incorrect
16_DeepSeekMoECombineScatter.py
started
2026-05-11T21:47:45Z
correctness issue:
timingkernelbench.timing
kernel mean / median / std
—
ref mean / median / std
82.90 / — / 0.34 μs
roofline / occupancynsight_hardware_counters
reference PyTorch source (the prompt the agent sees)
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
class Model(nn.Module):
"""
Weighted expert-output combine back into token-major order.
Expert outputs are scattered back to token positions and scaled by the
routing weight associated with each expert contribution.
"""
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
def forward(
self,
expert_hidden: torch.Tensor,
token_idx: torch.Tensor,
gates: torch.Tensor,
num_tokens: int,
) -> torch.Tensor:
out = torch.zeros(num_tokens, expert_hidden.shape[1], dtype=expert_hidden.dtype, device=expert_hidden.device)
for row in range(expert_hidden.shape[0]):
token = int(token_idx[row].item())
out[token] += gates[row] * expert_hidden[row]
return out
num_tokens = 1536
hidden_dim = 128
fanout = 2
def get_inputs():
return popcorn_pri.moe_combine_inputs(num_tokens, hidden_dim, fanout)
def get_init_inputs():
return []
turn 0443.2s turn · 4.1s LLM · 439.2s tools · tokens in=2,089 · out=286 · total=2,375
reasoning
Let me analyze the task. I need to replace a PyTorch model that performs a weighted expert-output combine back into token-major order.
The reference implementation:
1. Creates an output tensor of shape `(num_tokens, hidden_dim)` initialized to zeros
2. For each row in `expert_hidden`, it:
- Gets the token index from `token_idx[row]`
- Adds `gates[row] * expert_hidden[row]` to `out[token]`
This is essentially a scatter-add operation where:
- `expert_hidden` has shape `(num_tokens * fanout, hidden_dim)`
- `token_idx` has shape `(num_tokens * fanout,)` - each entry tells which token this row belongs to
- `gates` has shape `(num_tokens * fanout,)` - the routing weight for each expert output
- We scatter-add `gates[i] * expert_hidden[i]` to `out[token_idx[i]]`
Let me first get the GPU specs to understand what I'm working with.
assistantI'll start by understanding the task and the GPU specs, then write and optimize a CUDA kernel.
**Analysis:**
The reference does a scatter-add: for each expert output row, multiply by the gate weight and add to the corresponding token position in the output. This is essentially `scatter_add` with scaling.
call → get_gpu_specs
callget_gpu_specs
{}
call → ert_roofline
callert_roofline
{}
result ← get_gpu_specs (ok)
okget_gpu_specs
GPU specs for NVIDIA H100 80GB HBM3:
total memory (runtime): 79.1 GB
spec entry: H100
GPU Architecture: Hopper
GPU Memory: 80GB
Memory Bandwidth: 3.35 TB/s
FP64 TFLOPS: 34
FP64 Tensor Core TFLOPS: 67
FP32 TFLOPS: 67
TF32 Tensor Core TFLOPS: 989 with sparsity
BFLOAT16 Tensore Core TFLOPS: 1979 with sparsity
FP16 Tensor Core TFLOPS: 1979 with sparsity
FP8 Tensor Core TFLOPS: 3958 with sparsity
INT8 Tensor Core TOPS: 3958 with sparsity
Register File Size: 64K 32-bit registers per SM
Maximum number of registers per thread: 255
Maximum number of thread blocks per SM: 32
Shared memory capacity per SM: 228 KB
Maximum shared memory per thread block: 227 KB
result ← ert_roofline (ok)
okert_roofline
ert_roofline PASSED: empirical roofline benchmarks complete.
=== Empirical Roofline Model ===
Device: NVIDIA H100 80GB HBM3
--- Measured Bandwidth ---
L1 13.6 GB/s (working set: 32 KB)
L2 927.6 GB/s (working set: 2048 KB)
DRAM 2577.3 GB/s (working set: 262144 KB)
--- Measured Compute Throughput ---
FP32 51.85 TFLOPS
FP16 (tensor core) 758.77 TFLOPS
Ridge point (FP32): 20.12 FLOPs/byte
Kernels with arithmetic intensity below the ridge point are
memory-bound; above it they are compute-bound.
turn 1267.5s turn · 6.6s LLM · 260.8s tools · tokens in=2,586 · out=636 · total=3,222
reasoning
Now let me write a basic CUDA kernel for this scatter-add operation. I need to:
1. Zero the output buffer
2. For each expert row, scatter-add to the corresponding token position with gate scaling
The problem size is:
- num_tokens = 1536
- hidden_dim = 128
- fanout = 2
- Total expert rows = 1536 * 2 = 3072
- Total output elements = 1536 * 128 = 196,608
Let me write the kernel:
assistantNow let me write the CUDA kernel. The operation is a scatter-add with gating: for each expert row, multiply by gate weight and add to the corresponding token position.
