gpt-5.5-priority · original · l3_all_gpt
correct 26_ShuffleNet.py
model
gpt-5.5-priority
turns / max
13 / 15
tool calls
13
tokens (total)
0
wall clock
—
truncated
no
backend
cuda fp32
variant
original
runtime
10.10 μs
ref runtime
11.50 μs
speedup
1.14x
started
2026-05-04T15:55:38Z
timingkernelbench.timing
kernel runtime
10.10 μs
ref runtime
11.50 μs
speedup
1.14x
kernel mean / median / std
10.10 / — / 0.05 μs
ref mean / median / std
11.50 / — / 29.10 μs
numerical precisioneval_kernel_against_ref
max abs error
1.38e-05
mean abs error
2.55e-06
max rel error
0.33
mean rel error
9.75e-05
gpu memoryextended_metrics.measure_memory
kernel peak
500.20 MB
ref peak
496.58 MB
kernel / ref
1.01x
kernel launches / fusiontorch.profiler
kernel launches
772
ref launches
882
fusion ratio (ref / kernel)
1.14x
total cuda time
42831 μs
energyNVML (pynvml)
kernel mJ / run
1694.52
ref mJ / run
1209.76
ratio (ref / kernel)
0.71x
avg power
169.92 W
ref avg power
126.47 W
SOL (speed-of-light)heuristic_from_speedup
SOL score (0–1)
0.114
dram util %
—
compute util %
—
bottleneck
unknown
dominant pipe
—
arithmetic intensity
—
ridge point
—
roofline / occupancyheuristic
dram bandwidth
—
dram util %
—
fp32 tflops
—
fp32 util %
—
fp16 tflops
—
occupancy %
—
bottleneck
—
dominant pipe %
—
arithmetic intensity
—
ridge point
—
L1 hit %
—
L2 hit %
—
ld sectors / req
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st sectors / req
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regs / thread
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smem / block
—
block size
—
peak bw
—
peak fp32 tflops
—
peak fp16 tflops
—
reference PyTorch source (the prompt the agent sees)
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F

class ShuffleNetUnit(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels, groups=3):
        """
        ShuffleNet unit implementation.

        :param in_channels: Number of input channels.
        :param out_channels: Number of output channels.
        :param groups: Number of groups for group convolution.
        """
        super(ShuffleNetUnit, self).__init__()
        
        # Ensure the output channels are divisible by groups
        assert out_channels % 4 == 0
        mid_channels = out_channels // 4
        
        # First 1x1 group convolution
        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, mid_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, groups=groups, bias=False)
        self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)
        
        # Depthwise 3x3 convolution
        self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(mid_channels, mid_channels, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1, groups=mid_channels, bias=False)
        self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)
        
        # Second 1x1 group convolution
        self.conv3 = nn.Conv2d(mid_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, groups=groups, bias=False)
        self.bn3 = nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)
        
        # Shuffle operation
        self.shuffle = ChannelShuffle(groups)
        
        # Shortcut connection if input and output channels are the same
        if in_channels == out_channels:
            self.shortcut = nn.Sequential()
        else:
            self.shortcut = nn.Sequential(
                nn.Conv2d(in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=False),
                nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)
            )
    
    def forward(self, x):
        """
        Forward pass for ShuffleNet unit.

        :param x: Input tensor, shape (batch_size, in_channels, height, width)
        :return: Output tensor, shape (batch_size, out_channels, height, width)
        """
        out = F.relu(self.bn1(self.conv1(x)))
        out = self.bn2(self.conv2(out))
        out = self.shuffle(out)
        out = F.relu(self.bn3(self.conv3(out)))
        
        out += self.shortcut(x)
        return out

class ChannelShuffle(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, groups):
        """
        Channel shuffle operation.

        :param groups: Number of groups for shuffling.
        """
        super(ChannelShuffle, self).__init__()
        self.groups = groups
    
    def forward(self, x):
        """
        Forward pass for channel shuffle.

        :param x: Input tensor, shape (batch_size, channels, height, width)
        :return: Output tensor, shape (batch_size, channels, height, width)
        """
        batch_size, channels, height, width = x.size()
        channels_per_group = channels // self.groups
        
        # Reshape
        x = x.view(batch_size, self.groups, channels_per_group, height, width)
        
        # Transpose
        x = x.transpose(1, 2).contiguous()
        
        # Flatten
        x = x.view(batch_size, -1, height, width)
        
        return x

class Model(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, num_classes=1000, groups=3, stages_repeats=[3, 7, 3], stages_out_channels=[24, 240, 480, 960]):
        """
        ShuffleNet architecture.

        :param num_classes: Number of output classes.
        :param groups: Number of groups for group convolution.
        :param stages_repeats: List of ints specifying the number of repeats for each stage.
        :param stages_out_channels: List of ints specifying the output channels for each stage.
        """
        super(Model, self).__init__()
        
        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, stages_out_channels[0], kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1, bias=False)
        self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(stages_out_channels[0])
        self.maxpool = nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1)
        
        self.stage2 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[0], stages_out_channels[1], stages_repeats[0], groups)
        self.stage3 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[1], stages_out_channels[2], stages_repeats[1], groups)
        self.stage4 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[2], stages_out_channels[3], stages_repeats[2], groups)
        
        self.conv5 = nn.Conv2d(stages_out_channels[3], 1024, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=False)
        self.bn5 = nn.BatchNorm2d(1024)
        
        self.fc = nn.Linear(1024, num_classes)
    
    def _make_stage(self, in_channels, out_channels, repeats, groups):
        """
        Helper function to create a stage of ShuffleNet units.

        :param in_channels: Number of input channels.
        :param out_channels: Number of output channels.
        :param repeats: Number of ShuffleNet units in the stage.
        :param groups: Number of groups for group convolution.
        :return: nn.Sequential containing the stage.
        """
        layers = []
        layers.append(ShuffleNetUnit(in_channels, out_channels, groups))
        for _ in range(1, repeats):
            layers.append(ShuffleNetUnit(out_channels, out_channels, groups))
        return nn.Sequential(*layers)
    
    def forward(self, x):
        """
        Forward pass for ShuffleNet.

        :param x: Input tensor, shape (batch_size, 3, height, width)
        :return: Output tensor, shape (batch_size, num_classes)
        """
        x = F.relu(self.bn1(self.conv1(x)))
        x = self.maxpool(x)
        
        x = self.stage2(x)
        x = self.stage3(x)
        x = self.stage4(x)
        
        x = F.relu(self.bn5(self.conv5(x)))
        x = F.adaptive_avg_pool2d(x, (1, 1))
        x = x.view(x.size(0), -1)
        x = self.fc(x)
        
        return x

# Test code
batch_size = 10
input_channels = 3
height = 224
width = 224
num_classes = 1000

def get_inputs():
    return [torch.rand(batch_size, input_channels, height, width)]

