gpt-5.5-priority · original · l3_default_gpt
correct 12_VGG19.py
model
gpt-5.5-priority
turns / max
7 / 15
tool calls
7
tokens (total)
0
wall clock
—
truncated
no
backend
cuda fp32
variant
original
runtime
2.83 μs
ref runtime
3.76 μs
speedup
1.33x
started
2026-05-04T21:49:09Z
timingkernelbench.timing
kernel runtime
2.83 μs
ref runtime
3.76 μs
speedup
1.33x
kernel mean / median / std
2.83 / — / 1.57 μs
ref mean / median / std
3.76 / — / 0.01 μs
numerical precisioneval_kernel_against_ref
max abs error
1.91e-07
mean abs error
3.75e-08
max rel error
0.01
mean rel error
1.99e-05
gpu memoryextended_metrics.measure_memory
kernel peak
1380.96 MB
ref peak
1626.96 MB
kernel / ref
0.85x
kernel launches / fusiontorch.profiler
kernel launches
165
ref launches
177
fusion ratio (ref / kernel)
1.07x
total cuda time
11819 μs
energyNVML (pynvml)
kernel mJ / run
253.92
ref mJ / run
1271.68
ratio (ref / kernel)
5.01x
avg power
97.63 W
ref avg power
337.96 W
SOL (speed-of-light)heuristic_from_speedup
SOL score (0–1)
0.133
dram util %
—
compute util %
—
bottleneck
unknown
dominant pipe
—
arithmetic intensity
—
ridge point
—
roofline / occupancyheuristic
dram bandwidth
—
dram util %
—
fp32 tflops
—
fp32 util %
—
fp16 tflops
—
occupancy %
—
bottleneck
—
dominant pipe %
—
arithmetic intensity
—
ridge point
—
L1 hit %
—
L2 hit %
—
ld sectors / req
—
st sectors / req
—
regs / thread
—
smem / block
—
block size
—
peak bw
—
peak fp32 tflops
—
peak fp16 tflops
—
reference PyTorch source (the prompt the agent sees)
import torch
import torch.nn as nn

class Model(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, num_classes=1000):
        """
        Initialize the VGG19 model.

        :param num_classes: The number of output classes (default is 1000 for ImageNet)
        """
        super(Model, self).__init__()
        
        # VGG19 architecture: 16 Conv layers + 5 MaxPool layers + 3 Fully Connected layers
        self.features = nn.Sequential(
            # Block 1
            nn.Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=3, padding=1),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(64, 64, kernel_size=3, padding=1),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),
            
            # Block 2
            nn.Conv2d(64, 128, kernel_size=3, padding=1),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=3, padding=1),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),
            
            # Block 3
            nn.Conv2d(128, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),
            
            # Block 4
            nn.Conv2d(256, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),
            
            # Block 5
            nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2)
        )
        
        self.classifier = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Linear(512 * 7 * 7, 4096),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Dropout(p=0.0),
            nn.Linear(4096, 4096),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Dropout(p=0.0),
            nn.Linear(4096, num_classes)
        )
    
    def forward(self, x):
        """
        Forward pass of the VGG19 model.

        :param x: The input tensor, shape (batch_size, 3, 224, 224)
        :return: The output tensor, shape (batch_size, num_classes)
        """
        x = self.features(x)
        x = torch.flatten(x, 1)
        x = self.classifier(x)
        return x

# Test code
batch_size = 10
num_classes = 1000

def get_inputs():
    return [torch.rand(batch_size, 3, 224, 224)]