call → compile_kernel
callcompile_kernel
{
"kernel_code": "import torch\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = \"\"\"\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__global__ void scatter_add_gated_kernel(\n const float* __restrict__ expert_hidden,\n const int* __restrict__ token_idx,\n const float* __restrict__ gates,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int num_experts,\n int hidden_dim\n) {\n int row = blockIdx.x;\n int col = threadIdx.x;\n \n if (row < num_experts && col < hidden_dim) {\n int token = token_idx[row];\n float gate = gates[row];\n float val = expert_hidden[row * hidden_dim + col];\n atomicAdd(&out[token * hidden_dim + col], gate * val);\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(\n torch::Tensor expert_hidden,\n torch::Tensor token_idx,\n torch::Tensor gates,\n int num_tokens\n) {\n int num_experts = expert_hidden.size(0);\n int hidden_dim = expert_hidden.size(1);\n \n auto out = torch::zeros({num_tokens, hidden_dim}, expert_hidden.options());\n \n int threads = (hidden_dim + 31) / 32 * 32; // Round up to warp size\n int blocks = num_experts;\n \n scatter_add_gated_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(\n expert_hidden.data_ptr<float>(),\n token_idx.data_ptr<int>(),\n gates.data_ptr<float>(),\n out.data_ptr<float>(),\n num_experts,\n hidden_dim\n );\n \n return out;\n}\n\"\"\"\n\ncpp_source = \"torch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(torch::Tensor expert_hidden, torch::Tensor token_idx, torch::Tensor gates, int num_tokens);\"\n\nscatter_ext = load_inline(\n name='scatter_add_gated',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['scatter_add_gated_cuda'],\n extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'],\n verbose=True\n)\n\nclass ModelNew:\n def __init__(self):\n pass\n \n def forward(self, expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens):\n return scatter_ext.scatter_add_gated_cuda(expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens)"
}
result ← compile_kernel (ok)
okcompile_kernel
compile_kernel PASSED: kernel compiled without errors.
turn 2242.8s turn · 4.7s LLM · 238.1s tools · tokens in=3,123 · out=503 · total=3,626
reasoning
The compilation passed. Now let me run the correctness check.
call → run_correctness
callrun_correctness
{
"kernel_code": "import torch\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = \"\"\"\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__global__ void scatter_add_gated_kernel(\n const float* __restrict__ expert_hidden,\n const int* __restrict__ token_idx,\n const float* __restrict__ gates,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int num_experts,\n int hidden_dim\n) {\n int row = blockIdx.x;\n int col = threadIdx.x;\n \n if (row < num_experts && col < hidden_dim) {\n int token = token_idx[row];\n float gate = gates[row];\n float val = expert_hidden[row * hidden_dim + col];\n atomicAdd(&out[token * hidden_dim + col], gate * val);\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(\n torch::Tensor expert_hidden,\n torch::Tensor token_idx,\n torch::Tensor gates,\n int num_tokens\n) {\n int num_experts = expert_hidden.size(0);\n int hidden_dim = expert_hidden.size(1);\n \n auto out = torch::zeros({num_tokens, hidden_dim}, expert_hidden.options());\n \n int threads = (hidden_dim + 31) / 32 * 32; // Round up to warp size\n int blocks = num_experts;\n \n scatter_add_gated_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(\n expert_hidden.data_ptr<float>(),\n token_idx.data_ptr<int>(),\n gates.data_ptr<float>(),\n out.data_ptr<float>(),\n num_experts,\n hidden_dim\n );\n \n return out;\n}\n\"\"\"\n\ncpp_source = \"torch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(torch::Tensor expert_hidden, torch::Tensor token_idx, torch::Tensor gates, int num_tokens);\"\n\nscatter_ext = load_inline(\n name='scatter_add_gated',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['scatter_add_gated_cuda'],\n extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'],\n verbose=True\n)\n\nclass ModelNew:\n def __init__(self):\n pass\n \n def forward(self, expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens):\n return scatter_ext.scatter_add_gated_cuda(expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens)"
}
result ← run_correctness (fail)
failrun_correctness
correctness_kernel FAILED: AttributeError: 'ModelNew' object has no attribute 'to'
turn 3229.7s turn · 5.3s LLM · 224.4s tools · tokens in=3,635 · out=527 · total=4,162
reasoning
The issue is that ModelNew needs to be a subclass of nn.Module. Let me fix that.
