grok-4.3 · popcorn · pop_l123_all_gpt
compile_fail 2_GraphEdgeSoftmaxCSR.py
model
grok-4.3
turns / max
12 / 15
tool calls
11
tokens (total)
108698
wall clock
784.9s
truncated
no
backend
cuda fp32
variant
popcorn
runtime
—
ref runtime
-1.00 μs
speedup
—
started
2026-05-11T19:29:00Z
compile error: Syntax error in custom generated code or ModelNew not found
timingkernelbench.timing
kernel runtime
—
ref runtime
—
speedup
—
kernel mean / median / std
—
ref mean / median / std
—
reference PyTorch source (the prompt the agent sees)
import torch
import torch.nn as nn


class Model(nn.Module):
    """
    Row-wise softmax over edge scores stored in CSR format.

    This is a core primitive in graph attention networks and sparse attention on
    irregular neighborhoods. Each node owns a contiguous edge segment in
    `edge_scores[row_ptr[i]:row_ptr[i + 1]]`, and the kernel normalizes scores
    independently within each segment.
    """

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

    def forward(
        self,
        row_ptr: torch.Tensor,
        edge_scores: torch.Tensor,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        """
        Args:
            row_ptr:      (num_nodes + 1,) CSR row offsets
            edge_scores:  (num_edges,) unnormalized attention logits
        Returns:
            (num_edges,) softmax-normalized edge weights per source node
        """
        num_nodes = row_ptr.numel() - 1
        out = torch.empty_like(edge_scores)

        for node in range(num_nodes):
            start = int(row_ptr[node].item())
            end = int(row_ptr[node + 1].item())
            if end > start:
                out[start:end] = torch.softmax(edge_scores[start:end], dim=0)

        return out


num_nodes = 512
avg_degree = 24
batchless_num_edges = num_nodes * avg_degree


def _make_row_ptr(num_nodes: int, avg_degree: int) -> torch.Tensor:
    base = torch.full((num_nodes,), avg_degree, dtype=torch.int32)
    return row_ptr


def get_inputs():
    return list(popcorn_pri.make_csr_scalar_edge_scores(num_nodes, avg_degree))



