + m];\n }\n // output [b, t, h, m]\n int out_idx = b * seq_len * num_heads * head_dim + t * num_heads * head_dim + h * head_dim + m;\n output[out_idx] = sum;\n }\n __syncthreads();\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor gated_delta_attention_cuda(\n torch::Tensor q,\n torch::Tensor k,\n torch::Tensor v,\n torch::Tensor gate\n) {\n auto batch_size = q.size(0);\n auto seq_len = q.size(1);\n auto num_heads = q.size(2);\n auto head_dim = q.size(3);\n \n auto output = torch::zeros({batch_size, seq_len, num_heads, head_dim}, q.options());\n \n int num_bh = batch_size * num_heads;\n dim3 blocks(num_bh);\n dim3 threads(256); // or head_dim*head_dim etc\n int shared_mem = head_dim * head_dim * sizeof(float);\n \n gated_delta_attn_kernel<<<blocks, threads, shared_mem>>>(\n q.data_ptr<float>(),\n k.data_ptr<float>(),\n v.data_ptr<float>(),\n gate.data_ptr<float>(),\n output.data_ptr<float>(),\n batch_size,\n seq_len,\n num_heads,\n head_dim\n );\n \n return output;\n}\n'''\n\ncpp_source = '''\ntorch::Tensor gated_delta_attention_cuda(torch::Tensor q, torch::Tensor k, torch::Tensor v, torch::Tensor gate);\n'''\n\nmodule = load_inline(\n name='gated_delta_attn',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['gated_delta_attention_cuda'],\n verbose=True,\n extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3']\n)\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n self.module = module\n\n def forward(self, q, k, v, gate):\n return self.module.gated_delta_attention_cuda(q, k, v, gate)\n" }
result ← compile_kernel (ok)
okcompile_kernel compile_kernel PASSED: kernel compiled without errors.
turn 2204.5s turn · 12.6s LLM · 191.9s tools · tokens in=4,327 · out=1,064 · total=5,398
reasoning
Compiled ok, now check correctness.
call → run_correctness
callrun_correctness { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = '''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__global__ void gated_delta_attn_kernel(\n const float* __restrict__ q,\n const float* __restrict__ k,\n const float* __restrict__ v,\n const float* __restrict__ gate,\n float* __restrict__ output,\n int batch_size,\n int seq_len,\n int num_heads,\n int head_dim\n) {\n int bh = blockIdx.x;\n int b = bh / num_heads;\n int h = bh % num_heads;\n \n if (b >= batch_size) return;\n \n extern __shared__ float state[];\n \n // Initialize state to 0\n for (int i = threadIdx.x; i < head_dim * head_dim; i += blockDim.x) {\n state[i] = 0.0f;\n }\n __syncthreads();\n \n for (int t = 0; t < seq_len; t++) {\n float gate_t[32];\n float k_t[32], v_t[32];\n for (int d = threadIdx.x; d < head_dim; d += blockDim.x) {\n int idx = ((b * seq_len + t) * num_heads + h) * head_dim + d;\n gate_t[d] = gate[idx];\n k_t[d] = k[idx];\n v_t[d] = v[idx];\n }\n \n // Update state: state[l][m] = gate[m] * state[l][m] + k[l] * v[m]\n for (int l = 0; l < head_dim; l++) {\n float gt = 0.0f;\n if (threadIdx.x == 0) gt = gate_t[l]; // wrong, gate is per m\n __syncthreads(); // bad\n for (int m = threadIdx.x; m < head_dim; m += blockDim.x) {\n float kv = k_t[l] * v_t[m];\n int sidx = l * head_dim + m;\n // gate scales m, the column\n state[sidx] = gate_t[m] * state[sidx] + kv;\n }\n }\n __syncthreads();\n \n // y[m] = sum_l q[l] * state[l][m]\n float q_t[32];\n for (int d = threadIdx.x; d < head_dim; d += blockDim.x) {\n int idx = ((b * seq_len + t) * num_heads + h) * head_dim + d;\n q_t[d] = q[idx];\n }\n \n for (int m = threadIdx.x; m < head_dim; m += blockDim.x) {\n float sum = 0.0f;\n for (int l = 0; l < head_dim; l++) {\n sum += q_t[l] * state[l * head_dim + m];\n }\n int out_idx = ((b * seq_len + t) * num_heads + h) * head_dim + m;\n output[out_idx] = sum;\n }\n __syncthreads();\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor gated_delta_attention_cuda(\n