grok-4.3 · popcorn · pop_l123_all_gpt
correct 4_GJKRobotEnvironmentIntersection.py
model
grok-4.3
turns / max
3 / 15
tool calls
3
tokens (total)
20007
wall clock
482.8s
truncated
no
backend
cuda fp32
variant
popcorn
runtime
0.01 μs
ref runtime
0.98 μs
speedup
153.46x
started
2026-05-11T21:10:53Z
timingkernelbench.timing
kernel runtime
0.01 μs
ref runtime
0.98 μs
speedup
153.46x
kernel mean / median / std
0.01 / — / 1.09e-04 μs
ref mean / median / std
0.98 / — / 0.11 μs
numerical precisioneval_kernel_against_ref
max abs error
0.00
mean abs error
0.00
max rel error
0.00
mean rel error
0.00
gpu memoryextended_metrics.measure_memory
kernel peak
33.00 MB
ref peak
33.01 MB
kernel / ref
1.00x
kernel launches / fusiontorch.profiler
kernel launches
1
ref launches
295
fusion ratio (ref / kernel)
295.00x
total cuda time
21 μs
SOL (speed-of-light)nsight_hardware_counters
SOL score (0–1)
9.000e-04
dram util %
0.1%
compute util %
0.0%
bottleneck
unknown
dominant pipe
None
arithmetic intensity
—
ridge point
20.00
roofline / occupancynsight_hardware_counters
dram bandwidth
3.00 GB/s
dram util %
0.1%
fp32 tflops
—
fp32 util %
—
fp16 tflops
—
occupancy %
6.6%
bottleneck
unknown
dominant pipe %
—
arithmetic intensity
—
ridge point
20.00
L1 hit %
—
L2 hit %
98.4%
ld sectors / req
8.80
st sectors / req
—
regs / thread
27
smem / block
1024 B
block size
256
peak bw
3350.00 GB/s
peak fp32 tflops
67.00
peak fp16 tflops
1979.00
warp stalls (top 5)nsight
long_scoreboard
173.5%
short_scoreboard
107.0%
flagssubmit_kernel guard
excessive speedup
flagged
reference PyTorch source (the prompt the agent sees)
"""
Robot–environment convex collision in **xy** (ground plane).

For an **axis-aligned robot footprint** vs. a **single convex obstacle triangle**, a
**separating-axis test (SAT)** gives the same **intersection predicate** as **GJK** in
2D, with a compact fully batched reference. A fused device kernel often implements
**GJK (+ EPA for penetration depth)** for arbitrary 3D polyhedra; this problem is
the canonical 2D footprint special case.
"""

import torch
import torch.nn as nn

# Default ModelNew is PyTorch-only. run_and_check: use check_kernel=False with backend=cuda


def _rect_corners_xy(robot_min: torch.Tensor, robot_max: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
    """(B, 4, 2) corners of axis-aligned rectangles."""
    x0, x1 = robot_min[:, 0], robot_max[:, 0]
    y0, y1 = robot_min[:, 1], robot_max[:, 1]
    return torch.stack(
        (
            torch.stack((x0, y0), dim=-1),
            torch.stack((x1, y0), dim=-1),
            torch.stack((x1, y1), dim=-1),
            torch.stack((x0, y1), dim=-1),
        ),
        dim=1,
    )


def _project_min_max(points: torch.Tensor, axis: torch.Tensor) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
    """points (B, K, 2), axis (B, 2) or (2,) broadcast → (B,) min and max projections."""
    if axis.dim() == 1:
        axis = axis.view(1, 2).expand(points.shape[0], -1)
    proj = (points * axis.unsqueeze(1)).sum(dim=-1)
    return proj.min(dim=-1).values, proj.max(dim=-1).values


def _batched_sat_rect_triangle(
    robot_min: torch.Tensor,
    robot_max: torch.Tensor,
    env_triangle: torch.Tensor,
    eps: float,
) -> torch.Tensor:
    """
    Separating-axis test: AABB vs triangle in 2D, fully vectorized over batch.
    Returns (B,) float 1.0 if overlapping else 0.0.
    """
    B = robot_min.shape[0]
    corners = _rect_corners_xy(robot_min, robot_max)
    hit = torch.ones(B, device=robot_min.device, dtype=robot_min.dtype)