def get_init_inputs():
    return []
turn 099.0s turn · 26.7s LLM · 72.3s tools · tokens in=2,225 · out=688 · total=4,168
reasoning
The task is to replace the forward computation of a PyTorch model with a custom CUDA kernel. The model performs row-wise softmax over edge scores in CSR format. The task requires replacing the forward computation of a PyTorch model with a custom CUDA kernel. The model processes data in CSR format, performing a row-wise softmax on edge scores for each row corresponding to a node. In the CUDA kernel, I'll handle row-wise softmax independently for each row. Given the small average degree (24 24), I can assign one warp per row for efficiency, using warp-level reductions to find the max and sum of exponentials. I'll use warp_reduce_max and warp_reduce_sum functions within the kernel, launched with dim3(num_nodes, 1, 1) blocks and no threads per block since warp-level primitives require 32 threads. Actually, upon thinking, since it's warp-level, each block handles one row, but blocks don't need threads if using grid-stride loops, but wait, for simplicity, I'll launch grid(num_nodes), block(32), and let threads within block process the row in parallel. Yes, that's standard. For 512 nodes and ~12k edges, it's manageable. Then, using expf for exponentials, subtract max to avoid overflow, reduce max and sum using warp shuffle/intrinsics, then normalize.
call → compile_kernel
callcompile_kernel { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_max(float val) {\n for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) {\n val = fmaxf(val, __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset));\n }\n return val;\n}\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_sum(float val) {\n for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) {\n val += __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset);\n }\n return val;\n}\n\n__global__ void csr_softmax_kernel(\n const int* __restrict__ row_ptr,\n const float* __restrict__ edge_scores,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int num_nodes\n) {\n int node = blockIdx.x;\n if (node >= num_nodes) return;\n int start = row_ptr[node];\n int end = row_ptr[node + 1];\n int len = end - start;\n if (len <= 0) return;\n int tid = threadIdx.x;\n float local_max = -INFINITY;\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n local_max = fmaxf(local_max, edge_scores[start + i]);\n }\n float row_max = warp_reduce_max(local_max);\n row_max = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_max, 0);\n float local_sum = 0.0f;\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n float val = expf(edge_scores[start + i] - row_max);\n out[start + i] = val;\n local_sum += val;\n }\n float row_sum = warp_reduce_sum(local_sum);\n row_sum = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_sum, 0);\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n out[start + i] /= row_sum;\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores) {\n int num_nodes = row_ptr.size(0) - 1;\n auto out = torch::empty_like(edge_scores);\n dim3 grid(num_nodes);\n dim3 block(32);\n csr_softmax_kernel<<<grid, block>>>(\n row_ptr.data_ptr<int>(),\n edge_scores.data_ptr<float>(),\n out.data_ptr<float>(),\n num_nodes\n );\n return out;\n}\n'''\n\ncpp_source = '''\ntorch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores);\n'''\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n self.op = load_inline(\n name='csr_softmax',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['csr_softmax_cuda'],\n verbose=False\n )\n\n def forward(self, row_ptr, edge_scores):\n return self.op.csr_softmax_cuda(row_ptr, edge_scores)\n" }
result ← compile_kernel (ok)
okcompile_kernel compile_kernel PASSED: kernel compiled without errors.
turn 185.5s turn · 9.5s LLM · 76.0s tools · tokens in=4,185 · out=689 · total=4,881
reasoning
Compiled successfully. Now check correctness.
call → run_correctness
callrun_correctness { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_max(float val) {\n for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) {\n val = fmaxf(val, __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset));\n }\n return val;\n}\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_sum(float val) {\n for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) {\n val += __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset);\n }\n return val;\n}\n\n__global__ void csr_softmax_kernel(\n const int* __restrict__ row_ptr,\n const float* __restrict__ edge_scores,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int num_nodes\n) {\n int node = blockIdx.x;\n if (node >= num_nodes) return;\n int start = row_ptr[node];\n int end = row_ptr[node + 1];\n int len = end - start;\n if (len <= 0) return;\n int tid = threadIdx.x;\n float local_max = -INFINITY;\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n local_max = fmaxf(local_max, edge_scores[start + i]);\n }\n float row_max = warp_reduce_max(local_max);\n row_max = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_max, 0);\n float local_sum = 0.0f;\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n float val = expf(edge_scores[start + i] - row_max);\n out[start + i] = val;\n local_sum += val;\n }\n float row_sum = warp_reduce_sum(local_sum);\n row_sum = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_sum, 0);\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n out[start + i] /= row_sum;\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores) {\n int num_nodes = row_ptr.size(0) - 1;\n auto out = torch::empty_like(edge_scores);\n dim3 grid(num_nodes);\n dim3 block(32);\n csr_softmax_kernel<<<grid, block>>>(\n row_ptr.data_ptr<int>(),\n edge_scores.data_ptr<float>(),\n out.data_ptr<float>(),\n num_nodes\n );\n return out;\n}\n'''\n\ncpp_source = '''\ntorch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores);\n'''\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n self.op = load_inline(\n name='csr_softmax',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['csr_softmax_cuda'],\n verbose=False\n )\n\n def forward(self, row_ptr, edge_scores):\n return self.op.csr_softmax_cuda(row_ptr, edge_scores)\n" }
result ← run_correctness (fail)
failrun_correctness run_correctness FAILED: ? trials did not all match. runtime_error: expected scalar type Int but found Float
turn 276.7s turn · 10.1s LLM · 66.6s tools · tokens in=4,910 · out=697 · total=5,738
reasoning
Error: row_ptr data type. In get_inputs, row_ptr is int32, but error says expected Int but found Float? Wait, strange.
call → compile_kernel