assistantNeed to subclass nn.Module:
call → compile_kernel
callcompile_kernel
{
"kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = \"\"\"\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__global__ void scatter_add_gated_kernel(\n const float* __restrict__ expert_hidden,\n const int* __restrict__ token_idx,\n const float* __restrict__ gates,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int num_experts,\n int hidden_dim\n) {\n int row = blockIdx.x;\n int col = threadIdx.x;\n \n if (row < num_experts && col < hidden_dim) {\n int token = token_idx[row];\n float gate = gates[row];\n float val = expert_hidden[row * hidden_dim + col];\n atomicAdd(&out[token * hidden_dim + col], gate * val);\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(\n torch::Tensor expert_hidden,\n torch::Tensor token_idx,\n torch::Tensor gates,\n int num_tokens\n) {\n int num_experts = expert_hidden.size(0);\n int hidden_dim = expert_hidden.size(1);\n \n auto out = torch::zeros({num_tokens, hidden_dim}, expert_hidden.options());\n \n int threads = (hidden_dim + 31) / 32 * 32; // Round up to warp size\n int blocks = num_experts;\n \n scatter_add_gated_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(\n expert_hidden.data_ptr<float>(),\n token_idx.data_ptr<int>(),\n gates.data_ptr<float>(),\n out.data_ptr<float>(),\n num_experts,\n hidden_dim\n );\n \n return out;\n}\n\"\"\"\n\ncpp_source = \"torch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(torch::Tensor expert_hidden, torch::Tensor token_idx, torch::Tensor gates, int num_tokens);\"\n\nscatter_ext = load_inline(\n name='scatter_add_gated',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['scatter_add_gated_cuda'],\n extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'],\n verbose=False\n)\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n \n def forward(self, expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens):\n return scatter_ext.scatter_add_gated_cuda(expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens)"
}
result ← compile_kernel (ok)
okcompile_kernel
compile_kernel PASSED: kernel compiled without errors.
turn 4287.5s turn · 4.9s LLM · 282.6s tools · tokens in=4,155 · out=510 · total=4,665
reasoning
Good, let me run correctness now.
call → run_correctness
callrun_correctness
{
"kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = \"\"\"\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__global__ void scatter_add_gated_kernel(\n const float* __restrict__ expert_hidden,\n const int* __restrict__ token_idx,\n const float* __restrict__ gates,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int num_experts,\n int hidden_dim\n) {\n int row = blockIdx.x;\n int col = threadIdx.x;\n \n if (row < num_experts && col < hidden_dim) {\n int token = token_idx[row];\n float gate = gates[row];\n float val = expert_hidden[row * hidden_dim + col];\n atomicAdd(&out[token * hidden_dim + col], gate * val);\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(\n torch::Tensor expert_hidden,\n torch::Tensor token_idx,\n torch::Tensor gates,\n int num_tokens\n) {\n int num_experts = expert_hidden.size(0);\n int hidden_dim = expert_hidden.size(1);\n \n auto out = torch::zeros({num_tokens, hidden_dim}, expert_hidden.options());\n \n int threads = (hidden_dim + 31) / 32 * 32; // Round up to warp size\n int blocks = num_experts;\n \n scatter_add_gated_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(\n expert_hidden.data_ptr<float>(),\n token_idx.data_ptr<int>(),\n gates.data_ptr<float>(),\n out.data_ptr<float>(),\n num_experts,\n hidden_dim\n );\n \n return out;\n}\n\"\"\"\n\ncpp_source = \"torch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(torch::Tensor expert_hidden, torch::Tensor token_idx, torch::Tensor gates, int num_tokens);\"\n\nscatter_ext = load_inline(\n name='scatter_add_gated',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['scatter_add_gated_cuda'],\n extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'],\n verbose=False\n)\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n \n def forward(self, expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens):\n return scatter_ext.scatter_add_gated_cuda(expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens)"
}
result ← run_correctness (fail)
failrun_correctness
run_correctness FAILED: ? trials did not all match.
runtime_error: expected scalar type Int but found Float
turn 5231.0s turn · 5.5s LLM · 225.5s tools · tokens in=4,682 · out=576 · total=5,258
reasoning
The error says "expected scalar type Int but found Float" - this is likely an issue with how PyTorch passes integers to the CUDA function. The num_tokens is an int, but we're passing it from Python. Let me fix this by ensuring proper type handling.
assistantThe int type is being confused. Let me fix the signature to cast properly:
call → compile_kernel
callcompile_kernel
{
"kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = \"\"\"\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__global__ void scatter_add_gated_kernel(\n const float* __restrict__ expert_hidden,\n const int* __restrict__ token_idx,\n const float* __restrict__ gates,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int num_experts,\n int hidden_dim\n) {\n int row = blockIdx.x;\n int col = threadIdx.x;\n \n if (row < num_experts && col < hidden_dim) {\n int token = token_idx[row];\n float gate = gates[row];\n float val = expert_hidden[row * hidden_dim + col];\n atomicAdd(&out[token * hidden_dim + col], gate * val);\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(\n torch::Tensor expert_hidden,\n torch::Tensor token_idx,\n torch::Tensor gates,\n int64_t num_tokens\n) {\n int num_experts = expert_hidden.size(0);\n int hidden_dim = expert_hidden.size(1);\n \n auto out = torch::zeros({num_tokens, hidden_dim}, expert_hidden.options());\n \n int threads = (hidden_dim + 31) / 32 * 32; // Round up to warp size\n int blocks = num_experts;\n \n scatter_add_gated_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(\n expert_hidden.data_ptr<float>(),\n token_idx.data_ptr<int>(),\n gates.data_ptr<float>(),\n out.data_ptr<float>(),\n num_experts,\n hidden_dim\n );\n \n return out;\n}\n\"\"\"\n\ncpp_source = \"torch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(torch::Tensor expert_hidden, torch::Tensor token_idx, torch::Tensor gates, int64_t num_tokens);\"\n\nscatter_ext = load_inline(\n name='scatter_add_gated',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['scatter_add_gated_cuda'],\n extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'],\n verbose=False\n)\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n \n def forward(self, expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens):\n return scatter_ext.scatter_add_gated_cuda(expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens)"
}
result ← compile_kernel (ok)
okcompile_kernel
compile_kernel PASSED: kernel compiled without errors.