def get_init_inputs():
    return [num_classes]
turn 09.5s turn · 9.5s LLM · 0.0s tools
call → get_gpu_specs
callget_gpu_specs {}
result ← get_gpu_specs (ok)
okget_gpu_specs GPU specs for NVIDIA H100 80GB HBM3: total memory (runtime): 79.1 GB spec entry: H100 GPU Architecture: Hopper GPU Memory: 80GB Memory Bandwidth: 3.35 TB/s FP64 TFLOPS: 34 FP64 Tensor Core TFLOPS: 67 FP32 TFLOPS: 67 TF32 Tensor Core TFLOPS: 989 with sparsity BFLOAT16 Tensore Core TFLOPS: 1979 with sparsity FP16 Tensor Core TFLOPS: 1979 with sparsity FP8 Tensor Core TFLOPS: 3958 with sparsity INT8 Tensor Core TOPS: 3958 with sparsity Register File Size: 64K 32-bit registers per SM Maximum number of registers per thread: 255 Maximum number of thread blocks per SM: 32 Shared memory capacity per SM: 228 KB Maximum shared memory per thread block: 227 KB
turn 1 · 1 tool call(s) · 32.5s turn · 32.5s LLM · 6,301 chars (click to expand)
turn 132.5s turn · 32.5s LLM · 0.0s tools
call → compile_kernel
callcompile_kernel { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nimport torch.nn.functional as F\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\n_cpp_src = r\"\"\"\ntorch::Tensor relu_maxpool2d_cl(torch::Tensor x);\n\"\"\"\n_cuda_src = r\"\"\"\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n#include <cfloat>\n\n__global__ void relu_maxpool2d_cl_kernel(const float* __restrict__ x, float* __restrict__ y,\n int N, int C, int H, int W, int OH, int OW) {\n int64_t total = (int64_t)N * OH * OW * C;\n int64_t idx = (int64_t)blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n int64_t stride = (int64_t)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int c = idx % C;\n int64_t t = idx / C;\n int ow = t % OW;\n t /= OW;\n int oh = t % OH;\n int n = t / OH;\n int ih = oh * 2;\n int iw = ow * 2;\n int64_t base = ((int64_t)n * H * W * C) + ((int64_t)ih * W + iw) * C + c;\n float m = x[base];\n float v = x[base + C];\n m = v > m ? v : m;\n v = x[base + (int64_t)W * C];\n m = v > m ? v : m;\n v = x[base + (int64_t)(W + 1) * C];\n m = v > m ? v : m;\n if (m < 0.0f) m = 0.0f;\n y[idx] = m;\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor relu_maxpool2d_cl(torch::Tensor x) {\n const int N = (int)x.size(0);\n const int C = (int)x.size(1);\n const int H = (int)x.size(2);\n const int W = (int)x.size(3);\n const int OH = H / 2;\n const int OW = W / 2;\n auto y = torch::empty_strided({N, C, OH, OW}, {C*OH*OW, 1, C*OW, C}, x.options());\n int threads = 256;\n int64_t total = (int64_t)N * OH * OW * C;\n int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);\n if (blocks > 4096) blocks = 4096;\n relu_maxpool2d_cl_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<float>(), y.data_ptr<float>(), N, C, H, W, OH, OW);\n return y;\n}\n\"\"\"\n\n_ext = load_inline(name=\"vgg19_fused_pool_ext\", cpp_sources=_cpp_src, cuda_sources=_cuda_src,\n functions=[\"relu_maxpool2d_cl\"], verbose=False,\n extra_cflags=[\"-O3\"], extra_cuda_cflags=[\"-O3\"])\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, num_classes=1000):\n super(ModelNew, self).__init__()\n self.features = nn.Sequential(\n nn.Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(64, 64, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),\n nn.Conv2d(64, 128, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),\n nn.Conv2d(128, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),\n nn.Conv2d(256, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2)\n )\n self.classifier = nn.Sequential(\n nn.Linear(512 * 7 * 7, 4096),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Dropout(p=0.0),\n nn.Linear(4096, 4096),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Dropout(p=0.0),\n nn.Linear(4096, num_classes)\n )\n self.features.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n\n def forward(self, x):\n x = x.contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n f = self.features\n x = F.relu(f[0](x), inplace=True)\n x = f[2](x)\n x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = F.relu(f[5](x), inplace=True)\n x = f[7](x)\n x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = F.relu(f[10](x), inplace=True)\n x = F.relu(f[12](x), inplace=True)\n x = F.relu(f[14](x), inplace=True)\n x = f[16](x)\n x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = F.relu(f[19](x), inplace=True)\n x = F.relu(f[21](x), inplace=True)\n x = F.relu(f[23](x), inplace=True)\n x = f[25](x)\n x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = F.relu(f[28](x), inplace=True)\n x = F.relu(f[30](x), inplace=True)\n x = F.relu(f[32](x), inplace=True)\n x = f[34](x)\n x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = torch.flatten(x, 1)\n c = self.classifier\n x = F.relu(c[0](x), inplace=True)\n x = F.relu(c[3](x), inplace=True)\n x = c[6](x)\n return x\n" }
result ← compile_kernel (ok)
okcompile_kernel compile_kernel PASSED: kernel compiled without errors.
turn 2 · 1 tool call(s) · 10.9s turn · 10.9s LLM · 6,403 chars (click to expand)
turn 210.9s turn · 10.9s LLM · 0.0s tools
call → run_correctness
callrun_correctness { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nimport torch.nn.functional as F\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\n_cpp_src = r\"\"\"\ntorch::Tensor relu_maxpool2d_cl(torch::Tensor x);\n\"\"\"\n_cuda_src = r\"\"\"\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n#include <cfloat>\n\n__global__ void relu_maxpool2d_cl_kernel(const float* __restrict__ x, float* __restrict__ y,\n int N, int C, int H, int W, int OH, int OW) {\n int64_t total = (int64_t)N * OH * OW * C;\n int64_t idx = (int64_t)blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n int64_t stride = (int64_t)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int c = idx % C;\n int64_t t = idx / C;\n int ow = t % OW;\n t /= OW;\n int oh = t % OH;\n int n = t / OH;\n int ih = oh * 2;\n int iw = ow * 2;\n int64_t base = ((int64_t)n * H * W * C) + ((int64_t)ih * W + iw) * C + c;\n float m = x[base];\n float v = x[base + C];\n m = v > m ? v : m;\n v = x[base + (int64_t)W * C];\n m = v > m ? v : m;\n v = x[base + (int64_t)(W + 1) * C];\n m = v > m ? v : m;\n if (m < 0.0f) m = 0.0f;\n y[idx] = m;\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor relu_maxpool2d_cl(torch::Tensor x) {\n const int N = (int)x.size(0);\n const int C = (int)x.size(1);\n const int H = (int)x.size(2);\n const int W = (int)x.size(3);\n const int OH = H / 2;\n const int OW = W / 2;\n auto y = torch::empty_strided({N, C, OH, OW}, {C*OH*OW, 1, C*OW, C}, x.options());\n int threads = 256;\n int64_t total = (int64_t)N * OH * OW * C;\n int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);\n if (blocks > 4096) blocks = 4096;\n relu_maxpool2d_cl_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<float>(), y.data_ptr<float>(), N, C, H, W, OH, OW);\n return y;\n}\n\"\"\"\n\n_ext = load_inline(name=\"vgg19_fused_pool_ext\", cpp_sources=_cpp_src, cuda_sources=_cuda_src,\n functions=[\"relu_maxpool2d_cl\"], verbose=False,\n extra_cflags=[\"-O3\"], extra_cuda_cflags=[\"-O3\"])\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, num_classes=1000):\n super(ModelNew, self).__init__()\n self.features = nn.Sequential(\n nn.Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(64, 64, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),\n nn.Conv2d(64, 128, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),\n nn.Conv2d(128, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),\n nn.Conv2d(256, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2)\n )\n self.classifier = nn.Sequential(\n nn.Linear(512 * 7 * 7, 4096),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Dropout(p=0.0),\n nn.Linear(4096, 4096),\n nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Dropout(p=0.0),\n nn.Linear(4096, num_classes)\n )\n self.features.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n\n def forward(self, x):\n x = x.contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n f = self.features\n x = F.relu(f[0](x), inplace=True)\n x = f[2](x)\n x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = F.relu(f[5](x), inplace=True)\n x = f[7](x)\n x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = F.relu(f[10](x), inplace=True)\n x = F.relu(f[12](x), inplace=True)\n x = F.relu(f[14](x), inplace=True)\n x = f[16](x)\n x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = F.relu(f[19](x), inplace=True)\n x = F.relu(f[21](x), inplace=True)\n x = F.relu(f[23](x), inplace=True)\n x = f[25](x)\n x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = F.relu(f[28](x), inplace=True)\n x = F.relu(f[30](x), inplace=True)\n x = F.relu(f[32](x), inplace=True)\n x = f[34](x)\n x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = torch.flatten(x, 1)\n c = self.classifier\n x = F.relu(c[0](x), inplace=True)\n x = F.relu(c[3](x), inplace=True)\n x = c[6](x)\n return x\n" }
result ← run_correctness (ok)
okrun_correctness run_correctness PASSED: (5 / 5) trials all matched the reference. Numerical precision: max_abs_err=1.91e-07 mean_abs_err=3.75e-08 max_rel_err=1.07e-02
turn 3 · 1 tool call(s) · 32.2s turn · 32.2s LLM · 9,613 chars (click to expand)