callcompile_kernel { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n#include <cstdint>\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_max(float val) {\n for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) {\n val = fmaxf(val, __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset));\n }\n return val;\n}\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_sum(float val) {\n for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) {\n val += __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset);\n }\n return val;\n}\n\n__global__ void csr_softmax_kernel(\n const int32_t* __restrict__ row_ptr,\n const float* __restrict__ edge_scores,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int num_nodes\n) {\n int node = blockIdx.x;\n if (node >= num_nodes) return;\n int start = row_ptr[node];\n int end = row_ptr[node + 1];\n int len = end - start;\n if (len <= 0) return;\n int tid = threadIdx.x;\n float local_max = -INFINITY;\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n local_max = fmaxf(local_max, edge_scores[start + i]);\n }\n float row_max = warp_reduce_max(local_max);\n row_max = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_max, 0);\n float local_sum = 0.0f;\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n float val = expf(edge_scores[start + i] - row_max);\n out[start + i] = val;\n local_sum += val;\n }\n float row_sum = warp_reduce_sum(local_sum);\n row_sum = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_sum, 0);\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n out[start + i] /= row_sum;\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores) {\n int num_nodes = row_ptr.size(0) - 1;\n auto out = torch::empty_like(edge_scores);\n dim3 grid(num_nodes);\n dim3 block(32);\n csr_softmax_kernel<<<grid, block>>>(\n row_ptr.data_ptr<int32_t>(),\n edge_scores.data_ptr<float>(),\n out.data_ptr<float>(),\n num_nodes\n );\n return out;\n}\n'''\n\ncpp_source = '''\ntorch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores);\n'''\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n self.op = load_inline(\n name='csr_softmax',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['csr_softmax_cuda'],\n verbose=False\n )\n\n def forward(self, row_ptr, edge_scores):\n return self.op.csr_softmax_cuda(row_ptr, edge_scores)\n" }
result ← compile_kernel (ok)
okcompile_kernel compile_kernel PASSED: kernel compiled without errors.
turn 385.5s turn · 9.1s LLM · 76.5s tools · tokens in=5,755 · out=698 · total=6,457
reasoning
Now run correctness.
call → run_correctness
callrun_correctness { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n#include <cstdint>\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_max(float val) {\n for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) {\n val = fmaxf(val, __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset));\n }\n return val;\n}\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_sum(float val) {\n for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) {\n val += __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset);\n }\n return val;\n}\n\n__global__ void csr_softmax_kernel(\n const int32_t* __restrict__ row_ptr,\n const float* __restrict__ edge_scores,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int num_nodes\n) {\n int node = blockIdx.x;\n if (node >= num_nodes) return;\n int start = row_ptr[node];\n int end = row_ptr[node + 1];\n int len = end - start;\n if (len <= 0) return;\n int tid = threadIdx.x;\n float local_max = -INFINITY;\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n local_max = fmaxf(local_max, edge_scores[start + i]);\n }\n float row_max = warp_reduce_max(local_max);\n row_max = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_max, 0);\n float local_sum = 0.0f;\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n float val = expf(edge_scores[start + i] - row_max);\n out[start + i] = val;\n local_sum += val;\n }\n float row_sum = warp_reduce_sum(local_sum);\n row_sum = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_sum, 0);\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n out[start + i] /= row_sum;\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores) {\n int num_nodes = row_ptr.size(0) - 1;\n auto out = torch::empty_like(edge_scores);\n dim3 grid(num_nodes);\n dim3 block(32);\n csr_softmax_kernel<<<grid, block>>>(\n row_ptr.data_ptr<int32_t>(),\n edge_scores.data_ptr<float>(),\n out.data_ptr<float>(),\n num_nodes\n );\n return out;\n}\n'''\n\ncpp_source = '''\ntorch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores);\n'''\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n self.op = load_inline(\n name='csr_softmax',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['csr_softmax_cuda'],\n verbose=False\n )\n\n def forward(self, row_ptr, edge_scores):\n return self.op.csr_softmax_cuda(row_ptr, edge_scores)\n" }
result ← run_correctness (fail)
failrun_correctness run_correctness FAILED: ? trials did not all match. runtime_error: expected scalar type Int but found Float
turn 419.4s turn · 19.4s LLM · 0.0s tools · tokens in=6,486 · out=720 · total=7,837
reasoning
Still the same error. The error must be inside the reference or something? No. The error "expected scalar type Int but found Float" arises because row_ptr, defined as _make_row_ptr, is intended to CSR row_ptr as int32, passed correctly initially, but the issue lies deeper—possibly in the C++ function signature, load_inline implementation, or how the tensor is accessed in the kernel The reference uses .item() for scalar values, which is slow, but correct for scalar ops; here, direct tensor access is faster but sensitive to types. To address this, cast row_ptr to torch.int32 explicitly in forward, ensuring dtype matches expectations in kernel calls.
call → compile_kernel
callcompile_kernel { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n#include <cstdint>\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_max(float val) {\n for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) {\n val = fmaxf(val, __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset));\n }\n return val;\n}\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_sum(float val) {\n for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) {\n val += __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset);\n }\n return val;\n}\n\n__global__ void csr_softmax_kernel(\n const int32_t* __restrict__ row_ptr,\n const float* __restrict__ edge_scores,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int num_nodes\n) {\n int node = blockIdx.x;\n if (node >= num_nodes) return;\n int start = row_ptr[node];\n int end = row_ptr[node + 1];\n int len = end - start;\n if (len <= 0) return;\n int tid = threadIdx.x;\n float local_max = -INFINITY;\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n local_max = fmaxf(local_max, edge_scores[start + i]);\n }\n float row_max = warp_reduce_max(local_max);\n row_max = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_max, 0);\n float local_sum = 0.0f;\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n float val = expf(edge_scores[start + i] - row_max);\n out[start + i] = val;\n local_sum += val;\n }\n float row_sum = warp_reduce_sum(local_sum);\n row_sum = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_sum, 0);\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n out[start + i] /= row_sum;\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores) {\n TORCH_CHECK(row_ptr.dtype() == torch::kInt32, \"row_ptr must be int32\");\n int num_nodes = row_ptr.size(0) - 1;\n auto out = torch::empty_like(edge_scores);\n dim3 grid(num_nodes);\n dim3 block(32);\n csr_softmax_kernel<<<grid, block>>>(\n row_ptr.data_ptr<int32_t>(),\n edge_scores.data_ptr<float>(),\n out.data_ptr<float>(),\n num_nodes\n );\n return out;\n}\n'''\n\ncpp_source = '''\ntorch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores);\n'''\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n self.op = load_inline(\n name='csr_softmax',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['csr_softmax_cuda'],\n verbose=False\n )\n\n def forward(self, row_ptr, edge_scores):\n return self.op.csr_softmax_cuda(row_ptr, edge_scores)\n" }