torch::Tensor q,\n torch::Tensor k,\n torch::Tensor v,\n torch::Tensor gate\n) {\n auto batch_size = q.size(0);\n auto seq_len = q.size(1);\n auto num_heads = q.size(2);\n auto head_dim = q.size(3);\n \n auto output = torch::zeros({batch_size, seq_len, num_heads, head_dim}, q.options());\n \n int num_bh = batch_size * num_heads;\n dim3 blocks(num_bh);\n dim3 threads(32);\n int shared_mem = head_dim * head_dim * sizeof(float) + 32 * sizeof(float); // extra if needed\n \n gated_delta_attn_kernel<<<blocks, threads, shared_mem>>>(\n q.data_ptr<float>(),\n k.data_ptr<float>(),\n v.data_ptr<float>(),\n gate.data_ptr<float>(),\n output.data_ptr<float>(),\n batch_size,\n seq_len,\n num_heads,\n head_dim\n );\n \n return output;\n}\n'''\n\ncpp_source = '''\ntorch::Tensor gated_delta_attention_cuda(torch::Tensor q, torch::Tensor k, torch::Tensor v, torch::Tensor gate);\n'''\n\nmodule = load_inline(\n name='gated_delta_attn',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['gated_delta_attention_cuda'],\n verbose=False,\n extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3']\n)\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n self.module = module\n\n def forward(self, q, k, v, gate):\n return self.module.gated_delta_attention_cuda(q, k, v, gate)\n" }
result ← run_correctness (fail)
failrun_correctness run_correctness FAILED: (0 / 5) trials did not all match. correctness_issue: Output mismatch max_difference: ['57.746281', '48.178261', '59.029785', '41.462166', '49.674980'] avg_difference: ['3.939785', '3.946511', '3.759516', '3.853397', '3.921714']
turn 3331.9s turn · 16.6s LLM · 315.2s tools · tokens in=5,495 · out=891 · total=6,600
reasoning
Bug in the kernel, gate indexing wrong? In update, I have gate_t[m], yes.
call → compile_kernel
callcompile_kernel { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = '''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__global__ void gated_delta_attn_kernel(\n const float* __restrict__ q,\n const float* __restrict__ k,\n const float* __restrict__ v,\n const float* __restrict__ gate,\n float* __restrict__ output,\n int batch_size,\n int seq_len,\n int num_heads,\n int head_dim\n) {\n int bh = blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n int total_bh = batch_size * num_heads;\n if (bh >= total_bh) return;\n int b = bh / num_heads;\n int h = bh % num_heads;\n \n float state[32*32];\n for (int i = 0; i < head_dim * head_dim; i++) state[i] = 0.0f;\n \n int base = b * seq_len * num_heads * head_dim + h * head_dim;\n int stride_t = num_heads * head_dim;\n \n for (int t = 0; t < seq_len; t++) {\n float gate_t[32];\n float k_t[32], v_t[32], q_t[32];\n int t_offset = base + t * stride_t;\n for (int d = 0; d < head_dim; d++) {\n gate_t[d] = gate[t_offset + d];\n k_t[d] = k[t_offset + d];\n v_t[d] = v[t_offset + d];\n q_t[d] = q[t_offset + d];\n }\n \n // update state[l,m] = gate[m] * state[l,m] + k[l]*v[m]\n for (int l = 0; l < head_dim; l++) {\n for (int m = 0; m < head_dim; m++) {\n float kv = k_t[l] * v_t[m];\n int sidx = l * head_dim + m;\n state[sidx] = gate_t[m] * state[sidx] + kv;\n }\n }\n \n // y[m] = sum_l q[l] * state[l,m]\n for (int m = 0; m < head_dim; m++) {\n float sum = 0.0f;\n for (int l = 0; l < head_dim; l++) {\n sum += q_t[l] * state[l * head_dim + m];\n }\n output[t_offset + m] = sum;\n }\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor gated_delta_attention_cuda(\n torch::Tensor q,\n torch::Tensor k,\n torch::Tensor v,\n torch::Tensor gate\n) {\n auto batch_size = q.size(0);\n auto seq_len = q.size(1);\n auto num_heads = q.size(2);\n auto head_dim = q.size(3);\n \n auto output = torch::zeros({batch_size, seq_len, num_heads, head_dim}, q.options());\n \n int total_bh = batch_size * num_heads;\n