turn 332.2s turn · 32.2s LLM · 0.0s tools
reasoning
**Optimizing performance considerations** I need to know the speed for the upcoming tasks. The submit function gives results, but I might optimize it. Timing diagnostics could help, but maybe I should only focus on submitting it first. I could run correctness checks without timing. I’m thinking about estimating the FLOPs for VGG convolution layers, about 196 GF per image—that stacks up with batch size. Conv layers seem to dominate, and I want to ensure everything aligns with memory formats. There may be potential issues when moving models to CUDA; I need to double-check that. **Considering layer optimizations** I'm thinking about the possibility of fusing ReLU after convolutions, but it’s not feasible. What if I use `torch.backends.cudnn.benchmark = True` when loading the module? That could change timing references, but might not affect the execution context since they operate separately. I need to be cautious of potential reward hacks. Using `torch.set_float32_matmul_precision('high')` could impact outputs and speed, so I should avoid that. Custom compilation for NCHW fused pooling may help to check correctness and speed against the reference, but I suspect channels_last will still be best for performance. **Avoiding unnecessary copies** I'm considering the behavior of `torch.flatten`. If it encounters non-contiguous channels_last, it uses reshape, which results in copying to a contiguous NCHW format. For just 250k elements, that's unnecessary. What if I write the output from the last pooling layer directly in a contiguous NCHW format? That way, I might avoid the flattening copy altogether and keep things efficient. It's all about optimizing performance and reducing overhead, right?
call → compile_kernel
callcompile_kernel { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nimport torch.nn.functional as F\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\n_cpp_src = r\"\"\"\ntorch::Tensor relu_maxpool2d_cl(torch::Tensor x);\ntorch::Tensor relu_maxpool2d_last(torch::Tensor x);\n\"\"\"\n_cuda_src = r\"\"\"\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float relu_f(float v) { return v > 0.0f ? v : 0.0f; }\n__device__ __forceinline__ float max4(float a, float b, float c, float d) { return fmaxf(fmaxf(a,b), fmaxf(c,d)); }\n\n__global__ void relu_maxpool2d_cl_vec4_kernel(const float4* __restrict__ x4, float4* __restrict__ y4,\n int N, int C4, int H, int W, int OH, int OW) {\n int64_t total = (int64_t)N * OH * OW * C4;\n int64_t idx = (int64_t)blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n int64_t stride = (int64_t)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int cv = idx % C4;\n int64_t t = idx / C4;\n int ow = t % OW;\n t /= OW;\n int oh = t % OH;\n int n = t / OH;\n int ih = oh * 2;\n int iw = ow * 2;\n int64_t base = (((int64_t)n * H + ih) * W + iw) * C4 + cv;\n float4 a = x4[base];\n float4 b = x4[base + C4];\n float4 c = x4[base + (int64_t)W * C4];\n float4 d = x4[base + (int64_t)(W + 1) * C4];\n float4 o;\n o.x = relu_f(max4(a.x,b.x,c.x,d.x));\n o.y = relu_f(max4(a.y,b.y,c.y,d.y));\n o.z = relu_f(max4(a.z,b.z,c.z,d.z));\n o.w = relu_f(max4(a.w,b.w,c.w,d.w));\n y4[idx] = o;\n }\n}\n\n__global__ void relu_maxpool2d_last_nchw_kernel(const float* __restrict__ x, float* __restrict__ y,\n int N, int C, int H, int W, int OH, int OW) {\n int64_t total = (int64_t)N * C * OH * OW;\n int64_t idx = (int64_t)blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n int64_t stride = (int64_t)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int ow = idx % OW;\n int64_t t = idx / OW;\n int oh = t % OH;\n t /= OH;\n int c = t % C;\n int n = t / C;\n int ih = oh * 2;\n int iw = ow * 2;\n int64_t base = ((int64_t)n * H * W * C) + ((int64_t)ih * W + iw) * C + c;\n float m = x[base];\n float v = x[base + C]; if (v > m) m = v;\n v = x[base + (int64_t)W * C]; if (v > m) m = v;\n v = x[base + (int64_t)(W + 1) * C]; if (v > m) m = v;\n y[idx] = m > 0.0f ? m : 0.0f;\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor relu_maxpool2d_cl(torch::Tensor x) {\n const int N = (int)x.size(0), C = (int)x.size(1), H = (int)x.size(2), W = (int)x.size(3);\n const int OH = H / 2, OW = W / 2, C4 = C / 4;\n auto y = torch::empty_strided({N, C, OH, OW}, {C*OH*OW, 1, C*OW, C}, x.options());\n int threads = 256;\n int64_t total = (int64_t)N * OH * OW * C4;\n int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);\n if (blocks > 4096) blocks = 4096;\n relu_maxpool2d_cl_vec4_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(reinterpret_cast<const float4*>(x.data_ptr<float>()), reinterpret_cast<float4*>(y.data_ptr<float>()), N, C4, H, W, OH, OW);\n return y;\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor relu_maxpool2d_last(torch::Tensor x) {\n const int N = (int)x.size(0), C = (int)x.size(1), H = (int)x.size(2), W = (int)x.size(3);\n const int OH = H / 2, OW = W / 2;\n auto y = torch::empty({N, C, OH, OW}, x.options());\n int threads = 256;\n int64_t total = (int64_t)N * C * OH * OW;\n int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);\n if (blocks > 4096) blocks = 4096;\n relu_maxpool2d_last_nchw_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<float>(), y.data_ptr<float>(), N, C, H, W, OH, OW);\n return y;\n}\n\"\"\"\n\n_ext = load_inline(name=\"vgg19_fused_pool_ext_v2\", cpp_sources=_cpp_src, cuda_sources=_cuda_src,\n functions=[\"relu_maxpool2d_cl\", \"relu_maxpool2d_last\"], verbose=False,\n extra_cflags=[\"-O3\"], extra_cuda_cflags=[\"-O3\"])\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, num_classes=1000):\n super(ModelNew, self).__init__()\n self.features = nn.Sequential(\n nn.Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(64, 64, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),\n nn.Conv2d(64, 128, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),\n nn.Conv2d(128, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),\n nn.Conv2d(256, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2)\n )\n self.classifier = nn.Sequential(\n nn.Linear(512 * 7 * 7, 4096), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.Dropout(p=0.0),\n nn.Linear(4096, 4096), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.Dropout(p=0.0),\n nn.Linear(4096, num_classes)\n )\n self.features.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n def forward(self, x):\n x = x.contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n f = self.features\n x = F.relu(f[0](x), inplace=True); x = f[2](x); x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = F.relu(f[5](x), inplace=True); x = f[7](x); x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = F.relu(f[10](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[12](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[14](x), inplace=True); x = f[16](x); x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = F.relu(f[19](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[21](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[23](x), inplace=True); x = f[25](x); x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = F.relu(f[28](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[30](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[32](x), inplace=True); x = f[34](x); x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_last(x)\n x = torch.flatten(x, 1)\n c = self.classifier\n x = F.relu(c[0](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(c[3](x), inplace=True); x = c[6](x)\n return x\n" }
result ← compile_kernel (ok)
okcompile_kernel compile_kernel PASSED: kernel compiled without errors.
turn 4 · 1 tool call(s) · 14.7s turn · 14.7s LLM · 7,882 chars (click to expand)
turn 414.7s turn · 14.7s LLM · 0.0s tools
call → run_correctness