result ← compile_kernel (ok)
okcompile_kernel compile_kernel PASSED: kernel compiled without errors.
turn 586.8s turn · 9.6s LLM · 77.3s tools · tokens in=7,854 · out=721 · total=8,580
reasoning
Now test correctness again.
call → run_correctness
callrun_correctness { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n#include <cstdint>\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_max(float val) {\n for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) {\n val = fmaxf(val, __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset));\n }\n return val;\n}\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_sum(float val) {\n for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) {\n val += __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset);\n }\n return val;\n}\n\n__global__ void csr_softmax_kernel(\n const int32_t* __restrict__ row_ptr,\n const float* __restrict__ edge_scores,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int num_nodes\n) {\n int node = blockIdx.x;\n if (node >= num_nodes) return;\n int start = row_ptr[node];\n int end = row_ptr[node + 1];\n int len = end - start;\n if (len <= 0) return;\n int tid = threadIdx.x;\n float local_max = -INFINITY;\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n local_max = fmaxf(local_max, edge_scores[start + i]);\n }\n float row_max = warp_reduce_max(local_max);\n row_max = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_max, 0);\n float local_sum = 0.0f;\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n float val = expf(edge_scores[start + i] - row_max);\n out[start + i] = val;\n local_sum += val;\n }\n float row_sum = warp_reduce_sum(local_sum);\n row_sum = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_sum, 0);\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n out[start + i] /= row_sum;\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores) {\n TORCH_CHECK(row_ptr.dtype() == torch::kInt32, \"row_ptr must be int32\");\n int num_nodes = row_ptr.size(0) - 1;\n auto out = torch::empty_like(edge_scores);\n dim3 grid(num_nodes);\n dim3 block(32);\n csr_softmax_kernel<<<grid, block>>>(\n row_ptr.data_ptr<int32_t>(),\n edge_scores.data_ptr<float>(),\n out.data_ptr<float>(),\n num_nodes\n );\n return out;\n}\n'''\n\ncpp_source = '''\ntorch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores);\n'''\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n self.op = load_inline(\n name='csr_softmax',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['csr_softmax_cuda'],\n verbose=False\n )\n\n def forward(self, row_ptr, edge_scores):\n return self.op.csr_softmax_cuda(row_ptr, edge_scores)\n" }
result ← run_correctness (fail)
failrun_correctness run_correctness FAILED: ? trials did not all match. runtime_error: row_ptr must be int32
turn 643.8s turn · 15.2s LLM · 28.6s tools · tokens in=8,608 · out=781 · total=9,701
reasoning
Now it reaches the check, so dtype is not kInt32? But reference creates it as int32. I noticed that the row_ptr tensor is created as int32, but the kernel check is failing because the dtype isn't recognized as kInt32. This is likely because the inputs are on CPU, and the CUDA kernel expects tensors on the GPU.
call → compile_kernel
callcompile_kernel { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n#include <cstdint>\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_max(float val) {\n for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) {\n val = fmaxf(val, __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset));\n }\n return val;\n}\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_sum(float val) {\n for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) {\n val += __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset);\n }\n return val;\n}\n\n__global__ void csr_softmax_kernel(\n const int32_t* __restrict__ row_ptr,\n const float* __restrict__ edge_scores,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int num_nodes\n) {\n int node = blockIdx.x;\n if (node >= num_nodes) return;\n int start = row_ptr[node];\n int end = row_ptr[node + 1];\n int len = end - start;\n if (len <= 0) return;\n int tid = threadIdx.x;\n float local_max = -INFINITY;\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n local_max = fmaxf(local_max, edge_scores[start + i]);\n }\n float row_max = warp_reduce_max(local_max);\n row_max = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_max, 0);\n float local_sum = 0.0f;\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n float val = expf(edge_scores[start + i] - row_max);\n out[start + i] = val;\n local_sum += val;\n }\n float row_sum = warp_reduce_sum(local_sum);\n row_sum = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_sum, 0);\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n out[start + i] /= row_sum;\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores) {\n TORCH_CHECK(row_ptr.dtype() == torch::kInt32, \"row_ptr must be int32\");\n TORCH_CHECK(edge_scores.dtype() == torch::kFloat32, \"edge_scores must be float32\");\n TORCH_CHECK(row_ptr.is_cuda(), \"row_ptr must be CUDA\");\n int num_nodes = row_ptr.size(0) - 1;\n auto out = torch::empty_like(edge_scores);\n dim3 grid(num_nodes);\n dim3 block(32);\n csr_softmax_kernel<<<grid, block>>>(\n row_ptr.data_ptr<int32_t>(),\n edge_scores.data_ptr<float>(),\n out.data_ptr<float>(),\n num_nodes\n );\n return out;\n}\n'''\n\ncpp_source = '''\ntorch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores);\n'''\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n self.op = load_inline(\n name='csr_softmax',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['csr_softmax_cuda'],\n verbose=False\n )\n\n def forward(self, row_ptr, edge_scores):\n row_ptr = row_ptr.cuda().contiguous()\n edge_scores = edge_scores.cuda().contiguous()\n return self.op.csr_softmax_cuda(row_ptr, edge_scores)\n" }
result ← compile_kernel (ok)
okcompile_kernel compile_kernel PASSED: kernel compiled without errors.
turn 783.8s turn · 8.1s LLM · 75.7s tools · tokens in=9,718 · out=782 · total=10,503
reasoning
Now correctness.
call → run_correctness