gated_delta_attn_kernel<<<(total_bh + 255)/256, 256>>>(\n q.data_ptr<float>(),\n k.data_ptr<float>(),\n v.data_ptr<float>(),\n gate.data_ptr<float>(),\n output.data_ptr<float>(),\n batch_size,\n seq_len,\n num_heads,\n head_dim\n );\n \n return output;\n}\n'''\n\ncpp_source = '''\ntorch::Tensor gated_delta_attention_cuda(torch::Tensor q, torch::Tensor k, torch::Tensor v, torch::Tensor gate);\n'''\n\nmodule = load_inline(\n name='gated_delta_attn',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['gated_delta_attention_cuda'],\n verbose=False,\n extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3']\n)\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n self.module = module\n\n def forward(self, q, k, v, gate):\n return self.module.gated_delta_attention_cuda(q, k, v, gate)\n" }
result ← compile_kernel (ok)
okcompile_kernel compile_kernel PASSED: kernel compiled without errors.
turn 4244.7s turn · 9.2s LLM · 235.5s tools · tokens in=6,617 · out=892 · total=7,513
reasoning
Now test correctness.
call → run_correctness
callrun_correctness { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = '''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__global__ void gated_delta_attn_kernel(\n const float* __restrict__ q,\n const float* __restrict__ k,\n const float* __restrict__ v,\n const float* __restrict__ gate,\n float* __restrict__ output,\n int batch_size,\n int seq_len,\n int num_heads,\n int head_dim\n) {\n int bh = blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n int total_bh = batch_size * num_heads;\n if (bh >= total_bh) return;\n int b = bh / num_heads;\n int h = bh % num_heads;\n \n float state[32*32];\n for (int i = 0; i < head_dim * head_dim; i++) state[i] = 0.0f;\n \n int base = b * seq_len * num_heads * head_dim + h * head_dim;\n int stride_t = num_heads * head_dim;\n \n for (int t = 0; t < seq_len; t++) {\n float gate_t[32];\n float k_t[32], v_t[32], q_t[32];\n int t_offset = base + t * stride_t;\n for (int d = 0; d < head_dim; d++) {\n gate_t[d] = gate[t_offset + d];\n k_t[d] = k[t_offset + d];\n v_t[d] = v[t_offset + d];\n q_t[d] = q[t_offset + d];\n }\n \n // update state[l,m] = gate[m] * state[l,m] + k[l]*v[m]\n for (int l = 0; l < head_dim; l++) {\n for (int m = 0; m < head_dim; m++) {\n float kv = k_t[l] * v_t[m];\n int sidx = l * head_dim + m;\n state[sidx] = gate_t[m] * state[sidx] + kv;\n }\n }\n \n // y[m] = sum_l q[l] * state[l,m]\n for (int m = 0; m < head_dim; m++) {\n float sum = 0.0f;\n for (int l = 0; l < head_dim; l++) {\n sum += q_t[l] * state[l * head_dim + m];\n }\n output[t_offset + m] = sum;\n }\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor gated_delta_attention_cuda(\n torch::Tensor q,\n torch::Tensor k,\n torch::Tensor v,\n torch::Tensor gate\n) {\n auto batch_size = q.size(0);\n auto seq_len = q.size(1);\n auto num_heads = q.size(2);\n auto head_dim = q.size(3);\n \n auto output = torch::zeros({batch_size, seq_len, num_heads, head_dim}, q.options());\n \n int total_bh = batch_size * num_heads;\n gated_delta_attn_kernel<<<(total_bh + 255)/256, 256>>>(\n q.data_ptr<float>(),\n k.data_ptr<float>(),\n v.data_ptr<float>(),\n gate.data_ptr<float>(),\n output.data_ptr<float>(),\n batch_size,\n seq_len,\n num_heads,\n head_dim\n );\n \n return output;\n}\n'''\n\ncpp_source = '''\ntorch::Tensor gated_delta_attention_cuda(torch::Tensor q, torch::Tensor k, torch::Tensor v, torch::Tensor gate);\n'''\n\nmodule = load_inline(\n name='gated_delta_attn',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['gated_delta_attention_cuda'],\n verbose=False,\n extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3']\n)\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n self.module = module\n\n def forward(self, q, k, v, gate):\n return self.module.gated_delta_attention_cuda(q, k, v, gate)\n" }