callrun_correctness { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nimport torch.nn.functional as F\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\n_cpp_src = r\"\"\"\ntorch::Tensor relu_maxpool2d_cl(torch::Tensor x);\ntorch::Tensor relu_maxpool2d_last(torch::Tensor x);\n\"\"\"\n_cuda_src = r\"\"\"\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float relu_f(float v) { return v > 0.0f ? v : 0.0f; }\n__device__ __forceinline__ float max4(float a, float b, float c, float d) { return fmaxf(fmaxf(a,b), fmaxf(c,d)); }\n\n__global__ void relu_maxpool2d_cl_vec4_kernel(const float4* __restrict__ x4, float4* __restrict__ y4,\n int N, int C4, int H, int W, int OH, int OW) {\n int64_t total = (int64_t)N * OH * OW * C4;\n int64_t idx = (int64_t)blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n int64_t stride = (int64_t)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int cv = idx % C4;\n int64_t t = idx / C4;\n int ow = t % OW;\n t /= OW;\n int oh = t % OH;\n int n = t / OH;\n int ih = oh * 2;\n int iw = ow * 2;\n int64_t base = (((int64_t)n * H + ih) * W + iw) * C4 + cv;\n float4 a = x4[base];\n float4 b = x4[base + C4];\n float4 c = x4[base + (int64_t)W * C4];\n float4 d = x4[base + (int64_t)(W + 1) * C4];\n float4 o;\n o.x = relu_f(max4(a.x,b.x,c.x,d.x));\n o.y = relu_f(max4(a.y,b.y,c.y,d.y));\n o.z = relu_f(max4(a.z,b.z,c.z,d.z));\n o.w = relu_f(max4(a.w,b.w,c.w,d.w));\n y4[idx] = o;\n }\n}\n\n__global__ void relu_maxpool2d_last_nchw_kernel(const float* __restrict__ x, float* __restrict__ y,\n int N, int C, int H, int W, int OH, int OW) {\n int64_t total = (int64_t)N * C * OH * OW;\n int64_t idx = (int64_t)blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n int64_t stride = (int64_t)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int ow = idx % OW;\n int64_t t = idx / OW;\n int oh = t % OH;\n t /= OH;\n int c = t % C;\n int n = t / C;\n int ih = oh * 2;\n int iw = ow * 2;\n int64_t base = ((int64_t)n * H * W * C) + ((int64_t)ih * W + iw) * C + c;\n float m = x[base];\n float v = x[base + C]; if (v > m) m = v;\n v = x[base + (int64_t)W * C]; if (v > m) m = v;\n v = x[base + (int64_t)(W + 1) * C]; if (v > m) m = v;\n y[idx] = m > 0.0f ? m : 0.0f;\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor relu_maxpool2d_cl(torch::Tensor x) {\n const int N = (int)x.size(0), C = (int)x.size(1), H = (int)x.size(2), W = (int)x.size(3);\n const int OH = H / 2, OW = W / 2, C4 = C / 4;\n auto y = torch::empty_strided({N, C, OH, OW}, {C*OH*OW, 1, C*OW, C}, x.options());\n int threads = 256;\n int64_t total = (int64_t)N * OH * OW * C4;\n int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);\n if (blocks > 4096) blocks = 4096;\n relu_maxpool2d_cl_vec4_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(reinterpret_cast<const float4*>(x.data_ptr<float>()), reinterpret_cast<float4*>(y.data_ptr<float>()), N, C4, H, W, OH, OW);\n return y;\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor relu_maxpool2d_last(torch::Tensor x) {\n const int N = (int)x.size(0), C = (int)x.size(1), H = (int)x.size(2), W = (int)x.size(3);\n const int OH = H / 2, OW = W / 2;\n auto y = torch::empty({N, C, OH, OW}, x.options());\n int threads = 256;\n int64_t total = (int64_t)N * C * OH * OW;\n int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);\n if (blocks > 4096) blocks = 4096;\n relu_maxpool2d_last_nchw_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<float>(), y.data_ptr<float>(), N, C, H, W, OH, OW);\n return y;\n}\n\"\"\"\n\n_ext = load_inline(name=\"vgg19_fused_pool_ext_v2\", cpp_sources=_cpp_src, cuda_sources=_cuda_src,\n functions=[\"relu_maxpool2d_cl\", \"relu_maxpool2d_last\"], verbose=False,\n extra_cflags=[\"-O3\"], extra_cuda_cflags=[\"-O3\"])\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, num_classes=1000):\n super(ModelNew, self).__init__()\n self.features = nn.Sequential(\n nn.Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(64, 64, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),\n nn.Conv2d(64, 128, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),\n nn.Conv2d(128, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),\n nn.Conv2d(256, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2)\n )\n self.classifier = nn.Sequential(\n nn.Linear(512 * 7 * 7, 4096), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.Dropout(p=0.0),\n nn.Linear(4096, 4096), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.Dropout(p=0.0),\n nn.Linear(4096, num_classes)\n )\n self.features.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n def forward(self, x):\n x = x.contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n f = self.features\n x = F.relu(f[0](x), inplace=True); x = f[2](x); x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = F.relu(f[5](x), inplace=True); x = f[7](x); x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = F.relu(f[10](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[12](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[14](x), inplace=True); x = f[16](x); x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = F.relu(f[19](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[21](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[23](x), inplace=True); x = f[25](x); x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = F.relu(f[28](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[30](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[32](x), inplace=True); x = f[34](x); x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_last(x)\n x = torch.flatten(x, 1)\n c = self.classifier\n x = F.relu(c[0](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(c[3](x), inplace=True); x = c[6](x)\n return x\n" }
result ← run_correctness (ok)
okrun_correctness run_correctness PASSED: (5 / 5) trials all matched the reference. Numerical precision: max_abs_err=1.91e-07 mean_abs_err=3.75e-08 max_rel_err=1.07e-02
turn 5 · 1 tool call(s) · 15.2s turn · 15.2s LLM · 7,883 chars (click to expand)
turn 515.2s turn · 15.2s LLM · 0.0s tools
call → static_check
callstatic_check { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nimport torch.nn.functional as F\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\n_cpp_src = r\"\"\"\ntorch::Tensor relu_maxpool2d_cl(torch::Tensor x);\ntorch::Tensor relu_maxpool2d_last(torch::Tensor x);\n\"\"\"\n_cuda_src = r\"\"\"\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float relu_f(float v) { return v > 0.0f ? v : 0.0f; }\n__device__ __forceinline__ float max4(float a, float b, float c, float d) { return fmaxf(fmaxf(a,b), fmaxf(c,d)); }\n\n__global__ void relu_maxpool2d_cl_vec4_kernel(const float4* __restrict__ x4, float4* __restrict__ y4,\n int N, int C4, int H, int W, int OH, int OW) {\n int64_t total = (int64_t)N * OH * OW * C4;\n int64_t idx = (int64_t)blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n int64_t stride = (int64_t)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int cv = idx % C4;\n int64_t t = idx / C4;\n int ow = t % OW;\n t /= OW;\n int oh = t % OH;\n int n = t / OH;\n int ih = oh * 2;\n int iw = ow * 2;\n int64_t base = (((int64_t)n * H + ih) * W + iw) * C4 + cv;\n float4 a = x4[base];\n float4 b = x4[base + C4];\n float4 c = x4[base + (int64_t)W * C4];\n float4 d = x4[base + (int64_t)(W + 1) * C4];\n float4 o;\n o.x = relu_f(max4(a.x,b.x,c.x,d.x));\n o.y = relu_f(max4(a.y,b.y,c.y,d.y));\n o.z = relu_f(max4(a.z,b.z,c.z,d.z));\n o.w = relu_f(max4(a.w,b.w,c.w,d.w));\n y4[idx] = o;\n }\n}\n\n__global__ void relu_maxpool2d_last_nchw_kernel(const float* __restrict__ x, float* __restrict__ y,\n int N, int C, int H, int W, int OH, int OW) {\n int64_t total = (int64_t)N * C * OH * OW;\n int64_t idx = (int64_t)blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n int64_t stride = (int64_t)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int ow = idx % OW;\n int64_t t = idx / OW;\n int oh = t % OH;\n t /= OH;\n int c = t % C;\n int n = t / C;\n int ih = oh * 2;\n int iw = ow * 2;\n int64_t base = ((int64_t)n * H * W * C) + ((int64_t)ih * W + iw) * C + c;\n float m = x[base];\n float v = x[base + C]; if (v > m) m = v;\n v = x[base + (int64_t)W * C]; if (v > m) m = v;\n v = x[base + (int64_t)(W + 1) * C]; if (v > m) m = v;\n y[idx] = m > 0.0f ? m : 0.0f;\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor relu_maxpool2d_cl(torch::Tensor x) {\n const int N = (int)x.size(0), C = (int)x.size(1), H = (int)x.size(2), W = (int)x.size(3);\n const int OH = H / 2, OW = W / 2, C4 = C / 4;\n auto y = torch::empty_strided({N, C, OH, OW}, {C*OH*OW, 1, C*OW, C}, x.options());\n int threads = 256;\n int64_t total = (int64_t)N * OH * OW * C4;\n int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);\n if (blocks > 4096) blocks = 4096;\n relu_maxpool2d_cl_vec4_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(reinterpret_cast<const float4*>(x.data_ptr<float>()), reinterpret_cast<float4*>(y.data_ptr<float>()), N, C4, H, W, OH, OW);\n return y;\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor relu_maxpool2d_last(torch::Tensor x) {\n const int N = (int)x.size(0), C = (int)x.size(1), H = (int)x.size(2), W = (int)x.size(3);\n const int OH = H / 2, OW = W / 2;\n auto y = torch::empty({N, C, OH, OW}, x.options());\n int threads = 256;\n int64_t total = (int64_t)N * C * OH * OW;\n int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);\n if (blocks > 4096) blocks = 4096;\n relu_maxpool2d_last_nchw_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<float>(), y.data_ptr<float>(), N, C, H, W, OH, OW);\n return y;\n}\n\"\"\"\n\n_ext = load_inline(name=\"vgg19_fused_pool_ext_v2\", cpp_sources=_cpp_src, cuda_sources=_cuda_src,\n functions=[\"relu_maxpool2d_cl\", \"relu_maxpool2d_last\"], verbose=False,\n extra_cflags=[\"-O3\"], extra_cuda_cflags=[\"-O3\"])\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, num_classes=1000):\n super(ModelNew, self).__init__()\n self.features = nn.Sequential(\n nn.Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(64, 64, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),\n nn.Conv2d(64, 128, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),\n nn.Conv2d(128, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),\n nn.Conv2d(256, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2)\n )\n self.classifier = nn.Sequential(\n nn.Linear(512 * 7 * 7, 4096), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.Dropout(p=0.0),\n nn.Linear(4096, 4096), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.Dropout(p=0.0),\n nn.Linear(4096, num_classes)\n )\n self.features.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n def forward(self, x):\n x = x.contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n f = self.features\n x = F.relu(f[0](x), inplace=True); x = f[2](x); x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = F.relu(f[5](x), inplace=True); x = f[7](x); x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = F.relu(f[10](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[12](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[14](x), inplace=True); x = f[16](x); x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = F.relu(f[19](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[21](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[23](x), inplace=True); x = f[25](x); x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = F.relu(f[28](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[30](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[32](x), inplace=True); x = f[34](x); x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_last(x)\n x = torch.flatten(x, 1)\n c = self.classifier\n x = F.relu(c[0](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(c[3](x), inplace=True); x = c[6](x)\n return x\n" }