    # World axes (rectangle is AABB)
    for ax in (
        torch.tensor([1.0, 0.0], device=robot_min.device, dtype=robot_min.dtype),
        torch.tensor([0.0, 1.0], device=robot_min.device, dtype=robot_min.dtype),
    ):
        r0, r1 = _project_min_max(corners, ax)
        t0, t1 = _project_min_max(env_triangle, ax)
        separated = (r1 < t0 - eps) | (t1 < r0 - eps)
        hit = hit * (~separated).to(hit.dtype)

    # Triangle edge normals (per batch)
    for i in range(3):
        e = env_triangle[:, (i + 1) % 3] - env_triangle[:, i]
        n = torch.stack((-e[:, 1], e[:, 0]), dim=-1)
        n = n / (n.norm(dim=-1, keepdim=True) + 1e-8)
        r0, r1 = _project_min_max(corners, n)
        t0, t1 = _project_min_max(env_triangle, n)
        separated = (r1 < t0 - eps) | (t1 < r0 - eps)
        hit = hit * (~separated).to(hit.dtype)

    return hit


class Model(nn.Module):
    """
    **Batched robot footprint vs. environment triangle** intersection in **xy**.

    Robot: axis-aligned box ``[robot_min, robot_max]`` per batch element.
    Environment: one **triangle** ``(B, 3, 2)``.

    Reference: **vectorized SAT** (5 axis tests). Fused-kernel target: same
    predicate via **GJK/EPA** or specialized SAT SIMD for planning loops.
    """

    def __init__(self, eps: float = 1e-6):
        super().__init__()
        self.eps = eps

    def forward(
        self,
        robot_min: torch.Tensor,
        robot_max: torch.Tensor,
        env_triangle: torch.Tensor,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        """
        Args:
            robot_min: (B, 2), robot_max: (B, 2) with max >= min componentwise.
            env_triangle: (B, 3, 2) obstacle vertices in order (any consistent winding).
        Returns:
            (B, 1) float in ``{0.0, 1.0}`` — **1** if the sets intersect.
        """
        B = robot_min.shape[0]
        assert robot_max.shape == (B, 2) and env_triangle.shape == (B, 3, 2)
        h = _batched_sat_rect_triangle(robot_min, robot_max, env_triangle, self.eps)
        return h.unsqueeze(-1)


class ModelNew(nn.Module):
    """KernelBench candidate entry point; default delegates to ``Model``."""

    def __init__(self, eps: float = 1e-6):
        super().__init__()
        self._impl = Model(eps=eps)

    def forward(
        self,
        robot_min: torch.Tensor,
        robot_max: torch.Tensor,
        env_triangle: torch.Tensor,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        return self._impl(robot_min, robot_max, env_triangle)


batch_size = 16


def get_inputs():
    bs = popcorn_pri.jitter_int(batch_size)
    robot_min = torch.empty(bs, 2).uniform_(-1.0, 0.5)
    robot_max = robot_min + torch.empty(bs, 2).uniform_(0.2, 0.8)
    env_triangle = torch.empty(bs, 3, 2).uniform_(-0.8, 0.8)
    return [robot_min, robot_max, env_triangle]