callrun_correctness { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n#include <cstdint>\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_max(float val) {\n for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) {\n val = fmaxf(val, __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset));\n }\n return val;\n}\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_sum(float val) {\n for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) {\n val += __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset);\n }\n return val;\n}\n\n__global__ void csr_softmax_kernel(\n const int32_t* __restrict__ row_ptr,\n const float* __restrict__ edge_scores,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int num_nodes\n) {\n int node = blockIdx.x;\n if (node >= num_nodes) return;\n int start = row_ptr[node];\n int end = row_ptr[node + 1];\n int len = end - start;\n if (len <= 0) return;\n int tid = threadIdx.x;\n float local_max = -INFINITY;\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n local_max = fmaxf(local_max, edge_scores[start + i]);\n }\n float row_max = warp_reduce_max(local_max);\n row_max = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_max, 0);\n float local_sum = 0.0f;\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n float val = expf(edge_scores[start + i] - row_max);\n out[start + i] = val;\n local_sum += val;\n }\n float row_sum = warp_reduce_sum(local_sum);\n row_sum = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_sum, 0);\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n out[start + i] /= row_sum;\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores) {\n TORCH_CHECK(row_ptr.dtype() == torch::kInt32, \"row_ptr must be int32\");\n TORCH_CHECK(edge_scores.dtype() == torch::kFloat32, \"edge_scores must be float32\");\n TORCH_CHECK(row_ptr.is_cuda(), \"row_ptr must be CUDA\");\n int num_nodes = row_ptr.size(0) - 1;\n auto out = torch::empty_like(edge_scores);\n dim3 grid(num_nodes);\n dim3 block(32);\n csr_softmax_kernel<<<grid, block>>>(\n row_ptr.data_ptr<int32_t>(),\n edge_scores.data_ptr<float>(),\n out.data_ptr<float>(),\n num_nodes\n );\n return out;\n}\n'''\n\ncpp_source = '''\ntorch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores);\n'''\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n self.op = load_inline(\n name='csr_softmax',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['csr_softmax_cuda'],\n verbose=False\n )\n\n def forward(self, row_ptr, edge_scores):\n row_ptr = row_ptr.cuda().contiguous()\n edge_scores = edge_scores.cuda().contiguous()\n return self.op.csr_softmax_cuda(row_ptr, edge_scores)\n" }
result ← run_correctness (fail)
failrun_correctness run_correctness FAILED: ? trials did not all match. runtime_error: row_ptr must be int32
turn 829.1s turn · 11.6s LLM · 17.6s tools · tokens in=10,531 · out=791 · total=11,443
reasoning
Still failing the check. So after .cuda(), the dtype changes? No, .cuda() preserves dtype.
call → compile_kernel
callcompile_kernel { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n#include <cstdint>\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_max(float val) {\n for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) {\n val = fmaxf(val, __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset));\n }\n return val;\n}\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_sum(float val) {\n for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) {\n val += __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset);\n }\n return val;\n}\n\n__global__ void csr_softmax_kernel(\n const int32_t* __restrict__ row_ptr,\n const float* __restrict__ edge_scores,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int num_nodes\n) {\n int node = blockIdx.x;\n if (node >= num_nodes) return;\n int start = row_ptr[node];\n int end = row_ptr[node + 1];\n int len = end - start;\n if (len <= 0) return;\n int tid = threadIdx.x;\n float local_max = -INFINITY;\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n local_max = fmaxf(local_max, edge_scores[start + i]);\n }\n float row_max = warp_reduce_max(local_max);\n row_max = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_max, 0);\n float local_sum = 0.0f;\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n float val = expf(edge_scores[start + i] - row_max);\n out[start + i] = val;\n local_sum += val;\n }\n float row_sum = warp_reduce_sum(local_sum);\n row_sum = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_sum, 0);\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n out[start + i] /= row_sum;\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores) {\n TORCH_CHECK(row_ptr.dtype() == torch::kInt32, \"row_ptr must be int32\");\n TORCH_CHECK(edge_scores.dtype() == torch::kFloat32, \"edge_scores must be float32\");\n TORCH_CHECK(row_ptr.is_cuda(), \"row_ptr must be CUDA\");\n int num_nodes = row_ptr.size(0) - 1;\n auto out = torch::empty_like(edge_scores);\n dim3 grid(num_nodes);\n dim3 block(32);\n csr_softmax_kernel<<<grid, block>>>(\n row_ptr.data_ptr<int32_t>(),\n edge_scores.data_ptr<float>(),\n out.data_ptr<float>(),\n num_nodes\n );\n return out;\n}\n'''\n\ncpp_source = '''\ntorch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores);\n'''\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n self.op = load_inline(\n name='csr_softmax',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['csr_softmax_cuda'],\n verbose=False\n )\n\n def forward(self, row_ptr, edge_scores):\n row_ptr = row_ptr.to(torch.int32).cuda().contiguous()\n edge_scores = edge_scores.to(torch.float32).cuda().contiguous()\n return self.op.csr_softmax_cuda(row_ptr, edge_scores)\n" }
result ← compile_kernel (ok)
okcompile_kernel compile_kernel PASSED: kernel compiled without errors.
turn 982.8s turn · 7.3s LLM · 75.4s tools · tokens in=11,460 · out=792 · total=12,254
reasoning
Test.
call → run_correctness
callrun_correctness { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n#include <cstdint>\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_max(float val) {\n for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) {\n val = fmaxf(val, __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset));\n }\n return val;\n}\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_sum(float val) {\n for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) {\n val += __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset);\n }\n return val;\n}\n\n__global__ void csr_softmax_kernel(\n const int32_t* __restrict__ row_ptr,\n const float* __restrict__ edge_scores,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int num_nodes\n) {\n int node = blockIdx.x;\n if (node >= num_nodes) return;\n int start = row_ptr[node];\n int end = row_ptr[node + 1];\n int len = end - start;\n if (len <= 0) return;\n int tid = threadIdx.x;\n float local_max = -INFINITY;\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n local_max = fmaxf(local_max, edge_scores[start + i]);\n }\n float row_max = warp_reduce_max(local_max);\n row_max = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_max, 0);\n float local_sum = 0.0f;\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n float val = expf(edge_scores[start + i] - row_max);\n out[start + i] = val;\n local_sum += val;\n }\n float row_sum = warp_reduce_sum(local_sum);\n row_sum = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_sum, 0);\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n out[start + i] /= row_sum;\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores) {\n TORCH_CHECK(row_ptr.dtype() == torch::kInt32, \"row_ptr must be int32\");\n TORCH_CHECK(edge_scores.dtype() == torch::kFloat32, \"edge_scores must be float32\");\n TORCH_CHECK(row_ptr.is_cuda(), \"row_ptr must be CUDA\");\n int num_nodes = row_ptr.size(0) - 1;\n auto out = torch::empty_like(edge_scores);\n dim3 grid(num_nodes);\n dim3 block(32);\n csr_softmax_kernel<<<grid, block>>>(\n row_ptr.data_ptr<int32_t>(),\n edge_scores.data_ptr<float>(),\n out.data_ptr<float>(),\n num_nodes\n );\n return out;\n}\n'''\n\ncpp_source = '''\ntorch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores);\n'''\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n self.op = load_inline(\n name='csr_softmax',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['csr_softmax_cuda'],\n verbose=False\n )\n\n def forward(self, row_ptr, edge_scores):\n row_ptr = row_ptr.to(torch.int32).cuda().contiguous()\n edge_scores = edge_scores.to(torch.float32).cuda().contiguous()\n return self.op.csr_softmax_cuda(row_ptr, edge_scores)\n" }