result ← static_check (ok)
okstatic_check static_check PASSED (with warnings): WARNING: Uses torch.nn.functional op: F.relu WARNING: Uses torch.nn compute layer (only containers, Parameter, init allowed)
turn 6 · FINAL · 1 tool call(s) · 21.4s turn · 21.4s LLM · 9,267 chars (click to expand)
turn 621.4s turn · 21.4s LLM · 0.0s tools · FINAL
reasoning
**Evaluating PyTorch optimizations** I'm contemplating if using static final variables is acceptable. The task suggests custom CUDA kernel calls since the current PyTorch compute layer might not suffice. But, I realize that using nn.Conv is likely unavoidable. If I'm using a custom ReLU kernel, it may not outperform built-in ReLU. I should also think about potential name collisions, ensuring uniqueness in compiled variants. Lastly, should I consider using cached data for v2 during the final submission? **Considering model loading sequence** I'm thinking about loading two models on the GPU — first, `model = Model().cuda()` and then `model_new = ModelNew().cuda()`. When loading the state dictionary, it copies the NCHW format into the channels_last format, which seems fine if the harness allows this order. I wonder if calling `model_new.eval()` at any point might change behavior with dropout, but I need to finalize everything before submission. I want to make sure my final code is precise and ready to go!
call → submit_kernel
callsubmit_kernel { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nimport torch.nn.functional as F\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\n_cpp_src = r\"\"\"\ntorch::Tensor relu_maxpool2d_cl(torch::Tensor x);\ntorch::Tensor relu_maxpool2d_last(torch::Tensor x);\n\"\"\"\n_cuda_src = r\"\"\"\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n__device__ __forceinline__ float relu_f(float v) { return v > 0.0f ? v : 0.0f; }\n__device__ __forceinline__ float max4(float a, float b, float c, float d) { return fmaxf(fmaxf(a,b), fmaxf(c,d)); }\n\n__global__ void relu_maxpool2d_cl_vec4_kernel(const float4* __restrict__ x4, float4* __restrict__ y4,\n int N, int C4, int H, int W, int OH, int OW) {\n int64_t total = (int64_t)N * OH * OW * C4;\n int64_t idx = (int64_t)blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n int64_t stride = (int64_t)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int cv = idx % C4;\n int64_t t = idx / C4;\n int ow = t % OW;\n t /= OW;\n int oh = t % OH;\n int n = t / OH;\n int ih = oh * 2;\n int iw = ow * 2;\n int64_t base = (((int64_t)n * H + ih) * W + iw) * C4 + cv;\n float4 a = x4[base];\n float4 b = x4[base + C4];\n float4 c = x4[base + (int64_t)W * C4];\n float4 d = x4[base + (int64_t)(W + 1) * C4];\n float4 o;\n o.x = relu_f(max4(a.x,b.x,c.x,d.x));\n o.y = relu_f(max4(a.y,b.y,c.y,d.y));\n o.z = relu_f(max4(a.z,b.z,c.z,d.z));\n o.w = relu_f(max4(a.w,b.w,c.w,d.w));\n y4[idx] = o;\n }\n}\n\n__global__ void relu_maxpool2d_last_nchw_kernel(const float* __restrict__ x, float* __restrict__ y,\n int N, int C, int H, int W, int OH, int OW) {\n int64_t total = (int64_t)N * C * OH * OW;\n int64_t idx = (int64_t)blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n int64_t stride = (int64_t)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int ow = idx % OW;\n int64_t t = idx / OW;\n int oh = t % OH;\n t /= OH;\n int c = t % C;\n int n = t / C;\n int ih = oh * 2;\n int iw = ow * 2;\n int64_t base = ((int64_t)n * H * W * C) + ((int64_t)ih * W + iw) * C + c;\n float m = x[base];\n float v = x[base + C]; if (v > m) m = v;\n v = x[base + (int64_t)W * C]; if (v > m) m = v;\n v = x[base + (int64_t)(W + 1) * C]; if (v > m) m = v;\n y[idx] = m > 0.0f ? m : 0.0f;\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor relu_maxpool2d_cl(torch::Tensor x) {\n const int N = (int)x.size(0), C = (int)x.size(1), H = (int)x.size(2), W = (int)x.size(3);\n const int OH = H / 2, OW = W / 2, C4 = C / 4;\n auto y = torch::empty_strided({N, C, OH, OW}, {C*OH*OW, 1, C*OW, C}, x.options());\n int threads = 256;\n int64_t total = (int64_t)N * OH * OW * C4;\n int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);\n if (blocks > 4096) blocks = 4096;\n relu_maxpool2d_cl_vec4_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(reinterpret_cast<const float4*>(x.data_ptr<float>()), reinterpret_cast<float4*>(y.data_ptr<float>()), N, C4, H, W, OH, OW);\n return y;\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor relu_maxpool2d_last(torch::Tensor x) {\n const int N = (int)x.size(0), C = (int)x.size(1), H = (int)x.size(2), W = (int)x.size(3);\n const int OH = H / 2, OW = W / 2;\n auto y = torch::empty({N, C, OH, OW}, x.options());\n int threads = 256;\n int64_t total = (int64_t)N * C * OH * OW;\n int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);\n if (blocks > 4096) blocks = 4096;\n relu_maxpool2d_last_nchw_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<float>(), y.data_ptr<float>(), N, C, H, W, OH, OW);\n return y;\n}\n\"\"\"\n\n_ext = load_inline(name=\"vgg19_fused_pool_ext_v2\", cpp_sources=_cpp_src, cuda_sources=_cuda_src,\n functions=[\"relu_maxpool2d_cl\", \"relu_maxpool2d_last\"], verbose=False,\n extra_cflags=[\"-O3\"], extra_cuda_cflags=[\"-O3\"])\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, num_classes=1000):\n super(ModelNew, self).__init__()\n self.features = nn.Sequential(\n nn.Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(64, 64, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),\n nn.Conv2d(64, 128, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),\n nn.Conv2d(128, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),\n nn.Conv2d(256, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),\n nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2)\n )\n self.classifier = nn.Sequential(\n nn.Linear(512 * 7 * 7, 4096), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.Dropout(p=0.0),\n nn.Linear(4096, 4096), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.Dropout(p=0.0),\n nn.Linear(4096, num_classes)\n )\n self.features.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n def forward(self, x):\n x = x.contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n f = self.features\n x = F.relu(f[0](x), inplace=True); x = f[2](x); x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = F.relu(f[5](x), inplace=True); x = f[7](x); x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = F.relu(f[10](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[12](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[14](x), inplace=True); x = f[16](x); x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = F.relu(f[19](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[21](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[23](x), inplace=True); x = f[25](x); x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)\n x = F.relu(f[28](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[30](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[32](x), inplace=True); x = f[34](x); x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_last(x)\n x = torch.flatten(x, 1)\n c = self.classifier\n x = F.relu(c[0](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(c[3](x), inplace=True); x = c[6](x)\n return x\n" }
result ← submit_kernel (ok)
oksubmit_kernel submit_kernel PASSED: (5 / 5) correctness trials all passed. Kernel runtime: 2.83 μs Runtime stats: mean=2.83μs median=?μs std=1.57μs Numerical precision: max_abs_err=1.91e-07 mean_abs_err=3.75e-08 max_rel_err=1.07e-02 Memory: 1380.96 MB peak (ref: 1626.96 MB, ratio: 0.8488x) Kernel launches: 165 (ref: 177, fusion ratio: 1.0727) Energy: 253.92 mJ/run (ref: 1271.68 mJ, ratio: 5.0082x) SOL score: 0.1329
final submitted kernel (137 lines, 6,858 chars) — full source, untruncated
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F
from torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline

_cpp_src = r"""
torch::Tensor relu_maxpool2d_cl(torch::Tensor x);
torch::Tensor relu_maxpool2d_last(torch::Tensor x);
"""
_cuda_src = r"""
#include <torch/extension.h>
#include <cuda.h>
#include <cuda_runtime.h>

__device__ __forceinline__ float relu_f(float v) { return v > 0.0f ? v : 0.0f; }
__device__ __forceinline__ float max4(float a, float b, float c, float d) { return fmaxf(fmaxf(a,b), fmaxf(c,d)); }

__global__ void relu_maxpool2d_cl_vec4_kernel(const float4* __restrict__ x4, float4* __restrict__ y4,
                                               int N, int C4, int H, int W, int OH, int OW) {
    int64_t total = (int64_t)N * OH * OW * C4;
    int64_t idx = (int64_t)blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;
    int64_t stride = (int64_t)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;
    for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {
        int cv = idx % C4;
        int64_t t = idx / C4;
        int ow = t % OW;
        t /= OW;
        int oh = t % OH;
        int n = t / OH;
        int ih = oh * 2;
        int iw = ow * 2;
        int64_t base = (((int64_t)n * H + ih) * W + iw) * C4 + cv;
        float4 a = x4[base];
        float4 b = x4[base + C4];
        float4 c = x4[base + (int64_t)W * C4];
        float4 d = x4[base + (int64_t)(W + 1) * C4];
        float4 o;
        o.x = relu_f(max4(a.x,b.x,c.x,d.x));
        o.y = relu_f(max4(a.y,b.y,c.y,d.y));
        o.z = relu_f(max4(a.z,b.z,c.z,d.z));
        o.w = relu_f(max4(a.w,b.w,c.w,d.w));
        y4[idx] = o;
    }
}