turn 6323.9s turn · 5.0s LLM · 318.9s tools · tokens in=5,216 · out=512 · total=5,728
reasoning
Now let me check correctness.
call → run_correctness
callrun_correctness
{
"kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = \"\"\"\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__global__ void scatter_add_gated_kernel(\n const float* __restrict__ expert_hidden,\n const int* __restrict__ token_idx,\n const float* __restrict__ gates,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int num_experts,\n int hidden_dim\n) {\n int row = blockIdx.x;\n int col = threadIdx.x;\n \n if (row < num_experts && col < hidden_dim) {\n int token = token_idx[row];\n float gate = gates[row];\n float val = expert_hidden[row * hidden_dim + col];\n atomicAdd(&out[token * hidden_dim + col], gate * val);\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(\n torch::Tensor expert_hidden,\n torch::Tensor token_idx,\n torch::Tensor gates,\n int64_t num_tokens\n) {\n int num_experts = expert_hidden.size(0);\n int hidden_dim = expert_hidden.size(1);\n \n auto out = torch::zeros({num_tokens, hidden_dim}, expert_hidden.options());\n \n int threads = (hidden_dim + 31) / 32 * 32; // Round up to warp size\n int blocks = num_experts;\n \n scatter_add_gated_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(\n expert_hidden.data_ptr<float>(),\n token_idx.data_ptr<int>(),\n gates.data_ptr<float>(),\n out.data_ptr<float>(),\n num_experts,\n hidden_dim\n );\n \n return out;\n}\n\"\"\"\n\ncpp_source = \"torch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(torch::Tensor expert_hidden, torch::Tensor token_idx, torch::Tensor gates, int64_t num_tokens);\"\n\nscatter_ext = load_inline(\n name='scatter_add_gated',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['scatter_add_gated_cuda'],\n extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'],\n verbose=False\n)\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n \n def forward(self, expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens):\n return scatter_ext.scatter_add_gated_cuda(expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens)"
}
result ← run_correctness (fail)
failrun_correctness
run_correctness FAILED: ? trials did not all match.
runtime_error: expected scalar type Int but found Float
turn 7335.4s turn · 7.9s LLM · 327.6s tools · tokens in=5,747 · out=729 · total=6,476
reasoning
The issue is that the num_tokens parameter is passed as an int to the function, but somewhere there's a type mismatch. Let me check the reference implementation signature more carefully.
Actually, looking at the error "expected scalar type Int but found Float", this suggests a tensor type mismatch, not a scalar parameter issue. Let me check if the tensor indices or inputs are the right types.
Wait, the issue might be that token_idx is int32 but I'm passing it as int32. Let me make sure the types match properly. The token_idx in get_inputs() is torch.int32.
Actually, looking again at the function signature, the num_tokens is passed as an integer, but pytorch's type dispatcher might be confusing it with a tensor. Let me try passing it as a c_int from ctypes or making sure the signature is right.
Let me try a different approach - I'll have the function infer num_tokens from the output tensor dimensions or pass it through tensor attributes.
assistantThe issue might be with how we pass num_tokens. Let me check more carefully and use tensor methods:
call → compile_kernel
callcompile_kernel
{
"kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = \"\"\"\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__global__ void scatter_add_gated_kernel(\n const float* __restrict__ expert_hidden,\n const int* __restrict__ token_idx,\n const float* __restrict__ gates,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int num_experts,\n int hidden_dim\n) {\n int row = blockIdx.x;\n int col = threadIdx.x;\n \n if (row < num_experts && col < hidden_dim) {\n int token = token_idx[row];\n float gate = gates[row];\n float val = expert_hidden[row * hidden_dim + col];\n atomicAdd(&out[token * hidden_dim + col], gate * val);\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(\n torch::Tensor expert_hidden,\n torch::Tensor token_idx,\n torch::Tensor gates,\n c10::SymInt num_tokens\n) {\n int num_experts = expert_hidden.size(0);\n int hidden_dim = expert_hidden.size(1);\n int n_tokens = num_tokens.expect_int();\n \n auto out = torch::zeros({n_tokens, hidden_dim}, expert_hidden.options());\n \n int threads = (hidden_dim + 31) / 32 * 32;\n int blocks = num_experts;\n \n scatter_add_gated_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(\n expert_hidden.data_ptr<float>(),\n token_idx.data_ptr<int>(),\n gates.data_ptr<float>(),\n out.data_ptr<float>(),\n num_experts,\n hidden_dim\n );\n \n return out;\n}\n\"\"\"\n\ncpp_source = \"torch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(torch::Tensor expert_hidden, torch::Tensor token_idx, torch::Tensor gates, c10::SymInt num_tokens);\"\n\nscatter_ext = load_inline(\n name='scatter_add_gated',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['scatter_add_gated_cuda'],\n extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'],\n verbose=False\n)\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n \n def forward(self, expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens):\n return scatter_ext.scatter_add_gated_cuda(expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens)"
}
result ← compile_kernel (ok)
okcompile_kernel
compile_kernel PASSED: kernel compiled without errors.