result ← run_correctness (ok)
okrun_correctness run_correctness PASSED: (3 / 3) trials all matched the reference. Numerical precision: max_abs_err=0.00e+00 mean_abs_err=0.00e+00 max_rel_err=0.00e+00
turn 1011.1s turn · 11.1s LLM · 0.0s tools · tokens in=12,314 · out=784 · total=13,120
reasoning
Great, now correct. I can submit this.
assistant```python import torch import torch.nn as nn from torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline cuda_source = r''' #include <torch/extension.h> #include <cuda.h> #include <cuda_runtime.h> #include <cstdint> __device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_max(float val) { for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) { val = fmaxf(val, __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset)); } return val; } __device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_sum(float val) { for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) { val += __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset); } return val; } __global__ void csr_softmax_kernel( const int32_t* __restrict__ row_ptr, const float* __restrict__ edge_scores, float* __restrict__ out, int num_nodes ) { int node = blockIdx.x; if (node >= num_nodes) return; int start = row_ptr[node]; int end = row_ptr[node + 1]; int len = end - start; if (len <= 0) return; int tid = threadIdx.x; float local_max = -INFINITY; for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) { local_max = fmaxf(local_max, edge_scores[start + i]); } float row_max = warp_reduce_max(local_max); row_max = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_max, 0); float local_sum = 0.0f; for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) { float val = expf(edge_scores[start + i] - row_max); out[start + i] = val; local_sum += val; } float row_sum = warp_reduce_sum(local_sum); row_sum = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_sum, 0); for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) { out[start + i] /= row_sum; } } torch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores) { TORCH_CHECK(row_ptr.dtype() == torch::kInt32, "row_ptr must be int32"); TORCH_CHECK(edge_scores.dtype() == torch::kFloat32, "edge_scores must be float32"); TORCH_CHECK(row_ptr.is_cuda(), "row_ptr must be CUDA"); int num_nodes = row_ptr.size(0) - 1; auto out = torch::empty_like(edge_scores); dim3 grid(num_nodes); dim3 block(32); csr_softmax_kernel<<<grid, block>>>( row_ptr.data_ptr<int32_t>(), edge_scores.data_ptr<float>(), out.data_ptr<float>(), num_nodes ); return out; } ''' cpp_source = ''' torch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores); ''' class ModelNew(nn.Module): def __init__(self): super().__init__() self.op = load_inline( name='csr_softmax', cpp_sources=cpp_source, cuda_sources=cuda_source, functions=['csr_softmax_cuda'], verbose=False ) def forward(self, row_ptr, edge_scores): row_ptr = row_ptr.to(torch.int32).cuda().contiguous() edge_scores = edge_scores.to(torch.float32).cuda().contiguous() return self.op.csr_softmax_cuda(row_ptr, edge_scores) ```
turn 1181.3s turn · 13.7s LLM · 67.6s tools · tokens in=13,188 · out=792 · total=14,016 · FINAL
reasoning
The previous submission was the final code, but since I didn't call submit_kernel, I need to do that now.
call → submit_kernel
callsubmit_kernel { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n#include <cstdint>\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_max(float val) {\n for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) {\n val = fmaxf(val, __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset));\n }\n return val;\n}\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_sum(float val) {\n for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) {\n val += __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset);\n }\n return val;\n}\n\n__global__ void csr_softmax_kernel(\n const int32_t* __restrict__ row_ptr,\n const float* __restrict__ edge_scores,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int num_nodes\n) {\n int node = blockIdx.x;\n if (node >= num_nodes) return;\n int start = row_ptr[node];\n int end = row_ptr[node + 1];\n int len = end - start;\n if (len <= 0) return;\n int tid = threadIdx.x;\n float local_max = -INFINITY;\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n local_max = fmaxf(local_max, edge_scores[start + i]);\n }\n float row_max = warp_reduce_max(local_max);\n row_max = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_max, 0);\n float local_sum = 0.0f;\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n float val = expf(edge_scores[start + i] - row_max);\n out[start + i] = val;\n local_sum += val;\n }\n float row_sum = warp_reduce_sum(local_sum);\n row_sum = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_sum, 0);\n for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {\n out[start + i] /= row_sum;\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores) {\n TORCH_CHECK(row_ptr.dtype() == torch::kInt32, \"row_ptr must be int32\");\n TORCH_CHECK(edge_scores.dtype() == torch::kFloat32, \"edge_scores must be float32\");\n TORCH_CHECK(row_ptr.is_cuda(), \"row_ptr must be CUDA\");\n int num_nodes = row_ptr.size(0) - 1;\n auto out = torch::empty_like(edge_scores);\n dim3 grid(num_nodes);\n dim3 block(32);\n csr_softmax_kernel<<<grid, block>>>(\n row_ptr.data_ptr<int32_t>(),\n edge_scores.data_ptr<float>(),\n out.data_ptr<float>(),\n num_nodes\n );\n return out;\n}\n'''\n\ncpp_source = '''\ntorch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores);\n'''\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n self.op = load_inline(\n name='csr_softmax',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['csr_softmax_cuda'],\n verbose=False\n )\n\n def forward(self, row_ptr, edge_scores):\n row_ptr = row_ptr.to(torch.int32).cuda().contiguous()\n edge_scores = edge_scores.to(torch.float32).cuda().contiguous()\n return self.op.csr_softmax_cuda(row_ptr, edge_scores)\n```" }
result ← submit_kernel (fail)
failsubmit_kernel submit_kernel FAILED: kernel did not compile. Syntax error in custom generated code or ModelNew not found
final submitted kernel (94 lines, 2,882 chars) — full source, untruncated
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline

cuda_source = r'''
#include <torch/extension.h>
#include <cuda.h>
#include <cuda_runtime.h>
#include <cstdint>

__device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_max(float val) {
    for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) {
        val = fmaxf(val, __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset));
    }
    return val;
}

__device__ __forceinline__ float warp_reduce_sum(float val) {
    for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset /= 2) {
        val += __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, val, offset);
    }
    return val;
}

__global__ void csr_softmax_kernel(
    const int32_t* __restrict__ row_ptr,
    const float* __restrict__ edge_scores,
    float* __restrict__ out,
    int num_nodes
) {
    int node = blockIdx.x;
    if (node >= num_nodes) return;
    int start = row_ptr[node];
    int end = row_ptr[node + 1];
    int len = end - start;
    if (len <= 0) return;
    int tid = threadIdx.x;
    float local_max = -INFINITY;
    for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {
        local_max = fmaxf(local_max, edge_scores[start + i]);
    }
    float row_max = warp_reduce_max(local_max);
    row_max = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_max, 0);
    float local_sum = 0.0f;
    for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {
        float val = expf(edge_scores[start + i] - row_max);
        out[start + i] = val;
        local_sum += val;
    }
    float row_sum = warp_reduce_sum(local_sum);
    row_sum = __shfl_sync(0xffffffff, row_sum, 0);
    for (int i = tid; i < len; i += 32) {
        out[start + i] /= row_sum;
    }
}