def get_init_inputs():
    return [num_classes]
turn 0 · 1 tool call(s) · 43.8s turn · 43.8s LLM · 8,360 chars (click to expand)
turn 043.8s turn · 43.8s LLM · 0.0s tools
reasoning
**Constructing a Python model** I need to create a complete Python ModelNew. To evaluate, I'll instantiate ModelNew with a given number of classes, then compare it against reference weights. I'll have to ensure the same architecture parameters and properly load the state dictionary. It seems common to copy weights between instances. This model must define the same modules, and while writing everything custom seems impractical, I could leverage torch operations alongside my custom kernels, especially for channel shuffling and pooling. The output must match exactly with the reference. **Optimizing model speed** My goal is to achieve better speed without fully relying on custom convolution layers. PyTorch has optimized convolutions, and many layers can add overhead. For the architecture, I need to ensure channel shuffling is efficient, but custom implementations might be costly. I wonder if evaluating in eval mode can lead to optimizations, especially regarding BatchNorm behavior. The reference model is likely set to eval, and benchmarking will be essential. I’ll use torch modules while implementing a custom kernel for the channel shuffle and analyze architecture dimensions for processing input. **Considering architectural options** I'm thinking about setting the batch size to 10 with a height of 56 for a larger convolution. A custom fusion of convolution, batch normalization, and ReLU could end up being substantial, but it might be needed for performance. I need to consider the specifics: like for conv3, using a grouped 1x1 convolution with output defined as mid, where mid is one-fourth of the output size, and setting the groups to 3. I wonder if this will really optimize things enough. **Exploring PyTorch dimensions** I'm thinking about converting module weights and 'x' to use channels last in PyTorch. The reference format is likely NCHW. For a 1x1 convolution or group, channels last might be faster, but I need to check if the output is contiguous and consider any potential tolerance issues. It’s important to get these details right to ensure optimal performance. Let's see how I can verify this!
call → compile_kernel
callcompile_kernel { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nimport torch.nn.functional as F\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\n_cpp_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups);\n'''\n\n_cuda_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\ntemplate <typename scalar_t>\n__global__ void channel_shuffle_cl_kernel(const scalar_t* __restrict__ x, scalar_t* __restrict__ y,\n long total, int C, int H, int W, int groups) {\n long idx = blockIdx.x * (long)blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n long stride = (long)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n int cpg = C / groups;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int c = idx % C;\n long t = idx / C;\n int ci = (c % groups) * cpg + (c / groups);\n long in_idx = t * (long)C + ci;\n y[idx] = x[in_idx];\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups64) {\n TORCH_CHECK(input.is_cuda(), \"input must be CUDA\");\n TORCH_CHECK(input.dim() == 4, \"input must be NCHW\");\n int N = (int)input.size(0);\n int C = (int)input.size(1);\n int H = (int)input.size(2);\n int W = (int)input.size(3);\n int groups = (int)groups64;\n auto x = input.contiguous(at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);\n auto y = torch::empty_like(x, x.options(), at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);\n long total = (long)N * H * W * C;\n int threads = 256;\n int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);\n if (blocks > 65535) blocks = 65535;\n AT_DISPATCH_FLOATING_TYPES_AND_HALF(input.scalar_type(), \"channel_shuffle_cuda\", [&] {\n channel_shuffle_cl_kernel<scalar_t><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), y.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), total, C, H, W, groups);\n });\n return y;\n}\n'''\n\n_ext = load_inline(name='shufflenet_kernels_v1', cpp_sources=[_cpp_src], cuda_sources=[_cuda_src], functions=['channel_shuffle_cuda'], verbose=False, extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'], extra_cflags=['-O3'])\n\nclass ChannelShuffleNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, groups):\n super().__init__()\n self.groups = groups\n def forward(self, x):\n return _ext.channel_shuffle_cuda(x, self.groups)\n\nclass ShuffleNetUnitNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels, groups=3):\n super().__init__()\n assert out_channels % 4 == 0\n mid_channels = out_channels // 4\n self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, mid_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, groups=groups, bias=False)\n self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)\n self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(mid_channels, mid_channels, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1, groups=mid_channels, bias=False)\n self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)\n self.conv3 = nn.Conv2d(mid_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, groups=groups, bias=False)\n self.bn3 = nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)\n self.shuffle = ChannelShuffleNew(groups)\n if in_channels == out_channels:\n self.shortcut = nn.Sequential()\n else:\n self.shortcut = nn.Sequential(\n nn.Conv2d(in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=False),\n nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)\n )\n def forward(self, x):\n out = F.relu(self.bn1(self.conv1(x)))\n out = self.bn2(self.conv2(out))\n out = self.shuffle(out)\n out = F.relu(self.bn3(self.conv3(out)))\n out = out + self.shortcut(x)\n return out\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, num_classes=1000, groups=3, stages_repeats=[3, 7, 3], stages_out_channels=[24, 240, 480, 960]):\n super().__init__()\n self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, stages_out_channels[0], kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1, bias=False)\n self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(stages_out_channels[0])\n self.maxpool = nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1)\n self.stage2 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[0], stages_out_channels[1], stages_repeats[0], groups)\n self.stage3 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[1], stages_out_channels[2], stages_repeats[1], groups)\n self.stage4 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[2], stages_out_channels[3], stages_repeats[2], groups)\n self.conv5 = nn.Conv2d(stages_out_channels[3], 1024, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=False)\n self.bn5 = nn.BatchNorm2d(1024)\n self.fc = nn.Linear(1024, num_classes)\n self.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n def _make_stage(self, in_channels, out_channels, repeats, groups):\n layers = [ShuffleNetUnitNew(in_channels, out_channels, groups)]\n for _ in range(1, repeats):\n layers.append(ShuffleNetUnitNew(out_channels, out_channels, groups))\n return nn.Sequential(*layers)\n def forward(self, x):\n x = x.contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n x = F.relu(self.bn1(self.conv1(x)))\n x = self.maxpool(x)\n x = self.stage2(x)\n x = self.stage3(x)\n x = self.stage4(x)\n x = F.relu(self.bn5(self.conv5(x)))\n x = F.adaptive_avg_pool2d(x, (1, 1))\n x = torch.flatten(x, 1)\n x = self.fc(x)\n return x\n" }
result ← compile_kernel (ok)
okcompile_kernel compile_kernel PASSED: kernel compiled without errors.
turn 1 · 1 tool call(s) · 36.7s turn · 36.7s LLM · 6,202 chars (click to expand)
turn 136.7s turn · 36.7s LLM · 0.0s tools
call → run_correctness