def get_init_inputs():
    return []
turn 0207.2s turn · 25.4s LLM · 181.9s tools · tokens in=3,099 · out=1,111 · total=5,516
reasoning
The task is to replace the forward computation with a custom CUDA kernel for this batched SAT (Separating Axis Test) for robot footprint vs. triangle collision. The task involves replacing the forward computation of a PyTorch model with a custom CUDA kernel. The new class, ModelNew, must accept the same inputs as the original Model and implement a forward method that outputs a tensor of collision indicators for each batch element. The collision check uses the Separating Axis Test (SAT) between 2D rectangles and triangles. In the init function, it generates random tensors: robot_min and robot_max are tensors of shape (batch_size, 2) with values drawn from uniform distributions, and env_triangle is (batch_size, 3, 2) representing the vertices of triangles. The forward method returns a 1D tensor indicating overlap (1.0) or no overlap (0.0) per batch. To achieve this, I propose writing a custom CUDA kernel using torch.utils.cpp_extension.load_inline.
call → compile_kernel
callcompile_kernel { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__global__ void sat_kernel(\n const float* __restrict__ robot_min,\n const float* __restrict__ robot_max,\n const float* __restrict__ env_triangle,\n float* __restrict__ output,\n float eps,\n int B\n) {\n int b = blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n if (b >= B) return;\n\n float rmin[2] = {robot_min[b*2 + 0], robot_min[b*2 + 1]};\n float rmax[2] = {robot_max[b*2 + 0], robot_max[b*2 + 1]};\n\n float tri[3][2];\n #pragma unroll\n for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {\n tri[i][0] = env_triangle[b*6 + i*2 + 0];\n tri[i][1] = env_triangle[b*6 + i*2 + 1];\n }\n\n float hit = 1.0f;\n\n // World axes x and y\n for(int ax = 0; ax < 2; ax++) {\n float r0 = (ax == 0 ? rmin[0] : rmin[1]);\n float r1 = (ax == 0 ? rmax[0] : rmax[1]);\n float t0 = tri[0][ax];\n float t1 = t0;\n for(int i = 1; i < 3; i++) {\n float tp = tri[i][ax];\n if (tp < t0) t0 = tp;\n if (tp > t1) t1 = tp;\n }\n bool sep = (r1 < t0 - eps) || (t1 < r0 - eps);\n if (sep) hit = 0.0f;\n }\n\n // Triangle edge normals\n for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {\n int j = (i + 1) % 3;\n float ex = tri[j][0] - tri[i][0];\n float ey = tri[j][1] - tri[i][1];\n float nx = -ey;\n float ny = ex;\n float nlen = sqrtf(nx*nx + ny*ny) + 1e-8f;\n nx /= nlen;\n ny /= nlen;\n\n // rect corners\n float p0 = rmin[0]*nx + rmin[1]*ny;\n float p1 = rmax[0]*nx + rmin[1]*ny;\n float p2 = rmax[0]*nx + rmax[1]*ny;\n float p3 = rmin[0]*nx + rmax[1]*ny;\n float r0 = fminf(fminf(p0, p1), fminf(p2, p3));\n float r1 = fmaxf(fmaxf(p0, p1), fmaxf(p2, p3));\n\n // tri proj\n float tp0 = tri[0][0]*nx + tri[0][1]*ny;\n float tp1 = tp0;\n for(int k=1; k<3; k++) {\n float tp = tri[k][0]*nx + tri[k][1]*ny;\n if (tp < tp0) tp0 = tp;\n if (tp > tp1) tp1 = tp;\n }\n bool sep = (r1 < tp0 - eps) || (tp1 < r0 - eps);\n if (sep) hit = 0.0f;\n }\n\n output[b] = hit;\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor sat_collision(torch::Tensor robot_min, torch::Tensor robot_max, torch::Tensor env_triangle, float eps) {\n int B = robot_min.size(0);\n auto output = torch::empty({B, 1}, robot_min.options());\n const int threads = 256;\n const int blocks = (B + threads - 1) / threads;\n sat_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(\n robot_min.data_ptr<float>(),\n robot_max.data_ptr<float>(),\n env_triangle.data_ptr<float>(),\n output.data_ptr<float>(),\n eps,\n B\n );\n return output;\n}\n'''\n\ncpp_source = r'''\ntorch::Tensor sat_collision(torch::Tensor robot_min, torch::Tensor robot_max, torch::Tensor env_triangle, float eps);\n'''\n\nmodule = load_inline(\n name=\"sat_collision_module\",\n cpp_sources=[cpp_source],\n cuda_sources=[cuda_source],\n functions=[\"sat_collision\"],\n verbose=False\n)\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, eps: float = 1e-6):\n super().__init__()\n self.eps = eps\n\n def forward(\n self,\n robot_min: torch.Tensor,\n robot_max: torch.Tensor,\n env_triangle: torch.Tensor,\n ) -> torch.Tensor:\n return module.sat_collision(robot_min, robot_max, env_triangle, self.eps)\n" }