turn 8187.5s turn · 5.1s LLM · 182.3s tools · tokens in=6,292 · out=519 · total=6,811
reasoning
Let me check the correctness again.
call → run_correctness
callrun_correctness
{
"kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = \"\"\"\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__global__ void scatter_add_gated_kernel(\n const float* __restrict__ expert_hidden,\n const int* __restrict__ token_idx,\n const float* __restrict__ gates,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int num_experts,\n int hidden_dim\n) {\n int row = blockIdx.x;\n int col = threadIdx.x;\n \n if (row < num_experts && col < hidden_dim) {\n int token = token_idx[row];\n float gate = gates[row];\n float val = expert_hidden[row * hidden_dim + col];\n atomicAdd(&out[token * hidden_dim + col], gate * val);\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(\n torch::Tensor expert_hidden,\n torch::Tensor token_idx,\n torch::Tensor gates,\n c10::SymInt num_tokens\n) {\n int num_experts = expert_hidden.size(0);\n int hidden_dim = expert_hidden.size(1);\n int n_tokens = num_tokens.expect_int();\n \n auto out = torch::zeros({n_tokens, hidden_dim}, expert_hidden.options());\n \n int threads = (hidden_dim + 31) / 32 * 32;\n int blocks = num_experts;\n \n scatter_add_gated_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(\n expert_hidden.data_ptr<float>(),\n token_idx.data_ptr<int>(),\n gates.data_ptr<float>(),\n out.data_ptr<float>(),\n num_experts,\n hidden_dim\n );\n \n return out;\n}\n\"\"\"\n\ncpp_source = \"torch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(torch::Tensor expert_hidden, torch::Tensor token_idx, torch::Tensor gates, c10::SymInt num_tokens);\"\n\nscatter_ext = load_inline(\n name='scatter_add_gated',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['scatter_add_gated_cuda'],\n extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'],\n verbose=False\n)\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n \n def forward(self, expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens):\n return scatter_ext.scatter_add_gated_cuda(expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens)"
}
result ← run_correctness (fail)
failrun_correctness
run_correctness FAILED: ? trials did not all match.
runtime_error: expected scalar type Int but found Float
turn 9271.9s turn · 5.2s LLM · 266.6s tools · tokens in=6,829 · out=559 · total=7,388
reasoning
This is frustrating. Let me try passing num_tokens as a tensor instead:
assistantLet me try a different approach - passing num_tokens via a tensor:
call → compile_kernel
callcompile_kernel
{
"kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = \"\"\"\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__global__ void scatter_add_gated_kernel(\n const float* __restrict__ expert_hidden,\n const int* __restrict__ token_idx,\n const float* __restrict__ gates,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int num_experts,\n int hidden_dim\n) {\n int row = blockIdx.x;\n int col = threadIdx.x;\n \n if (row < num_experts && col < hidden_dim) {\n int token = token_idx[row];\n float gate = gates[row];\n float val = expert_hidden[row * hidden_dim + col];\n atomicAdd(&out[token * hidden_dim + col], gate * val);\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(\n torch::Tensor expert_hidden,\n torch::Tensor token_idx,\n torch::Tensor gates,\n torch::Tensor num_tokens\n) {\n int num_experts = expert_hidden.size(0);\n int hidden_dim = expert_hidden.size(1);\n int n_tokens = num_tokens.item<int>();\n \n auto out = torch::zeros({n_tokens, hidden_dim}, expert_hidden.options());\n \n int threads = (hidden_dim + 31) / 32 * 32;\n int blocks = num_experts;\n \n scatter_add_gated_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(\n expert_hidden.data_ptr<float>(),\n token_idx.data_ptr<int>(),\n gates.data_ptr<float>(),\n out.data_ptr<float>(),\n num_experts,\n hidden_dim\n );\n \n return out;\n}\n\"\"\"\n\ncpp_source = \"torch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(torch::Tensor expert_hidden, torch::Tensor token_idx, torch::Tensor gates, torch::Tensor num_tokens);\"\n\nscatter_ext = load_inline(\n name='scatter_add_gated',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['scatter_add_gated_cuda'],\n extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'],\n verbose=False\n)\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n \n def forward(self, expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens):\n num_tokens_tensor = torch.tensor([num_tokens], dtype=torch.int32, device=expert_hidden.device)\n return scatter_ext.scatter_add_gated_cuda(expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens_tensor)"
}
result ← compile_kernel (ok)
okcompile_kernel
compile_kernel PASSED: kernel compiled without errors.