callrun_correctness { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nimport torch.nn.functional as F\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\n_cpp_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups);\n'''\n\n_cuda_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\ntemplate <typename scalar_t>\n__global__ void channel_shuffle_cl_kernel(const scalar_t* __restrict__ x, scalar_t* __restrict__ y,\n long total, int C, int H, int W, int groups) {\n long idx = blockIdx.x * (long)blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n long stride = (long)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n int cpg = C / groups;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int c = idx % C;\n long t = idx / C;\n int ci = (c % groups) * cpg + (c / groups);\n long in_idx = t * (long)C + ci;\n y[idx] = x[in_idx];\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups64) {\n TORCH_CHECK(input.is_cuda(), \"input must be CUDA\");\n TORCH_CHECK(input.dim() == 4, \"input must be NCHW\");\n int N = (int)input.size(0);\n int C = (int)input.size(1);\n int H = (int)input.size(2);\n int W = (int)input.size(3);\n int groups = (int)groups64;\n auto x = input.contiguous(at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);\n auto y = torch::empty_like(x, x.options(), at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);\n long total = (long)N * H * W * C;\n int threads = 256;\n int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);\n if (blocks > 65535) blocks = 65535;\n AT_DISPATCH_FLOATING_TYPES_AND_HALF(input.scalar_type(), \"channel_shuffle_cuda\", [&] {\n channel_shuffle_cl_kernel<scalar_t><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), y.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), total, C, H, W, groups);\n });\n return y;\n}\n'''\n\n_ext = load_inline(name='shufflenet_kernels_v1', cpp_sources=[_cpp_src], cuda_sources=[_cuda_src], functions=['channel_shuffle_cuda'], verbose=False, extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'], extra_cflags=['-O3'])\n\nclass ChannelShuffleNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, groups):\n super().__init__()\n self.groups = groups\n def forward(self, x):\n return _ext.channel_shuffle_cuda(x, self.groups)\n\nclass ShuffleNetUnitNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels, groups=3):\n super().__init__()\n assert out_channels % 4 == 0\n mid_channels = out_channels // 4\n self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, mid_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, groups=groups, bias=False)\n self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)\n self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(mid_channels, mid_channels, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1, groups=mid_channels, bias=False)\n self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)\n self.conv3 = nn.Conv2d(mid_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, groups=groups, bias=False)\n self.bn3 = nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)\n self.shuffle = ChannelShuffleNew(groups)\n if in_channels == out_channels:\n self.shortcut = nn.Sequential()\n else:\n self.shortcut = nn.Sequential(\n nn.Conv2d(in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=False),\n nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)\n )\n def forward(self, x):\n out = F.relu(self.bn1(self.conv1(x)))\n out = self.bn2(self.conv2(out))\n out = self.shuffle(out)\n out = F.relu(self.bn3(self.conv3(out)))\n out = out + self.shortcut(x)\n return out\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, num_classes=1000, groups=3, stages_repeats=[3, 7, 3], stages_out_channels=[24, 240, 480, 960]):\n super().__init__()\n self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, stages_out_channels[0], kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1, bias=False)\n self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(stages_out_channels[0])\n self.maxpool = nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1)\n self.stage2 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[0], stages_out_channels[1], stages_repeats[0], groups)\n self.stage3 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[1], stages_out_channels[2], stages_repeats[1], groups)\n self.stage4 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[2], stages_out_channels[3], stages_repeats[2], groups)\n self.conv5 = nn.Conv2d(stages_out_channels[3], 1024, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=False)\n self.bn5 = nn.BatchNorm2d(1024)\n self.fc = nn.Linear(1024, num_classes)\n self.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n def _make_stage(self, in_channels, out_channels, repeats, groups):\n layers = [ShuffleNetUnitNew(in_channels, out_channels, groups)]\n for _ in range(1, repeats):\n layers.append(ShuffleNetUnitNew(out_channels, out_channels, groups))\n return nn.Sequential(*layers)\n def forward(self, x):\n x = x.contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n x = F.relu(self.bn1(self.conv1(x)))\n x = self.maxpool(x)\n x = self.stage2(x)\n x = self.stage3(x)\n x = self.stage4(x)\n x = F.relu(self.bn5(self.conv5(x)))\n x = F.adaptive_avg_pool2d(x, (1, 1))\n x = torch.flatten(x, 1)\n x = self.fc(x)\n return x\n" }
result ← run_correctness (ok)
okrun_correctness run_correctness PASSED: (5 / 5) trials all matched the reference. Numerical precision: max_abs_err=1.38e-05 mean_abs_err=2.55e-06 max_rel_err=3.29e-01
turn 2 · 1 tool call(s) · 9.2s turn · 9.2s LLM · 7,018 chars (click to expand)
turn 29.2s turn · 9.2s LLM · 0.0s tools
call → profile_kernel
callprofile_kernel { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nimport torch.nn.functional as F\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\n_cpp_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups);\n'''\n\n_cuda_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\ntemplate <typename scalar_t>\n__global__ void channel_shuffle_cl_kernel(const scalar_t* __restrict__ x, scalar_t* __restrict__ y,\n long total, int C, int H, int W, int groups) {\n long idx = blockIdx.x * (long)blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n long stride = (long)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n int cpg = C / groups;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int c = idx % C;\n long t = idx / C;\n int ci = (c % groups) * cpg + (c / groups);\n long in_idx = t * (long)C + ci;\n y[idx] = x[in_idx];\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups64) {\n TORCH_CHECK(input.is_cuda(), \"input must be CUDA\");\n TORCH_CHECK(input.dim() == 4, \"input must be NCHW\");\n int N = (int)input.size(0);\n int C = (int)input.size(1);\n int H = (int)input.size(2);\n int W = (int)input.size(3);\n int groups = (int)groups64;\n auto x = input.contiguous(at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);\n auto y = torch::empty_like(x, x.options(), at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);\n long total = (long)N * H * W * C;\n int threads = 256;\n int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);\n if (blocks > 65535) blocks = 65535;\n AT_DISPATCH_FLOATING_TYPES_AND_HALF(input.scalar_type(), \"channel_shuffle_cuda\", [&] {\n channel_shuffle_cl_kernel<scalar_t><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), y.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), total, C, H, W, groups);\n });\n return y;\n}\n'''\n_ext = load_inline(name='shufflenet_kernels_v1', cpp_sources=[_cpp_src], cuda_sources=[_cuda_src], functions=['channel_shuffle_cuda'], verbose=False, extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'], extra_cflags=['-O3'])\nclass ChannelShuffleNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, groups): super().__init__(); self.groups = groups\n def forward(self, x): return _ext.channel_shuffle_cuda(x, self.groups)\nclass ShuffleNetUnitNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels, groups=3):\n super().__init__(); assert out_channels % 4 == 0; mid_channels = out_channels // 4\n self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, mid_channels, 1, 1, 0, groups=groups, bias=False); self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)\n self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(mid_channels, mid_channels, 3, 1, 1, groups=mid_channels, bias=False); self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)\n self.conv3 = nn.Conv2d(mid_channels, out_channels, 1, 1, 0, groups=groups, bias=False); self.bn3 = nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)\n self.shuffle = ChannelShuffleNew(groups)\n self.shortcut = nn.Sequential() if in_channels == out_channels else nn.Sequential(nn.Conv2d(in_channels, out_channels, 1, 1, 0, bias=False), nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels))\n def forward(self, x):\n out = F.relu(self.bn1(self.conv1(x))); out = self.bn2(self.conv2(out)); out = self.shuffle(out); out = F.relu(self.bn3(self.conv3(out))); return out + self.shortcut(x)\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, num_classes=1000, groups=3, stages_repeats=[3, 7, 3], stages_out_channels=[24, 240, 480, 960]):\n super().__init__(); self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, stages_out_channels[0], 3, 2, 1, bias=False); self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(stages_out_channels[0]); self.maxpool = nn.MaxPool2d(3,2,1)\n self.stage2 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[0], stages_out_channels[1], stages_repeats[0], groups); self.stage3 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[1], stages_out_channels[2], stages_repeats[1], groups); self.stage4 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[2], stages_out_channels[3], stages_repeats[2], groups)\n self.conv5 = nn.Conv2d(stages_out_channels[3], 1024, 1, 1, 0, bias=False); self.bn5 = nn.BatchNorm2d(1024); self.fc = nn.Linear(1024, num_classes); self.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n def _make_stage(self, in_channels, out_channels, repeats, groups): return nn.Sequential(*([ShuffleNetUnitNew(in_channels, out_channels, groups)] + [ShuffleNetUnitNew(out_channels, out_channels, groups) for _ in range(1, repeats)]))\n def forward(self, x):\n x = x.contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last); x = F.relu(self.bn1(self.conv1(x))); x = self.maxpool(x); x = self.stage2(x); x = self.stage3(x); x = self.stage4(x); x = F.relu(self.bn5(self.conv5(x))); x = F.adaptive_avg_pool2d(x, (1,1)); return self.fc(torch.flatten(x,1))\n" }