__global__ void relu_maxpool2d_last_nchw_kernel(const float* __restrict__ x, float* __restrict__ y,
                                                int N, int C, int H, int W, int OH, int OW) {
    int64_t total = (int64_t)N * C * OH * OW;
    int64_t idx = (int64_t)blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;
    int64_t stride = (int64_t)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;
    for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {
        int ow = idx % OW;
        int64_t t = idx / OW;
        int oh = t % OH;
        t /= OH;
        int c = t % C;
        int n = t / C;
        int ih = oh * 2;
        int iw = ow * 2;
        int64_t base = ((int64_t)n * H * W * C) + ((int64_t)ih * W + iw) * C + c;
        float m = x[base];
        float v = x[base + C]; if (v > m) m = v;
        v = x[base + (int64_t)W * C]; if (v > m) m = v;
        v = x[base + (int64_t)(W + 1) * C]; if (v > m) m = v;
        y[idx] = m > 0.0f ? m : 0.0f;
    }
}

torch::Tensor relu_maxpool2d_cl(torch::Tensor x) {
    const int N = (int)x.size(0), C = (int)x.size(1), H = (int)x.size(2), W = (int)x.size(3);
    const int OH = H / 2, OW = W / 2, C4 = C / 4;
    auto y = torch::empty_strided({N, C, OH, OW}, {C*OH*OW, 1, C*OW, C}, x.options());
    int threads = 256;
    int64_t total = (int64_t)N * OH * OW * C4;
    int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);
    if (blocks > 4096) blocks = 4096;
    relu_maxpool2d_cl_vec4_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(reinterpret_cast<const float4*>(x.data_ptr<float>()), reinterpret_cast<float4*>(y.data_ptr<float>()), N, C4, H, W, OH, OW);
    return y;
}