turn 10258.1s turn · 5.0s LLM · 253.0s tools · tokens in=7,386 · out=536 · total=7,922
reasoning
Let me run correctness now.
call → run_correctness
callrun_correctness
{
"kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = \"\"\"\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__global__ void scatter_add_gated_kernel(\n const float* __restrict__ expert_hidden,\n const int* __restrict__ token_idx,\n const float* __restrict__ gates,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int num_experts,\n int hidden_dim\n) {\n int row = blockIdx.x;\n int col = threadIdx.x;\n \n if (row < num_experts && col < hidden_dim) {\n int token = token_idx[row];\n float gate = gates[row];\n float val = expert_hidden[row * hidden_dim + col];\n atomicAdd(&out[token * hidden_dim + col], gate * val);\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(\n torch::Tensor expert_hidden,\n torch::Tensor token_idx,\n torch::Tensor gates,\n torch::Tensor num_tokens\n) {\n int num_experts = expert_hidden.size(0);\n int hidden_dim = expert_hidden.size(1);\n int n_tokens = num_tokens.item<int>();\n \n auto out = torch::zeros({n_tokens, hidden_dim}, expert_hidden.options());\n \n int = (hidden_dim + 31) / 32 * 32;\n int blocks = num_experts;\n \n scatter_add_gated_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(\n expert_hidden.data_ptr<float>(),\n token_idx.data_ptr<int>(),\n gates.data_ptr<float>(),\n out.data_ptr<float>(),\n num_experts,\n hidden_dim\n );\n \n return out;\n}\n\"\"\"\n\ncpp_source = \"torch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(torch::Tensor expert_hidden, torch::Tensor token_idx, torch::Tensor gates, torch::Tensor num_tokens);\"\n\nscatter_ext = load_inline(\n name='scatter_add_gated',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['scatter_add_gated_cuda'],\n extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'],\n verbose=False\n)\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n \n def forward(self, expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens):\n num_tokens_tensor = torch.tensor([num_tokens], dtype=torch.int32, device=expert_hidden.device)\n return scatter_ext.scatter_add_gated_cuda(expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens_tensor)"
}
result ← run_correctness (fail)
failrun_correctness
run_correctness FAILED: kernel did not compile.
/scratch/abaner/KernelBench/runs/pop_l123_all_gpt/popcorn/FW-GLM-5-1/level_1_problem_16_cache/k_d6b5dac03b2d/scatter_add_gated/scatter_add_gated_v5.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
turn 11397.5s turn · 6.6s LLM · 390.9s tools · tokens in=8,000 · out=566 · total=8,566
reasoning
Looks like I have a typo in my kernel code - "int threads" became "int = " - let me fix that.
assistantI have a typo - let me fix it:
call → compile_kernel
callcompile_kernel
{
"kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = \"\"\"\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__global__ void scatter_add_gated_kernel(\n const float* __restrict__ expert_hidden,\n const int* __restrict__ token_idx,\n const float* __restrict__ gates,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int num_experts,\n int hidden_dim\n) {\n int row = blockIdx.x;\n int col = threadIdx.x;\n \n if (row < num_experts && col < hidden_dim) {\n int token = token_idx[row];\n float gate = gates[row];\n float val = expert_hidden[row * hidden_dim + col];\n atomicAdd(&out[token * hidden_dim + col], gate * val);\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(\n torch::Tensor expert_hidden,\n torch::Tensor token_idx,\n torch::Tensor gates,\n torch::Tensor num_tokens\n) {\n int num_experts = expert_hidden.size(0);\n int hidden_dim = expert_hidden.size(1);\n int n_tokens = num_tokens.item<int>();\n \n auto out = torch::zeros({n_tokens, hidden_dim}, expert_hidden.options());\n \n int threads = (hidden_dim + 31) / 32 * 32;\n int blocks = num_experts;\n \n scatter_add_gated_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(\n expert_hidden.data_ptr<float>(),\n token_idx.data_ptr<int>(),\n gates.data_ptr<float>(),\n out.data_ptr<float>(),\n num_experts,\n hidden_dim\n );\n \n return out;\n}\n\"\"\"\n\ncpp_source = \"torch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(torch::Tensor expert_hidden, torch::Tensor token_idx, torch::Tensor gates, torch::Tensor num_tokens);\"\n\nscatter_ext = load_inline(\n name='scatter_add_gated',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['scatter_add_gated_cuda'],\n extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'],\n verbose=False\n)\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n \n def forward(self, expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens):\n num_tokens_tensor = torch.tensor([num_tokens], dtype=torch.int32, device=expert_hidden.device)\n return scatter_ext.scatter_add_gated_cuda(expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens_tensor)"
}
result ← compile_kernel (ok)
okcompile_kernel
compile_kernel PASSED: kernel compiled without errors.
turn 12263.3s turn · 5.2s LLM · 258.1s tools · tokens in=8,585 · out=546 · total=9,131
reasoning
Let me run the correctness check first to see if my kernel is correct.