result ← profile_kernel (ok)
okprofile_kernel profile_kernel PASSED: profiling complete. === Kernel Profile Summary === --- Kernel Breakdown (by GPU time) --- #1: aten::conv2d 208372.0μs (6%) calls=1 #2: aten::convolution 208359.0μs (6%) calls=1 #3: aten::_convolution 208338.0μs (6%) calls=1 #4: aten::cudnn_convolution 208284.0μs (6%) calls=1 #5: aten::conv2d 175178.0μs (5%) calls=1 ... +767 more kernels --- Timing --- GPU time: 9959.87 μs --- Memory Bandwidth --- DRAM BW: 219584.8/3350 GB/s (100.0%) read=166026.6 write=53558.2 GB/s Hit rates: L2=18807.1% --- Compute Throughput --- Dominant pipe: tensor-core util=444.4% Pipe util: FMA=3318.6%, Tensor=444.4% --- Roofline Analysis --- Ridge point (tensor-core): 295.22 FLOPs/byte Classification: COMPUTE-BOUND --- Occupancy --- Achieved: 11270.8% Eligible warps/cycle: 159.47 Launch: regs/thread=13429, smem/blk=4782976B, block=55872, grid=1105885 --- Memory Access Quality --- Global ld coalescing: 3052.27 sectors/req (3052.3x wasted BW) --- Warp Stall Reasons (% of issue cycles) --- long_scoreboard 809724.9% #################### short_scoreboard 81381.6% #################### mio_throttle 54156.5% #################### --- Optimization Hints --- -> 809725% stalls: global memory latency (waiting for DRAM/L2). + sectors/req=3052.3 -> uncoalesced global loads, restructure access pattern or use __ldg Try shared-memory tiling, prefetching, or reducing working set. -> Global load coalescing=3052.3x (ideal=1.0) -> 3052x wasted DRAM BW. Make per-warp accesses contiguous.
turn 3 · 1 tool call(s) · 30.9s turn · 30.9s LLM · 10,152 chars (click to expand)
turn 330.9s turn · 30.9s LLM · 0.0s tools
reasoning
**Optimizing model performance** I'm looking at a model's profile, and it seems to show over 9ms time, which might be acceptable, but I wonder if there's room to optimize further. The "conv2d" function takes a whopping 208ms, and the GPU time is 9959us, which isn't matching up. There are 767 kernels, implying a lot of tiny operations that could be reduced by merging batch normalization into the convolution. I need to check if this merging affects correctness during training versus evaluation mode. I can also test whether using fused methods in evaluation affects performance, while caching weights might minimize overhead. **Enhancing computation strategy** I'm considering the model's first forward pass, and I'm thinking about using lazy recomputation. If I'm loading the state dictionary right after initialization, I'll need to handle both training and evaluation modes. For checking correctness with multiple random states, a separate model for each trial could be useful. I might not need to detect parameter versions, but I should store cache buffers effectively. I can replace Conv + BN + ReLU with a more efficient fused approach, which could save around 1-2ms. Creating a FusedConvBN module sounds beneficial, but I need to ensure compatibility with existing state dictionaries. **Developing a fusion method** I'm thinking about creating a class method called `_fuse_all` that would traverse through the model's modules. For each `nn.Conv2d` followed by batch normalization (BN), I could handle them, but the pairs aren't automatically recognized. It might be better to define a function like `_fused_conv(module_id)`. To do this, I'll need a dictionary to map the convolution layers' IDs to their weights and biases, streamlining the fusion process effectively. This could help optimize performance quite a bit! **Evaluating fused convolutions** I’m looking into whether outputs from fused convolutions differ because of biases. I need to run some correctness tests, especially for the smaller models. Benchmarking might include a warmup, considering the potential fusion overhead. If there’s no warmup, I could end up with too much overhead. But maybe the overhead is negligible compared to the reference convolution time. I also need to ensure the weight format is contiguous, especially given the channels_last format. **Considering memory format for weights** I need to determine if preserving the memory format for fused weights is essential. The convolution weight's memory format, being channels_last, might not directly relate to the stride for the weights' shape (O, I, k, k). For a cuDNN 1x1 convolution, the weight format may not even matter. I could consider using w.contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last), but that might just create an additional copy during fusion. I really want to make sure the output remains consistent!
call → compile_kernel
callcompile_kernel { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nimport torch.nn.functional as F\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\n_cpp_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups);\n'''\n_cuda_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\ntemplate <typename scalar_t>\n__global__ void channel_shuffle_cl_kernel(const scalar_t* __restrict__ x, scalar_t* __restrict__ y, long total, int C, int groups) {\n long idx = blockIdx.x * (long)blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n long stride = (long)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n int cpg = C / groups;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int c = idx % C;\n int ci = (c % groups) * cpg + (c / groups);\n y[idx] = x[(idx - c) + ci];\n }\n}\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups64) {\n TORCH_CHECK(input.is_cuda(), \"input must be CUDA\");\n TORCH_CHECK(input.dim() == 4, \"input must be NCHW\");\n int C = (int)input.size(1);\n int groups = (int)groups64;\n auto x = input.contiguous(at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);\n auto y = torch::empty_like(x, x.options(), at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);\n long total = (long)input.size(0) * input.size(2) * input.size(3) * input.size(1);\n int threads = 256;\n int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);\n if (blocks > 65535) blocks = 65535;\n AT_DISPATCH_FLOATING_TYPES_AND_HALF(input.scalar_type(), \"channel_shuffle_cuda\", [&] {\n channel_shuffle_cl_kernel<scalar_t><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), y.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), total, C, groups);\n });\n return y;\n}\n'''\n_ext = load_inline(name='shufflenet_kernels_v2', cpp_sources=[_cpp_src], cuda_sources=[_cuda_src], functions=['channel_shuffle_cuda'], verbose=False, extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'], extra_cflags=['-O3'])\n\ndef _fuse_conv_bn(conv, bn):\n scale = bn.weight / torch.sqrt(bn.running_var + bn.eps)\n w = conv.weight * scale.reshape(-1, 1, 1, 1)\n w = w.contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n b = bn.bias - bn.running_mean * scale\n return w, b.contiguous()\n\ndef _conv_bn(x, conv, bn, cache, key, relu=False):\n if conv.training or bn.training:\n y = bn(conv(x))\n else:\n item = cache.get(key)\n if item is None or item[0].device != conv.weight.device:\n with torch.no_grad():\n item = _fuse_conv_bn(conv, bn)\n cache[key] = item\n w, b = item\n y = F.conv2d(x, w, b, conv.stride, conv.padding, conv.dilation, conv.groups)\n return F.relu(y) if relu else y\n\nclass ChannelShuffleNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, groups): super().__init__(); self.groups = groups\n def forward(self, x): return _ext.channel_shuffle_cuda(x, self.groups)\n\nclass ShuffleNetUnitNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels, groups=3):\n super().__init__(); assert out_channels % 4 == 0; mid_channels = out_channels // 4\n self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, mid_channels, 1, 1, 0, groups=groups, bias=False); self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)\n self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(mid_channels, mid_channels, 3, 1, 1, groups=mid_channels, bias=False); self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)\n self.conv3 = nn.Conv2d(mid_channels, out_channels, 1, 1, 0, groups=groups, bias=False); self.bn3 = nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)\n self.shuffle = ChannelShuffleNew(groups)\n if in_channels == out_channels:\n self.shortcut = nn.Sequential()\n else:\n self.shortcut = nn.Sequential(nn.Conv2d(in_channels, out_channels, 1, 1, 0, bias=False), nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels))\n self._cache = {}\n def forward(self, x):\n out = _conv_bn(x, self.conv1, self.bn1, self._cache, '1', True)\n out = _conv_bn(out, self.conv2, self.bn2, self._cache, '2', False)\n out = self.shuffle(out)\n out = _conv_bn(out, self.conv3, self.bn3, self._cache, '3', True)\n if len(self.shortcut) == 0:\n sc = x\n else:\n sc = _conv_bn(x, self.shortcut[0], self.shortcut[1], self._cache, 's', False)\n return out + sc\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, num_classes=1000, groups=3, stages_repeats=[3, 7, 3], stages_out_channels=[24, 240, 480, 960]):\n super().