result ← compile_kernel (ok)
okcompile_kernel compile_kernel PASSED: kernel compiled without errors.
turn 1175.6s turn · 10.8s LLM · 164.8s tools · tokens in=5,533 · out=1,112 · total=6,655
reasoning
The kernel compiled successfully. Now, check correctness.
call → run_correctness
callrun_correctness { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__global__ void sat_kernel(\n const float* __restrict__ robot_min,\n const float* __restrict__ robot_max,\n const float* __restrict__ env_triangle,\n float* __restrict__ output,\n float eps,\n int B\n) {\n int b = blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n if (b >= B) return;\n\n float rmin[2] = {robot_min[b*2 + 0], robot_min[b*2 + 1]};\n float rmax[2] = {robot_max[b*2 + 0], robot_max[b*2 + 1]};\n\n float tri[3][2];\n #pragma unroll\n for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {\n tri[i][0] = env_triangle[b*6 + i*2 + 0];\n tri[i][1] = env_triangle[b*6 + i*2 + 1];\n }\n\n float hit = 1.0f;\n\n // World axes x and y\n for(int ax = 0; ax < 2; ax++) {\n float r0 = (ax == 0 ? rmin[0] : rmin[1]);\n float r1 = (ax == 0 ? rmax[0] : rmax[1]);\n float t0 = tri[0][ax];\n float t1 = t0;\n for(int i = 1; i < 3; i++) {\n float tp = tri[i][ax];\n if (tp < t0) t0 = tp;\n if (tp > t1) t1 = tp;\n }\n bool sep = (r1 < t0 - eps) || (t1 < r0 - eps);\n if (sep) hit = 0.0f;\n }\n\n // Triangle edge normals\n for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {\n int j = (i + 1) % 3;\n float ex = tri[j][0] - tri[i][0];\n float ey = tri[j][1] - tri[i][1];\n float nx = -ey;\n float ny = ex;\n float nlen = sqrtf(nx*nx + ny*ny) + 1e-8f;\n nx /= nlen;\n ny /= nlen;\n\n // rect corners\n float p0 = rmin[0]*nx + rmin[1]*ny;\n float p1 = rmax[0]*nx + rmin[1]*ny;\n float p2 = rmax[0]*nx + rmax[1]*ny;\n float p3 = rmin[0]*nx + rmax[1]*ny;\n float r0 = fminf(fminf(p0, p1), fminf(p2, p3));\n float r1 = fmaxf(fmaxf(p0, p1), fmaxf(p2, p3));\n\n // tri proj\n float tp0 = tri[0][0]*nx + tri[0][1]*ny;\n float tp1 = tp0;\n for(int k=1; k<3; k++) {\n float tp = tri[k][0]*nx + tri[k][1]*ny;\n if (tp < tp0) tp0 = tp;\n if (tp > tp1) tp1 = tp;\n }\n bool sep = (r1 < tp0 - eps) || (tp1 < r0 - eps);\n if (sep) hit = 0.0f;\n }\n\n output[b] = hit;\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor sat_collision(torch::Tensor robot_min, torch::Tensor robot_max, torch::Tensor env_triangle, float eps) {\n int B = robot_min.size(0);\n auto output = torch::empty({B, 1}, robot_min.options());\n const int threads = 256;\n const int blocks = (B + threads - 1) / threads;\n sat_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(\n robot_min.data_ptr<float>(),\n robot_max.data_ptr<float>(),\n env_triangle.data_ptr<float>(),\n output.data_ptr<float>(),\n eps,\n B\n );\n return output;\n}\n'''\n\ncpp_source = r'''\ntorch::Tensor sat_collision(torch::Tensor robot_min, torch::Tensor robot_max, torch::Tensor env_triangle, float eps);\n'''\n\nmodule = load_inline(\n name=\"sat_collision_module\",\n cpp_sources=[cpp_source],\n cuda_sources=[cuda_source],\n functions=[\"sat_collision\"],\n verbose=False\n)\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, eps: float = 1e-6):\n super().__init__()\n self.eps = eps\n\n def forward(\n self,\n robot_min: torch.Tensor,\n robot_max: torch.Tensor,\n env_triangle: torch.Tensor,\n ) -> torch.Tensor:\n return module.sat_collision(robot_min, robot_max, env_triangle, self.eps)\n" }
result ← run_correctness (ok)
okrun_correctness run_correctness PASSED: (3 / 3) trials all matched the reference. Numerical precision: max_abs_err=0.00e+00 mean_abs_err=0.00e+00 max_rel_err=0.00e+00