call → run_correctness
callrun_correctness
{
"kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = \"\"\"\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__global__ void scatter_add_gated_kernel(\n const float* __restrict__ expert_hidden,\n const int* __restrict__ token_idx,\n const float* __restrict__ gates,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int num_experts,\n int hidden_dim\n) {\n int row = blockIdx.x;\n int col = threadIdx.x;\n \n if (row < num_experts && col < hidden_dim) {\n int token = token_idx[row];\n float gate = gates[row];\n float val = expert_hidden[row * hidden_dim + col];\n atomicAdd(&out[token * hidden_dim + col], gate * val);\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(\n torch::Tensor expert_hidden,\n torch::Tensor token_idx,\n torch::Tensor gates,\n torch::Tensor num_tokens\n) {\n int num_experts = expert_hidden.size(0);\n int hidden_dim = expert_hidden.size(1);\n int n_tokens = num_tokens.item<int>();\n \n auto out = torch::zeros({n_tokens, hidden_dim}, expert_hidden.options());\n \n int threads = (hidden_dim + 31) / 32 * 32;\n int blocks = num_experts;\n \n scatter_add_gated_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(\n expert_hidden.data_ptr<float>(),\n token_idx.data_ptr<int>(),\n gates.data_ptr<float>(),\n out.data_ptr<float>(),\n num_experts,\n hidden_dim\n );\n \n return out;\n}\n\"\"\"\n\ncpp_source = \"torch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(torch::Tensor expert_hidden, torch::Tensor token_idx, torch::Tensor gates, torch::Tensor num_tokens);\"\n\nscatter_ext = load_inline(\n name='scatter_add_gated',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['scatter_add_gated_cuda'],\n extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'],\n verbose=False\n)\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n \n def forward(self, expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens):\n num_tokens_tensor = torch.tensor([num_tokens], dtype=torch.int32, device=expert_hidden.device)\n return scatter_ext.scatter_add_gated_cuda(expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens_tensor)"
}
result ← run_correctness (fail)
failrun_correctness
run_correctness FAILED: ? trials did not all match.
runtime_error: expected scalar type Int but found Float
turn 13353.1s turn · 8.1s LLM · 345.0s tools · tokens in=9,173 · out=771 · total=9,944
reasoning
The error "expected scalar type Int but found Float" is persistent. Let me think about what could cause this. The num_tokens parameter in Python is an int, but when I wrap it in a tensor, it might be creating issues.
Let me try a simpler approach - use LONG_MAX or similar scalar type, or maybe just accept that num_tokens can be computed from the tensor shapes directly.
Actually, looking at the reference code, num_tokens is passed as a Python int. Let me see if I can just compute it from the output tensor size or from token_idx.
Wait - the issue might be that `num_tokens.item<int>()` needs the tensor to be on CPU, or there's a type mismatch. Let me try a different approach - pass num_tokens directly as a scalar argument that's extracted on the Python side.
Actually, let me just compute num_tokens from the token_idx tensor - we can find the max value + 1 or just use the actual tensor shape.
assistantLet me try computing num_tokens from the input tensors instead of passing it separately:
call → compile_kernel
callcompile_kernel
{
"kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = \"\"\"\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__global__ void scatter_add_gated_kernel(\n const float* __restrict__ expert_hidden,\n const int* __restrict__ token_idx,\n const float* __restrict__ gates,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int num_experts,\n int hidden_dim\n) {\n int row = blockIdx.x;\n int col = threadIdx.x;\n \n if (row < num_experts && col < hidden_dim) {\n int token = token_idx[row];\n float gate = gates[row];\n float val = expert_hidden[row * hidden_dim + col];\n atomicAdd(&out[token * hidden_dim + col], gate * val);\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(\n torch::Tensor expert_hidden,\n torch::Tensor token_idx,\n torch::Tensor gates\n) {\n int num_experts = expert_hidden.size(0);\n int hidden_dim = expert_hidden.size(1);\n \n // Compute num_tokens as max token_idx + 1\n auto token_idx_accessor = token_idx.accessor<int, 1>();\n int n_tokens = 0;\n for (int i = 0; i < num_experts; i++) {\n n_tokens = std::max(n_tokens, token_idx_accessor[i] + 1);\n }\n \n auto out = torch::zeros({n_tokens, hidden_dim}, expert_hidden.options());\n \n int threads = (hidden_dim + 31) / 32 * 32;\n int blocks = num_experts;\n \n scatter_add_gated_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(\n expert_hidden.data_ptr<float>(),\n token_idx.data_ptr<int>(),\n gates.data_ptr<float>(),\n out.data_ptr<float>(),\n num_experts,\n hidden_dim\n );\n \n return out;\n}\n\"\"\"\n\ncpp_source = \"torch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(torch::Tensor expert_hidden, torch::Tensor token_idx, torch::Tensor gates);\"\n\nscatter_ext = load_inline(\n name='scatter_add_gated',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['scatter_add_gated_cuda'],\n extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'],\n verbose=False\n)\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n \n def forward(self, expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens):\n return scatter_ext.scatter_add_gated_cuda(expert_hidden, token_idx, gates)"
}
result ← compile_kernel (ok)
okcompile_kernel
compile_kernel PASSED: kernel compiled without errors.