torch::Tensor relu_maxpool2d_last(torch::Tensor x) {
    const int N = (int)x.size(0), C = (int)x.size(1), H = (int)x.size(2), W = (int)x.size(3);
    const int OH = H / 2, OW = W / 2;
    auto y = torch::empty({N, C, OH, OW}, x.options());
    int threads = 256;
    int64_t total = (int64_t)N * C * OH * OW;
    int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);
    if (blocks > 4096) blocks = 4096;
    relu_maxpool2d_last_nchw_kernel<<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<float>(), y.data_ptr<float>(), N, C, H, W, OH, OW);
    return y;
}
"""

_ext = load_inline(name="vgg19_fused_pool_ext_v2", cpp_sources=_cpp_src, cuda_sources=_cuda_src,
                   functions=["relu_maxpool2d_cl", "relu_maxpool2d_last"], verbose=False,
                   extra_cflags=["-O3"], extra_cuda_cflags=["-O3"])

class ModelNew(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, num_classes=1000):
        super(ModelNew, self).__init__()
        self.features = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(64, 64, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),
            nn.Conv2d(64, 128, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),
            nn.Conv2d(128, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),
            nn.Conv2d(256, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2),
            nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2)
        )
        self.classifier = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Linear(512 * 7 * 7, 4096), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.Dropout(p=0.0),
            nn.Linear(4096, 4096), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.Dropout(p=0.0),
            nn.Linear(4096, num_classes)
        )
        self.features.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)
    def forward(self, x):
        x = x.contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last)
        f = self.features
        x = F.relu(f[0](x), inplace=True); x = f[2](x); x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)
        x = F.relu(f[5](x), inplace=True); x = f[7](x); x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)
        x = F.relu(f[10](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[12](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[14](x), inplace=True); x = f[16](x); x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)
        x = F.relu(f[19](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[21](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[23](x), inplace=True); x = f[25](x); x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_cl(x)
        x = F.relu(f[28](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[30](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(f[32](x), inplace=True); x = f[34](x); x = _ext.relu_maxpool2d_last(x)
        x = torch.flatten(x, 1)
        c = self.classifier
        x = F.relu(c[0](x), inplace=True); x = F.relu(c[3](x), inplace=True); x = c[6](x)
        return x