__init__()\n self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, stages_out_channels[0], 3, 2, 1, bias=False); self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(stages_out_channels[0])\n self.maxpool = nn.MaxPool2d(3, 2, 1)\n self.stage2 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[0], stages_out_channels[1], stages_repeats[0], groups)\n self.stage3 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[1], stages_out_channels[2], stages_repeats[1], groups)\n self.stage4 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[2], stages_out_channels[3], stages_repeats[2], groups)\n self.conv5 = nn.Conv2d(stages_out_channels[3], 1024, 1, 1, 0, bias=False); self.bn5 = nn.BatchNorm2d(1024)\n self.fc = nn.Linear(1024, num_classes)\n self._cache = {}\n self.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n def _make_stage(self, in_channels, out_channels, repeats, groups):\n return nn.Sequential(*([ShuffleNetUnitNew(in_channels, out_channels, groups)] + [ShuffleNetUnitNew(out_channels, out_channels, groups) for _ in range(1, repeats)]))\n def _clear_cache(self):\n self._cache.clear()\n for m in self.modules():\n if isinstance(m, ShuffleNetUnitNew): m._cache.clear()\n def load_state_dict(self, state_dict, strict=True, assign=False):\n r = super().load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=strict, assign=assign)\n self._clear_cache()\n return r\n def train(self, mode=True):\n r = super().train(mode)\n self._clear_cache()\n return r\n def forward(self, x):\n x = x.contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n x = _conv_bn(x, self.conv1, self.bn1, self._cache, 'stem', True)\n x = self.maxpool(x)\n x = self.stage2(x); x = self.stage3(x); x = self.stage4(x)\n x = _conv_bn(x, self.conv5, self.bn5, self._cache, 'conv5', True)\n x = F.adaptive_avg_pool2d(x, (1, 1))\n return self.fc(torch.flatten(x, 1))\n" }
result ← compile_kernel (ok)
okcompile_kernel compile_kernel PASSED: kernel compiled without errors.
turn 4 · 1 tool call(s) · 11.4s turn · 11.4s LLM · 7,014 chars (click to expand)
turn 411.4s turn · 11.4s LLM · 0.0s tools
call → run_correctness
callrun_correctness { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nimport torch.nn.functional as F\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\n_cpp_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups);\n'''\n_cuda_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\ntemplate <typename scalar_t>\n__global__ void channel_shuffle_cl_kernel(const scalar_t* __restrict__ x, scalar_t* __restrict__ y, long total, int C, int groups) {\n long idx = blockIdx.x * (long)blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n long stride = (long)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n int cpg = C / groups;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int c = idx % C;\n int ci = (c % groups) * cpg + (c / groups);\n y[idx] = x[(idx - c) + ci];\n }\n}\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups64) {\n TORCH_CHECK(input.is_cuda(), \"input must be CUDA\");\n TORCH_CHECK(input.dim() == 4, \"input must be NCHW\");\n int C = (int)input.size(1);\n int groups = (int)groups64;\n auto x = input.contiguous(at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);\n auto y = torch::empty_like(x, x.options(), at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);\n long total = (long)input.size(0) * input.size(2) * input.size(3) * input.size(1);\n int threads = 256;\n int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);\n if (blocks > 65535) blocks = 65535;\n AT_DISPATCH_FLOATING_TYPES_AND_HALF(input.scalar_type(), \"channel_shuffle_cuda\", [&] {\n channel_shuffle_cl_kernel<scalar_t><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), y.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), total, C, groups);\n });\n return y;\n}\n'''\n_ext = load_inline(name='shufflenet_kernels_v2', cpp_sources=[_cpp_src], cuda_sources=[_cuda_src], functions=['channel_shuffle_cuda'], verbose=False, extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'], extra_cflags=['-O3'])\n\ndef _fuse_conv_bn(conv, bn):\n scale = bn.weight / torch.sqrt(bn.running_var + bn.eps)\n w = conv.weight * scale.reshape(-1, 1, 1, 1)\n w = w.contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n b = bn.bias - bn.running_mean * scale\n return w, b.contiguous()\n\ndef _conv_bn(x, conv, bn, cache, key, relu=False):\n if conv.training or bn.training:\n y = bn(conv(x))\n else:\n item = cache.get(key)\n if item is None or item[0].device != conv.weight.device:\n with torch.no_grad():\n item = _fuse_conv_bn(conv, bn)\n cache[key] = item\n w, b = item\n y = F.conv2d(x, w, b, conv.stride, conv.padding, conv.dilation, conv.groups)\n return F.relu(y) if relu else y\n\nclass ChannelShuffleNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, groups): super().__init__(); self.groups = groups\n def forward(self, x): return _ext.channel_shuffle_cuda(x, self.groups)\nclass ShuffleNetUnitNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels, groups=3):\n super().__init__(); assert out_channels % 4 == 0; mid_channels = out_channels // 4\n self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, mid_channels, 1, 1, 0, groups=groups, bias=False); self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)\n self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(mid_channels, mid_channels, 3, 1, 1, groups=mid_channels, bias=False); self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)\n self.conv3 = nn.Conv2d(mid_channels, out_channels, 1, 1, 0, groups=groups, bias=False); self.bn3 = nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)\n self.shuffle = ChannelShuffleNew(groups)\n self.shortcut = nn.Sequential() if in_channels == out_channels else nn.Sequential(nn.Conv2d(in_channels, out_channels, 1, 1, 0, bias=False), nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels))\n self._cache = {}\n def forward(self, x):\n out = _conv_bn(x, self.conv1, self.bn1, self._cache, '1', True)\n out = _conv_bn(out, self.conv2, self.bn2, self._cache, '2', False)\n out = self.shuffle(out)\n out = _conv_bn(out, self.conv3, self.bn3, self._cache, '3', True)\n sc = x if len(self.shortcut) == 0 else _conv_bn(x, self.shortcut[0], self.shortcut[1], self._cache, 's', False)\n return out + sc\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, num_classes=1000, groups=3, stages_repeats=[3, 7, 3], stages_out_channels=[24, 240, 480, 960]):\n super().__init__()\n self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, stages_out_channels[0], 3, 2, 1, bias=False); self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(stages_out_channels[0]); self.maxpool = nn.MaxPool2d(3, 2, 1)\n self.stage2 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[0], stages_out_channels[1], stages_repeats[0], groups); self.stage3 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[1], stages_out_channels[2], stages_repeats[1], groups); self.stage4 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[2], stages_out_channels[3], stages_repeats[2], groups)\n self.conv5 = nn.Conv2d(stages_out_channels[3], 1024, 1, 1, 0, bias=False); self.bn5 = nn.BatchNorm2d(1024); self.fc = nn.Linear(1024, num_classes); self._cache = {}; self.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n def _make_stage(self, in_channels, out_channels, repeats, groups): return nn.Sequential(*([ShuffleNetUnitNew(in_channels, out_channels, groups)] + [ShuffleNetUnitNew(out_channels, out_channels, groups) for _ in range(1, repeats)]))\n def _clear_cache(self):\n self._cache.clear()\n for m in self.modules():\n if isinstance(m, ShuffleNetUnitNew): m._cache.clear()\n def load_state_dict(self, state_dict, strict=True, assign=False):\n r = super().load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=strict, assign=assign); self._clear_cache(); return r\n def train(self, mode=True):\n r = super().train(mode); self._clear_cache(); return r\n def forward(self, x):\n x = x.contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n x = _conv_bn(x, self.conv1, self.bn1, self._cache, 'stem', True)\n x = self.maxpool(x); x = self.stage2(x); x = self.stage3(x); x = self.stage4(x)\n x = _conv_bn(x, self.conv5, self.bn5, self._cache, 'conv5', True)\n x = F.adaptive_avg_pool2d(x, (1, 1))\n return self.fc(torch.flatten(x, 1))\n" }
result ← run_correctness (ok)
okrun_correctness run_correctness PASSED: (5 / 5) trials all matched the reference. Numerical precision: max_abs_err=1.38e-05 mean_abs_err=2.55e-06 max_rel_err=3.29e-01
turn 5 · 1 tool call(s) · 11.0s turn · 11.0s LLM · 6,619 chars (click to expand)
turn 511.0s turn · 11.0s LLM · 0.0s tools
reasoning
**Exploring model training** I’m pondering whether “same max” indicates that I might be in a training branch. If the model is still training, that could explain why it’s fused and is set to default. Did I call model.eval correctly? Since the max is the same as the previous, perhaps it’s in an evaluation state while still being fused closely. I really need to profile this fused setup to understand it better!
call → profile_kernel