torch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores) {
    TORCH_CHECK(row_ptr.dtype() == torch::kInt32, "row_ptr must be int32");
    TORCH_CHECK(edge_scores.dtype() == torch::kFloat32, "edge_scores must be float32");
    TORCH_CHECK(row_ptr.is_cuda(), "row_ptr must be CUDA");
    int num_nodes = row_ptr.size(0) - 1;
    auto out = torch::empty_like(edge_scores);
    dim3 grid(num_nodes);
    dim3 block(32);
    csr_softmax_kernel<<<grid, block>>>(
        row_ptr.data_ptr<int32_t>(),
        edge_scores.data_ptr<float>(),
        out.data_ptr<float>(),
        num_nodes
    );
    return out;
}
'''

cpp_source = '''
torch::Tensor csr_softmax_cuda(torch::Tensor row_ptr, torch::Tensor edge_scores);
'''

class ModelNew(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.op = load_inline(
            name='csr_softmax',
            cpp_sources=cpp_source,
            cuda_sources=cuda_source,
            functions=['csr_softmax_cuda'],
            verbose=False
        )

    def forward(self, row_ptr, edge_scores):
        row_ptr = row_ptr.to(torch.int32).cuda().contiguous()
        edge_scores = edge_scores.to(torch.float32).cuda().contiguous()
        return self.op.csr_softmax_cuda(row_ptr, edge_scores)
```