turn 2100.0s turn · 10.7s LLM · 89.3s tools · tokens in=6,715 · out=1,111 · total=7,836 · FINAL
reasoning
Correctness passed perfectly. Now, submit it.
call → submit_kernel
callsubmit_kernel { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__global__ void sat_kernel(\n const float* __restrict__ robot_min,\n const float* __restrict__ robot_max,\n const float* __restrict__ env_triangle,\n float* __restrict__ output,\n float eps,\n int B\n) {\n int b = blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n if (b >= B) return;\n\n float rmin[2] = {robot_min[b*2 + 0], robot_min[b*2 + 1]};\n float rmax[2] = {robot_max[b*2 + 0], robot_max[b*2 + 1]};\n\n float tri[3][2];\n #pragma unroll\n for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {\n tri[i][0] = env_triangle[b*6 + i*2 + 0];\n tri[i][1] = env_triangle[b*6 + i*2 + 1];\n }\n\n float hit = 1.0f;\n\n // World axes x and y\n for(int ax = 0; ax < 2; ax++) {\n float r0 = (ax == 0 ? rmin[0] : rmin[1]);\n float r1 = (ax == 0 ? rmax[0] : rmax[1]);\n float t0 = tri[0][ax];\n float t1 = t0;\n for(int i = 1; i < 3; i++) {\n float tp = tri[i][ax];\n if (tp < t0) t0 = tp;\n if (tp > t1) t1 = tp;\n }\n bool sep = (r1 < t0 - eps) || (t1 < r0 - eps);\n if (sep) hit = 0.0f;\n }\n\n // Triangle edge normals\n for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {\n int j = (i + 1) % 3;\n float ex = tri[j][0] - tri[i][0];\n float ey = tri[j][1] - tri[i][1];\n float nx = -ey;\n float ny = ex;\n float nlen = sqrtf(nx*nx + ny*ny) + 1e-8f;\n nx /= nlen;\n ny /= nlen;\n\n // rect corners\n float p0 = rmin[0]*nx + rmin[1]*ny;\n float p1 = rmax[0]*nx + rmin[1]*ny;\n float p2 = rmax[0]*nx + rmax[1]*ny;\n float p3 = rmin[0]*nx + rmax[1]*ny;\n float r0 = fminf(fminf(p0, p1), fminf(p2, p3));\n float r1 = fmaxf(fmaxf(p0, p1), fmaxf(p2, p3));\n\n // tri proj\n float tp0 = tri[0][0]*nx + tri[0][1]*ny;\n float tp1 = tp0;\n for(int k=1; k<3; k++) {\n float tp = tri[k][0]*nx + tri[k][1]*ny;\n if (tp < tp0) tp0 = tp;\n if (tp > tp1) tp1 = tp;\n }\n bool sep = (r1 < tp0 - eps) || (tp1 < r0 - eps);\n if (sep) hit = 0.0f;\n }\n\n output[b] = hit;\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor sat_collision(torch::Tensor robot_min, torch::Tensor robot_max, torch::Tensor env_triangle, float eps) {\n int B = robot_min.size(0);\n auto output = torch::empty({B, 1}, robot_min.options());\n const int threads = 256;\n const int blocks = (B + threads - 1) / threads;\n sat_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(\n robot_min.data_ptr<float>(),\n robot_max.data_ptr<float>(),\n env_triangle.data_ptr<float>(),\n output.data_ptr<float>(),\n eps,\n B\n );\n return output;\n}\n'''\n\ncpp_source = r'''\ntorch::Tensor sat_collision(torch::Tensor robot_min, torch::Tensor robot_max, torch::Tensor env_triangle, float eps);\n'''\n\nmodule = load_inline(\n name=\"sat_collision_module\",\n cpp_sources=[cpp_source],\n cuda_sources=[cuda_source],\n functions=[\"sat_collision\"],\n verbose=False\n)\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, eps: float = 1e-6):\n super().__init__()\n self.eps = eps\n\n def forward(\n self,\n robot_min: torch.Tensor,\n robot_max: torch.Tensor,\n env_triangle: torch.Tensor,\n ) -> torch.Tensor:\n return module.sat_collision(robot_min, robot_max, env_triangle, self.eps)\n" }
result ← submit_kernel (ok)
oksubmit_kernel submit_kernel PASSED: (3 / 3) correctness trials all passed. Kernel runtime: 0.01 μs Runtime stats: mean=0.01μs median=?μs std=0.00μs Numerical precision: max_abs_err=0.00e+00 mean_abs_err=0.00e+00 max_rel_err=0.00e+00 Memory: 33.0 MB peak (ref: 33.01 MB, ratio: 0.9998x) Kernel launches: 1 (ref: 295, fusion ratio: 295.0) SOL score: 0.0009 Flagged for excessive speedup — this submission may have been rejected by automated review.
final submitted kernel (122 lines, 3,444 chars) — full source, untruncated
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline

cuda_source = r'''
#include <torch/extension.h>
#include <cuda_runtime.h>

__global__ void sat_kernel(
    const float* __restrict__ robot_min,
    const float* __restrict__ robot_max,
    const float* __restrict__ env_triangle,
    float* __restrict__ output,
    float eps,
    int B
) {
    int b = blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;
    if (b >= B) return;

    float rmin[2] = {robot_min[b*2 + 0], robot_min[b*2 + 1]};
    float rmax[2] = {robot_max[b*2 + 0], robot_max[b*2 + 1]};

    float tri[3][2];
    #pragma unroll
    for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
        tri[i][0] = env_triangle[b*6 + i*2 + 0];
        tri[i][1] = env_triangle[b*6 + i*2 + 1];
    }

    float hit = 1.0f;

    // World axes x and y
    for(int ax = 0; ax < 2; ax++) {
        float r0 = (ax == 0 ? rmin[0] : rmin[1]);
        float r1 = (ax == 0 ? rmax[0] : rmax[1]);
        float t0 = tri[0][ax];
        float t1 = t0;
        for(int i = 1; i < 3; i++) {
            float tp = tri[i][ax];
            if (tp < t0) t0 = tp;
            if (tp > t1) t1 = tp;
        }
        bool sep = (r1 < t0 - eps) || (t1 < r0 - eps);
        if (sep) hit = 0.0f;
    }

    // Triangle edge normals
    for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
        int j = (i + 1) % 3;
        float ex = tri[j][0] - tri[i][0];
        float ey = tri[j][1] - tri[i][1];
        float nx = -ey;
        float ny = ex;
        float nlen = sqrtf(nx*nx + ny*ny) + 1e-8f;
        nx /= nlen;
        ny /= nlen;

        // rect corners
        float p0 = rmin[0]*nx + rmin[1]*ny;
        float p1 = rmax[0]*nx + rmin[1]*ny;
        float p2 = rmax[0]*nx + rmax[1]*ny;
        float p3 = rmin[0]*nx + rmax[1]*ny;
        float r0 = fminf(fminf(p0, p1), fminf(p2, p3));
        float r1 = fmaxf(fmaxf(p0, p1), fmaxf(p2, p3));

        // tri proj
        float tp0 = tri[0][0]*nx + tri[0][1]*ny;
        float tp1 = tp0;
        for(int k=1; k<3; k++) {
            float tp = tri[k][0]*nx + tri[k][1]*ny;
            if (tp < tp0) tp0 = tp;
            if (tp > tp1) tp1 = tp;
        }
        bool sep = (r1 < tp0 - eps) || (tp1 < r0 - eps);
        if (sep) hit = 0.0f;
    }

    output[b] = hit;
}

torch::Tensor sat_collision(torch::Tensor robot_min, torch::Tensor robot_max, torch::Tensor env_triangle, float eps) {
    int B = robot_min.size(0);
    auto output = torch::empty({B, 1}, robot_min.options());
    const int threads = 256;
    const int blocks = (B + threads - 1) / threads;
    sat_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(
        robot_min.data_ptr<float>(),
        robot_max.data_ptr<float>(),
        env_triangle.data_ptr<float>(),
        output.data_ptr<float>(),
        eps,
        B
    );
    return output;
}
'''

cpp_source = r'''
torch::Tensor sat_collision(torch::Tensor robot_min, torch::Tensor robot_max, torch::Tensor env_triangle, float eps);
'''

module = load_inline(
    name="sat_collision_module",
    cpp_sources=[cpp_source],
    cuda_sources=[cuda_source],
    functions=["sat_collision"],
    verbose=False
)

class ModelNew(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, eps: float = 1e-6):
        super().__init__()
        self.eps = eps

    def forward(
        self,
        robot_min: torch.Tensor,
        robot_max: torch.Tensor,
        env_triangle: torch.Tensor,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        return module.sat_collision(robot_min, robot_max, env_triangle, self.eps)