callprofile_kernel { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nimport torch.nn.functional as F\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n_cpp_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups);\n'''\n_cuda_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\ntemplate <typename scalar_t>\n__global__ void channel_shuffle_cl_kernel(const scalar_t* __restrict__ x, scalar_t* __restrict__ y, long total, int C, int groups) {\n long idx = blockIdx.x * (long)blockDim.x + threadIdx.x; long stride = (long)blockDim.x * gridDim.x; int cpg = C / groups;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) { int c = idx % C; int ci = (c % groups) * cpg + (c / groups); y[idx] = x[(idx - c) + ci]; }\n}\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups64) {\n int C = (int)input.size(1); int groups = (int)groups64; auto x = input.contiguous(at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast); auto y = torch::empty_like(x, x.options(), at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);\n long total = (long)input.size(0) * input.size(2) * input.size(3) * input.size(1); int threads = 256; int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads); if (blocks > 65535) blocks = 65535;\n AT_DISPATCH_FLOATING_TYPES_AND_HALF(input.scalar_type(), \"channel_shuffle_cuda\", [&] { channel_shuffle_cl_kernel<scalar_t><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), y.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), total, C, groups); }); return y;\n}\n'''\n_ext = load_inline(name='shufflenet_kernels_v2', cpp_sources=[_cpp_src], cuda_sources=[_cuda_src], functions=['channel_shuffle_cuda'], verbose=False, extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'], extra_cflags=['-O3'])\ndef _fuse_conv_bn(conv, bn):\n scale = bn.weight / torch.sqrt(bn.running_var + bn.eps); w = (conv.weight * scale.reshape(-1,1,1,1)).contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last); b = (bn.bias - bn.running_mean * scale).contiguous(); return w,b\ndef _conv_bn(x, conv, bn, cache, key, relu=False):\n if conv.training or bn.training: y = bn(conv(x))\n else:\n item = cache.get(key)\n if item is None or item[0].device != conv.weight.device:\n with torch.no_grad(): item = _fuse_conv_bn(conv,bn)\n cache[key] = item\n y = F.conv2d(x, item[0], item[1], conv.stride, conv.padding, conv.dilation, conv.groups)\n return F.relu(y) if relu else y\nclass ChannelShuffleNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, groups): super().__init__(); self.groups=groups\n def forward(self,x): return _ext.channel_shuffle_cuda(x,self.groups)\nclass ShuffleNetUnitNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self,in_channels,out_channels,groups=3):\n super().__init__(); mid_channels=out_channels//4; self.conv1=nn.Conv2d(in_channels,mid_channels,1,1,0,groups=groups,bias=False); self.bn1=nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels); self.conv2=nn.Conv2d(mid_channels,mid_channels,3,1,1,groups=mid_channels,bias=False); self.bn2=nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels); self.conv3=nn.Conv2d(mid_channels,out_channels,1,1,0,groups=groups,bias=False); self.bn3=nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels); self.shuffle=ChannelShuffleNew(groups); self.shortcut=nn.Sequential() if in_channels==out_channels else nn.Sequential(nn.Conv2d(in_channels,out_channels,1,1,0,bias=False),nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)); self._cache={}\n def forward(self,x):\n out=_conv_bn(x,self.conv1,self.bn1,self._cache,'1',True); out=_conv_bn(out,self.conv2,self.bn2,self._cache,'2',False); out=self.shuffle(out); out=_conv_bn(out,self.conv3,self.bn3,self._cache,'3',True); sc=x if len(self.shortcut)==0 else _conv_bn(x,self.shortcut[0],self.shortcut[1],self._cache,'s',False); return out+sc\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self,num_classes=1000,groups=3,stages_repeats=[3,7,3],stages_out_channels=[24,240,480,960]):\n super().__init__(); self.conv1=nn.Conv2d(3,stages_out_channels[0],3,2,1,bias=False); self.bn1=nn.BatchNorm2d(stages_out_channels[0]); self.maxpool=nn.MaxPool2d(3,2,1); self.stage2=self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[0],stages_out_channels[1],stages_repeats[0],groups); self.stage3=self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[1],stages_out_channels[2],stages_repeats[1],groups); self.stage4=self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[2],stages_out_channels[3],stages_repeats[2],groups); self.conv5=nn.Conv2d(stages_out_channels[3],1024,1,1,0,bias=False); self.bn5=nn.BatchNorm2d(1024); self.fc=nn.Linear(1024,num_classes); self._cache={}; self.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n def _make_stage(self,i,o,r,g): return nn.Sequential(*([ShuffleNetUnitNew(i,o,g)]+[ShuffleNetUnitNew(o,o,g) for _ in range(1,r)]))\n def _clear_cache(self):\n self._cache.clear(); [m._cache.clear() for m in self.modules() if isinstance(m,ShuffleNetUnitNew)]\n def load_state_dict(self,state_dict,strict=True,assign=False): r=super().load_state_dict(state_dict,strict=strict,assign=assign); self._clear_cache(); return r\n def train(self,mode=True): r=super().train(mode); self._clear_cache(); return r\n def forward(self,x):\n x=x.contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last); x=_conv_bn(x,self.conv1,self.bn1,self._cache,'stem',True); x=self.maxpool(x); x=self.stage2(x); x=self.stage3(x); x=self.stage4(x); x=_conv_bn(x,self.conv5,self.bn5,self._cache,'conv5',True); x=F.adaptive_avg_pool2d(x,(1,1)); return self.fc(torch.flatten(x,1))\n" }
result ← profile_kernel (fail)
failprofile_kernel profile_kernel FAILED: profiling timed out (900s).
turn 6 · 1 tool call(s) · 49.2s turn · 49.2s LLM · 10,060 chars (click to expand)
turn 649.2s turn · 49.2s LLM · 0.0s tools
reasoning
**Evaluating PyTorch Implementation** I'm considering using `torch.relu_` after Batch Normalization because previously, the use of `F.relu` was out-of-place. While it was fine for correctness, I wonder if using in-place operations during training would be better. Since the output from Batch Normalization (BN) isn't used, I'm curious about how that impacts the kernels. It seems the same kernel is used without new allocations. I’ll refer to the PyTorch documentation to confirm how this decision might affect speed. **Considering weight assignment in harness** I’m thinking about the harness and how it might use load_state_dict, but the assign argument isn't passed. That seems fine, but I wonder if setting assign=True would affect how weights are handled with the default NCHW format when the input is channels_last. It might make the convolution process slower. I’m curious how that impacts performance overall and if it’s worth looking into further adjustments.
call → compile_kernel
callcompile_kernel { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nimport torch.nn.functional as F\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\n_cpp_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups);\n'''\n\n_cuda_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\ntemplate<int C>\n__global__ void channel_shuffle_g3_kernel(const float* __restrict__ x, float* __restrict__ y, long pixels) {\n long p = blockIdx.x * (long)blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n long stride = (long)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n constexpr int cpg = C / 3;\n for (; p < pixels; p += stride) {\n long base = p * (long)C;\n #pragma unroll\n for (int c = 0; c < C; ++c) {\n int ci = (c % 3) * cpg + (c / 3);\n y[base + c] = x[base + ci];\n }\n }\n}\n\ntemplate <typename scalar_t>\n__global__ void channel_shuffle_generic_kernel(const scalar_t* __restrict__ x, scalar_t* __restrict__ y, long total, int C, int groups) {\n long idx = blockIdx.x * (long)blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n long stride = (long)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n int cpg = C / groups;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int c = idx % C;\n int ci = (c % groups) * cpg + (c / groups);\n y[idx] = x[(idx - c) + ci];\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups64) {\n TORCH_CHECK(input.is_cuda(), \"input must be CUDA\");\n TORCH_CHECK(input.dim() == 4, \"input must be NCHW\");\n int C = (int)input.size(1);\n int groups = (int)groups64;\n auto x = input.contiguous(at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);\n auto y = torch::empty_like(x, x.options(), at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);\n long pixels = (long)input.size(0) * input.size(2) * input.size(3);\n if (x.scalar_type() == at::kFloat && groups == 3 && (C == 60 || C == 120 || C == 240)) {\n int threads = 128;\n int blocks = (int)((pixels + threads - 1) / threads);\n if (blocks > 65535) blocks = 65535;\n if (C == 60) channel_shuffle_g3_kernel<60><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<float>(), y.data_ptr<float>(), pixels);\n else if (C == 120) channel_shuffle_g3_kernel<120><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<float>(), y.data_ptr<float>(), pixels);\n else channel_shuffle_g3_kernel<240><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<float>(), y.data_ptr<float>(), pixels);\n } else {\n long total = pixels * (long)C;\n int threads = 256;\n int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);\n if (blocks > 65535) blocks = 65535;\n AT_DISPATCH_FLOATING_TYPES_AND_HALF(input.scalar_type(), \"channel_shuffle_cuda\", [&] {\n channel_shuffle_generic_kernel<scalar_t><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), y.