result ← run_correctness (ok)
okrun_correctness run_correctness PASSED: (5 / 5) trials all matched the reference. Numerical precision: max_abs_err=9.54e-06 mean_abs_err=4.36e-07 max_rel_err=2.56e-02
turn 5326.4s turn · 8.4s LLM · 318.0s tools · tokens in=7,573 · out=891 · total=8,478 · FINAL
reasoning
Correct! Now submit, since it should be faster than python loop.
call → submit_kernel
callsubmit_kernel { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = '''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__global__ void gated_delta_attn_kernel(\n const float* __restrict__ q,\n const float* __restrict__ k,\n const float* __restrict__ v,\n const float* __restrict__ gate,\n float* __restrict__ output,\n int batch_size,\n int seq_len,\n int num_heads,\n int head_dim\n) {\n int bh = blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n int total_bh = batch_size * num_heads;\n if (bh >= total_bh) return;\n int b = bh / num_heads;\n int h = bh % num_heads;\n \n float state[32*32];\n for (int i = 0; i < head_dim * head_dim; i++) state[i] = 0.0f;\n \n int base = b * seq_len * num_heads * head_dim + h * head_dim;\n int stride_t = num_heads * head_dim;\n \n for (int t = 0; t < seq_len; t++) {\n float gate_t[32];\n float k_t[32], v_t[32], q_t[32];\n int t_offset = base + t * stride_t;\n for (int d = 0; d < head_dim; d++) {\n gate_t[d] = gate[t_offset + d];\n k_t[d] = k[t_offset + d];\n v_t[d] = v[t_offset + d];\n q_t[d] = q[t_offset + d];\n }\n \n // update state[l,m] = gate[m] * state[l,m] + k[l]*v[m]\n for (int l = 0; l < head_dim; l++) {\n for (int m = 0; m < head_dim; m++) {\n float kv = k_t[l] * v_t[m];\n int sidx = l * head_dim + m;\n state[sidx] = gate_t[m] * state[sidx] + kv;\n }\n }\n \n // y[m] = sum_l q[l] * state[l,m]\n for (int m = 0; m < head_dim; m++) {\n float sum = 0.0f;\n for (int l = 0; l < head_dim; l++) {\n sum += q_t[l] * state[l * head_dim + m];\n }\n output[t_offset + m] = sum;\n }\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor gated_delta_attention_cuda(\n torch::Tensor q,\n torch::Tensor k,\n torch::Tensor v,\n torch::Tensor gate\n) {\n auto batch_size = q.size(0);\n auto seq_len = q.size(1);\n auto num_heads = q.size(2);\n auto head_dim = q.size(3);\n \n auto output = torch::zeros({batch_size, seq_len, num_heads, head_dim}, q.options());\n \n int total_bh = batch_size * num_heads;\n gated_delta_attn_kernel<<<(total_bh + 255)/256, 256>>>(\n q.data_ptr<float>(),\n k.data_ptr<float>(),\n v.data_ptr<float>(),\n gate.data_ptr<float>(),\n output.data_ptr<float>(),\n batch_size,\n seq_len,\n num_heads,\n head_dim\n );\n \n return output;\n}\n'''\n\ncpp_source = '''\ntorch::Tensor gated_delta_attention_cuda(torch::Tensor q, torch::Tensor k, torch::Tensor v, torch::Tensor gate);\n'''\n\nmodule = load_inline(\n name='gated_delta_attn',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['gated_delta_attention_cuda'],\n verbose=False,\n extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3']\n)\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n self.module = module\n\n def forward(self, q, k, v, gate):\n return self.module.gated_delta_attention_cuda(q, k, v, gate)\n" }
result ← submit_kernel (ok)
oksubmit_kernel submit_kernel PASSED: (5 / 5) correctness trials all passed. Kernel runtime: 1.90 μs Runtime stats: mean=1.90μs median=?μs std=0.00μs Numerical precision: max_abs_err=9.54e-06 mean_abs_err=4.36e-07 max_rel_err=2.56e-02 Memory: 33.47 MB peak (ref: 33.63 MB, ratio: 0.9952x) Kernel launches: 4 (ref: 2823, fusion ratio: 705.75) Energy: 232.7 mJ/run (ref: 697.98 mJ, ratio: 2.9995x) SOL score: 0.0005
final submitted kernel (114 lines, 3,149 chars) — full source, untruncated
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline

cuda_source = '''
#include <torch/extension.h>
#include <cuda.h>
#include <cuda_runtime.h>

__global__ void gated_delta_attn_kernel(
    const float* __restrict__ q,
    const float* __restrict__ k,
    const float* __restrict__ v,
    const float* __restrict__ gate,
    float* __restrict__ output,
    int batch_size,
    int seq_len,
    int num_heads,
    int head_dim
) {
    int bh = blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;
    int total_bh = batch_size * num_heads;
    if (bh >= total_bh) return;
    int b = bh / num_heads;
    int h = bh % num_heads;
    
    float state[32*32];
    for (int i = 0; i < head_dim * head_dim; i++) state[i] = 0.0f;
    
    int base = b * seq_len * num_heads * head_dim + h * head_dim;
    int stride_t = num_heads * head_dim;
    
    for (int t = 0; t < seq_len; t++) {
        float gate_t[32];
        float k_t[32], v_t[32], q_t[32];
        int t_offset = base + t * stride_t;
        for (int d = 0; d < head_dim; d++) {
            gate_t[d] = gate[t_offset + d];
            k_t[d] = k[t_offset + d];
            v_t[d] = v[t_offset + d];
            q_t[d] = q[t_offset + d];
        }
        
        // update state[l,m] = gate[m] * state[l,m] + k[l]*v[m]
        for (int l = 0; l < head_dim; l++) {
            for (int m = 0; m < head_dim; m++) {
                float kv = k_t[l] * v_t[m];
                int sidx = l * head_dim + m;
                state[sidx] = gate_t[m] * state[sidx] + kv;
            }
        }
        
        // y[m] = sum_l q[l] * state[l,m]
        for (int m = 0; m < head_dim; m++) {
            float sum = 0.0f;
            for (int l = 0; l < head_dim; l++) {
                sum += q_t[l] * state[l * head_dim + m];
            }
            output[t_offset + m] = sum;
        }
    }
}

torch::Tensor gated_delta_attention_cuda(
    torch::Tensor q,
    torch::Tensor k,
    torch::Tensor v,
    torch::Tensor gate
) {
    auto batch_size = q.size(0);
    auto seq_len = q.size(1);
    auto num_heads = q.size(2);
    auto head_dim = q.size(3);
    
    auto output = torch::zeros({batch_size, seq_len, num_heads, head_dim}, q.options());
    
    int total_bh = batch_size * num_heads;
    gated_delta_attn_kernel<<<(total_bh + 255)/256, 256>>>(
        q.data_ptr<float>(),
        k.data_ptr<float>(),
        v.data_ptr<float>(),
        gate.data_ptr<float>(),
        output.data_ptr<float>(),
        batch_size,
        seq_len,
        num_heads,
        head_dim
    );
    
    return output;
}
'''

cpp_source = '''
torch::Tensor gated_delta_attention_cuda(torch::Tensor q, torch::Tensor k, torch::Tensor v, torch::Tensor gate);
'''

module = load_inline(
    name='gated_delta_attn',
    cpp_sources=cpp_source,
    cuda_sources=cuda_source,
    functions=['gated_delta_attention_cuda'],
    verbose=False,
    extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3']
)

class ModelNew(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.module = module

    def forward(self, q, k, v, gate):
        return self.module.gated_delta_attention_cuda(q, k, v, gate)