turn 14298.4s turn · 5.2s LLM · 293.2s tools · tokens in=9,848 · out=570 · total=10,418
reasoning
Let me check correctness first, then submit if it works.
call → run_correctness
callrun_correctness
{
"kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\ncuda_source = \"\"\"\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__global__ void scatter_add_gated_kernel(\n const float* __restrict__ expert_hidden,\n const int* __restrict__ token_idx,\n const float* __restrict__ gates,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int num_experts,\n int hidden_dim\n) {\n int row = blockIdx.x;\n int col = threadIdx.x;\n \n if (row < num_experts && col < hidden_dim) {\n int token = token_idx[row];\n float gate = gates[row];\n float val = expert_hidden[row * hidden_dim + col];\n atomicAdd(&out[token * hidden_dim + col], gate * val);\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(\n torch::Tensor expert_hidden,\n torch::Tensor token_idx,\n torch::Tensor gates\n) {\n int num_experts = expert_hidden.size(0);\n int hidden_dim = expert_hidden.size(1);\n \n // Compute num_tokens as max token_idx + 1\n auto token_idx_accessor = token_idx.accessor<int, 1>();\n int n_tokens = 0;\n for (int i = 0; i < num_experts; i++) {\n n_tokens = std::max(n_tokens, token_idx_accessor[i] + 1);\n }\n \n auto out = torch::zeros({n_tokens, hidden_dim}, expert_hidden.options());\n \n int threads = (hidden_dim + 31) / 32 * 32;\n int blocks = num_experts;\n \n scatter_add_gated_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(\n expert_hidden.data_ptr<float>(),\n token_idx.data_ptr<int>(),\n gates.data_ptr<float>(),\n out.data_ptr<float>(),\n num_experts,\n hidden_dim\n );\n \n return out;\n}\n\"\"\"\n\ncpp_source = \"torch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(torch::Tensor expert_hidden, torch::Tensor token_idx, torch::Tensor gates);\"\n\nscatter_ext = load_inline(\n name='scatter_add_gated',\n cpp_sources=cpp_source,\n cuda_sources=cuda_source,\n functions=['scatter_add_gated_cuda'],\n extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'],\n verbose=False\n)\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n \n def forward(self, expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens):\n return scatter_ext.scatter_add_gated_cuda(expert_hidden, token_idx, gates)"
}
result ← run_correctness (fail)
failrun_correctness
run_correctness FAILED: ? trials did not all match.
runtime_error: expected scalar type Int but found Float
turn 15189.3s turn · 0.0s LLM · 189.3s tools · FINAL
result ← submit_kernel (fail)
failsubmit_kernel
submit_kernel FAILED: correctness check did not pass (? trials).
runtime_error: expected scalar type Int but found Float
final submitted kernel (78 lines, 2,195 chars) — full source, untruncated
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline
cuda_source = """
#include <torch/extension.h>
#include <cuda.h>
#include <cuda_runtime.h>
__global__ void scatter_add_gated_kernel(
const float* __restrict__ expert_hidden,
const int* __restrict__ token_idx,
const float* __restrict__ gates,
float* __restrict__ out,
int num_experts,
int hidden_dim
) {
int row = blockIdx.x;
int col = threadIdx.x;
if (row < num_experts && col < hidden_dim) {
int token = token_idx[row];
float gate = gates[row];
float val = expert_hidden[row * hidden_dim + col];
atomicAdd(&out[token * hidden_dim + col], gate * val);
}
}
torch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(
torch::Tensor expert_hidden,
torch::Tensor token_idx,
torch::Tensor gates
) {
int num_experts = expert_hidden.size(0);
int hidden_dim = expert_hidden.size(1);
// Compute num_tokens as max token_idx + 1
auto token_idx_accessor = token_idx.accessor<int, 1>();
int n_tokens = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < num_experts; i++) {
n_tokens = std::max(n_tokens, token_idx_accessor[i] + 1);
}
auto out = torch::zeros({n_tokens, hidden_dim}, expert_hidden.options());
int threads = (hidden_dim + 31) / 32 * 32;
int blocks = num_experts;
scatter_add_gated_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(
expert_hidden.data_ptr<float>(),
token_idx.data_ptr<int>(),
gates.data_ptr<float>(),
out.data_ptr<float>(),
num_experts,
hidden_dim
);
return out;
}
"""
cpp_source = "torch::Tensor scatter_add_gated_cuda(torch::Tensor expert_hidden, torch::Tensor token_idx, torch::Tensor gates);"
scatter_ext = load_inline(
name='scatter_add_gated',
cpp_sources=cpp_source,
cuda_sources=cuda_source,
functions=['scatter_add_gated_cuda'],
extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'],
verbose=False
)
class ModelNew(nn.Module):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
def forward(self, expert_hidden, token_idx, gates, num_tokens):
return scatter_ext.scatter_add_gated_cuda(expert_hidden, token_idx, gates)