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), total, C, groups);\n });\n }\n return y;\n}\n'''\n\n_ext = load_inline(name='shufflenet_kernels_final_a', cpp_sources=[_cpp_src], cuda_sources=[_cuda_src], functions=['channel_shuffle_cuda'], verbose=False, extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'], extra_cflags=['-O3'])\n\ndef _fuse_conv_bn(conv, bn):\n scale = bn.weight / torch.sqrt(bn.running_var + bn.eps)\n w = (conv.weight * scale.reshape(-1, 1, 1, 1)).contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n b = (bn.bias - bn.running_mean * scale).contiguous()\n return w, b\n\ndef _conv_bn(x, conv, bn, cache, key, relu=False):\n if conv.training or bn.training:\n y = bn(conv(x))\n else:\n item = cache.get(key)\n if item is None or item[0].device != conv.weight.device or item[0].dtype != conv.weight.dtype:\n with torch.no_grad():\n item = _fuse_conv_bn(conv, bn)\n cache[key] = item\n y = F.conv2d(x, item[0], item[1], conv.stride, conv.padding, conv.dilation, conv.groups)\n if relu:\n return torch.relu_(y)\n return y\n\nclass ChannelShuffleNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, groups):\n super().__init__()\n self.groups = groups\n def forward(self, x):\n return _ext.channel_shuffle_cuda(x, self.groups)\n\nclass ShuffleNetUnitNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels, groups=3):\n super().__init__()\n assert out_channels % 4 == 0\n mid_channels = out_channels // 4\n self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, mid_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, groups=groups, bias=False)\n self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)\n self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(mid_channels, mid_channels, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1, groups=mid_channels, bias=False)\n self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)\n self.conv3 = nn.Conv2d(mid_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, groups=groups, bias=False)\n self.bn3 = nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)\n self.shuffle = ChannelShuffleNew(groups)\n if in_channels == out_channels:\n self.shortcut = nn.Sequential()\n else:\n self.shortcut = nn.Sequential(\n nn.Conv2d(in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=False),\n nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)\n )\n self._cache = {}\n def forward(self, x):\n out = _conv_bn(x, self.conv1, self.bn1, self._cache, '1', True)\n out = _conv_bn(out, self.conv2, self.bn2, self._cache, '2', False)\n out = self.shuffle(out)\n out = _conv_bn(out, self.conv3, self.bn3, self._cache, '3', True)\n if len(self.shortcut) == 0:\n return out.add_(x)\n sc = _conv_bn(x, self.shortcut[0], self.shortcut[1], self._cache, 's', False)\n return out.add_(sc)\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, num_classes=1000, groups=3, stages_repeats=[3, 7, 3], stages_out_channels=[24, 240, 480, 960]):\n super().__init__()\n self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, stages_out_channels[0], kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1, bias=False)\n self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(stages_out_channels[0])\n self.maxpool = nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1)\n self.stage2 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[0], stages_out_channels[1], stages_repeats[0], groups)\n self.stage3 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[1], stages_out_channels[2], stages_repeats[1], groups)\n self.stage4 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[2], stages_out_channels[3], stages_repeats[2], groups)\n self.conv5 = nn.Conv2d(stages_out_channels[3], 1024, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=False)\n self.bn5 = nn.BatchNorm2d(1024)\n self.fc = nn.Linear(1024, num_classes)\n self._cache = {}\n self.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n def _make_stage(self, in_channels, out_channels, repeats, groups):\n layers = [ShuffleNetUnitNew(in_channels, out_channels, groups)]\n for _ in range(1, repeats):\n layers.append(ShuffleNetUnitNew(out_channels, out_channels, groups))\n return nn.Sequential(*layers)\n def _clear_cache(self):\n self._cache.clear()\n for m in self.modules():\n if isinstance(m, ShuffleNetUnitNew):\n m._cache.clear()\n def load_state_dict(self, state_dict, strict=True, assign=False):\n res = super().load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=strict, assign=assign)\n self.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n self._clear_cache()\n return res\n def train(self, mode=True):\n res = super().train(mode)\n self._clear_cache()\n return res\n def forward(self, x):\n x = x.contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n x = _conv_bn(x, self.conv1, self.bn1, self._cache, 'stem', True)\n x = self.maxpool(x)\n x = self.stage2(x)\n x = self.stage3(x)\n x = self.stage4(x)\n x = _conv_bn(x, self.conv5, self.bn5, self._cache, 'conv5', True)\n x = F.adaptive_avg_pool2d(x, (1, 1))\n x = torch.flatten(x, 1)\n return self.fc(x)\n" }
result ← compile_kernel (ok)
okcompile_kernel compile_kernel PASSED: kernel compiled without errors.
turn 7 · 1 tool call(s) · 16.0s turn · 16.0s LLM · 9,084 chars (click to expand)
turn 716.0s turn · 16.0s LLM · 0.0s tools
call → run_correctness
callrun_correctness { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nimport torch.nn.functional as F\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\n_cpp_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups);\n'''\n\n_cuda_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\ntemplate<int C>\n__global__ void channel_shuffle_g3_kernel(const float* __restrict__ x, float* __restrict__ y, long pixels) {\n long p = blockIdx.x * (long)blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n long stride = (long)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n constexpr int cpg = C / 3;\n for (; p < pixels; p += stride) {\n long base = p * (long)C;\n #pragma unroll\n for (int c = 0; c < C; ++c) {\n int ci = (c % 3) * cpg + (c / 3);\n y[base + c] = x[base + ci];\n }\n }\n}\n\ntemplate <typename scalar_t>\n__global__ void channel_shuffle_generic_kernel(const scalar_t* __restrict__ x, scalar_t* __restrict__ y, long total, int C, int groups) {\n long idx = blockIdx.x * (long)blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n long stride = (long)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n int cpg = C / groups;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int c = idx % C;\n int ci = (c % groups) * cpg + (c / groups);\n y[idx] = x[(idx - c) + ci];\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups64) {\n TORCH_CHECK(input.is_cuda(), \"input must be CUDA\");\n TORCH_CHECK(input.dim() == 4, \"input must be NCHW\");\n int C = (int)input.size(1);\n int groups = (int)groups64;\n auto x = input.contiguous(at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);\n auto y = torch::empty_like(x, x.options(), at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);\n long pixels = (long)input.size(0) * input.size(2) * input.size(3);\n if (x.scalar_type() == at::kFloat && groups == 3 && (C == 60 || C == 120 || C == 240)) {\n int threads = 128;\n int blocks = (int)((pixels + threads - 1) / threads);\n if (blocks > 65535) blocks = 65535;\n if (C == 60) channel_shuffle_g3_kernel<60><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<float>(), y.data_ptr<float>(), pixels);\n else if (C == 120) channel_shuffle_g3_kernel<120><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<float>(), y.data_ptr<float>(), pixels);\n else channel_shuffle_g3_kernel<240><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<float>(), y.data_ptr<float>(), pixels);\n } else {\n long total = pixels * (long)C;\n int threads = 256;\n int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);\n if (blocks > 65535) blocks = 65535;\n AT_DISPATCH_FLOATING_TYPES_AND_HALF(input.scalar_type(), \"channel_shuffle_cuda\", [&] {\n channel_shuffle_generic_kernel<scalar_t><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), y.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), total, C, groups);\n });\n }\n return y;\n}\n'''\n\n_ext = load_inline(name='shufflenet_kernels_final_a', cpp_sources=[_cpp_src], cuda_sources=[_cuda_src], functions=['channel_shuffle_cuda'], verbose=False, extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'], extra_cflags=['-O3'])\n\ndef _fuse_conv_bn(conv, bn):\n scale = bn.weight / torch.sqrt(bn.running_var + bn.eps)\n w = (conv.weight * scale.reshape(-1, 1, 1, 1)).contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n b = (bn.bias - bn.running_mean * scale).contiguous()\n return w, b\n\ndef _conv_bn(x, conv, bn, cache, key, relu=False):\n if conv.training or bn.training:\n y = bn(conv(x))\n else:\n item = cache.get(key)\n if item is None or item[0].device != conv.weight.device or item[0].dtype != conv.weight.dtype:\n with torch.no_grad():\n item = _fuse_conv_bn(conv, bn)\n cache[key] = item\n y = F.conv2d(x, item[0], item[1], conv.stride, conv.padding, conv.dilation, conv.groups)\n if relu:\n return torch.relu_(y)\n return y\n\nclass ChannelShuffleNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, groups):\n super().__init__()\n self.groups = groups\n def forward(self, x):\n return _ext.channel_shuffle_cuda(x, self.groups)\n\nclass ShuffleNetUnitNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels, groups=3):\n super().__init__()\n assert out_channels % 4 == 0\n mid_channels = out_channels // 4\n self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, mid_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, groups=groups, bias=False)\n self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)\n self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(mid_channels, mid_channels, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1, groups=mid_channels, bias=False)\n self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)\n self.conv3 = nn.Conv2d(mid_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, groups=groups, bias=False)\n self.bn3 = nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)\n self.shuffle = ChannelShuffleNew(groups)\n if in_channels == out_channels:\n self.shortcut = nn.Sequential()\n else:\n self.shortcut = nn.Sequential(\n nn.Conv2d(in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=False),\n nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)\n )\n self._cache = {}\n def forward(self, x):\n out = _conv_bn(x, self.conv1, self.bn1, self._cache, '1', True)\n out = _conv_bn(out, self.conv2, self.bn2, self._cache, '2', False)\n out = self.shuffle(out)\n out = _conv_bn(out, self.conv3, self.bn3, self._cache, '3', True)\n if len(self.shortcut) == 0:\n return out.add_(x)\n sc = _conv_bn(x, self.shortcut[0], self.shortcut[1], self._cache, 's', False)\n return out.add_(sc)\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, num_classes=1000, groups=3, stages_repeats=[3, 7, 3], stages_out_channels=[24, 240, 480, 960]):\n super().__init__()\n self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, stages_out_channels[0], kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1, bias=False)\n self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(stages_out_channels[0])\n self.maxpool = nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1)\n self.stage2 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[0], stages_out_channels[1], stages_repeats[0], groups)\n self.stage3 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[1], stages_out_channels[2], stages_repeats[1], groups)\n self.stage4 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[2], stages_out_channels[3], stages_repeats[2], groups)\n self.conv5 = nn.Conv2d(stages_out_channels[3], 1024, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=False)\n self.bn5 = nn.BatchNorm2d(1024)\n self.fc = nn.Linear(1024, num_classes)\n self._cache = {}\n self.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n def _make_stage(self, in_channels, out_channels, repeats, groups):\n layers = [ShuffleNetUnitNew(in_channels, out_channels, groups)]\n for _ in range(1, repeats):\n layers.append(ShuffleNetUnitNew(out_channels, out_channels, groups))\n return nn.Sequential(*layers)\n def _clear_cache(self):\n self._cache.clear()\n for m in self.modules():\n if isinstance(m, ShuffleNetUnitNew):\n m._cache.clear()\n def load_state_dict(self, state_dict, strict=True, assign=False):\n res = super().load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=strict, assign=assign)\n self.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n self._clear_cache()\n return res\n def train(self, mode=True):\n res = super().train(mode)\n self._clear_cache()\n return res\n def forward(self, x):\n x = x.contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n x = _conv_bn(x, self.conv1, self.bn1, self._cache, 'stem', True)\n x = self.maxpool(x)\n x = self.stage2(x)\n x = self.stage3(x)\n x = self.stage4(x)\n x = _conv_bn(x, self.conv5, self.bn5, self._cache, 'conv5', True)\n x = F.adaptive_avg_pool2d(x, (1, 1))\n x = torch.flatten(x, 1)\n return self.fc(x)\n" }
result ← run_correctness (ok)
okrun_correctness run_correctness PASSED: (5 / 5) trials all matched the reference. Numerical precision: max_abs_err=1.38e-05 mean_abs_err=2.55e-06 max_rel_err=3.29e-01
turn 8 · 1 tool call(s) · 16.7s turn · 16.7s LLM · 8,764 chars (click to expand)
turn 816.7s turn · 16.7s LLM · 0.0s tools
reasoning
**Evaluating kernel performance** I need to compare performance, possibly submitting only the best results. I'm considering if a specialized shuffle kernel is efficient since one thread copies an entire C, which might limit parallelism. If each pixel is assigned to a single thread, that leads to many threads but might not be coalesced across them due to how memory addresses are structured. I think I should revert to the original generic kernel to improve coalescence across threads and maintain efficiency. **Finalizing thread implementation** I’m deciding to use one thread element since it seems better than going for the generic approach. I want to implement a template with an integer C for a linear setup. Organizing it into groups of three and using a total number of blocks feels like a good strategy. I think I'll finalize this with the template for a linear structure and see how it performs overall. This should hopefully enhance efficiency!
call → compile_kernel
callcompile_kernel { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nimport torch.nn.functional as F\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\n_cpp_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups);\n'''\n_cuda_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\ntemplate<int C>\n__global__ void channel_shuffle_g3_linear_kernel(const float* __restrict__ x, float* __restrict__ y, long total) {\n long idx = blockIdx.x * (long)blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n long stride = (long)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n constexpr int cpg = C / 3;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int c = idx % C;\n int ci = (c % 3) * cpg + (c / 3);\n y[idx] = x[(idx - c) + ci];\n }\n}\n\ntemplate <typename scalar_t>\n__global__ void channel_shuffle_generic_kernel(const scalar_t* __restrict__ x, scalar_t* __restrict__ y, long total, int C, int groups) {\n long idx = blockIdx.x * (long)blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n long stride = (long)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n int cpg = C / groups;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int c = idx % C;\n int ci = (c % groups) * cpg + (c / groups);\n y[idx] = x[(idx - c) + ci];\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups64) {\n TORCH_CHECK(input.is_cuda(), \"input must be CUDA\");\n TORCH_CHECK(input.dim() == 4, \"input must be NCHW\");\n int C = (int)input.size(1);\n int groups = (int)groups64;\n auto x = input.contiguous(at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);\n auto y = torch::empty_like(x, x.options(), at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);\n long total = (long)input.size(0) * input.size(2) * input.size(3) * input.size(1);\n int threads = 256;\n int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);\n if (blocks > 65535) blocks = 65535;\n if (x.scalar_type() == at::kFloat && groups == 3 && (C == 60 || C == 120 || C == 240)) {\n if (C == 60) channel_shuffle_g3_linear_kernel<60><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<float>(), y.data_ptr<float>(), total);\n else if (C == 120) channel_shuffle_g3_linear_kernel<120><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<float>(), y.data_ptr<float>(), total);\n else channel_shuffle_g3_linear_kernel<240><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<float>(), y.data_ptr<float>(), total);\n } else {\n AT_DISPATCH_FLOATING_TYPES_AND_HALF(input.scalar_type(), \"channel_shuffle_cuda\", [&] {\n channel_shuffle_generic_kernel<scalar_t><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), y.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), total, C, groups);\n });\n }\n return y;\n}\n'''\n_ext = load_inline(name='shufflenet_kernels_final_b', cpp_sources=[_cpp_src], cuda_sources=[_cuda_src], functions=['channel_shuffle_cuda'], verbose=False, extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'], extra_cflags=['-O3'])\ndef _fuse_conv_bn(conv, bn):\n scale = bn.weight / torch.sqrt(bn.running_var + bn.eps)\n w = (conv.weight * scale.reshape(-1, 1, 1, 1)).contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n b = (bn.bias - bn.running_mean * scale).contiguous()\n return w, b\ndef _conv_bn(x, conv, bn, cache, key, relu=False):\n if conv.training or bn.training:\n y = bn(conv(x))\n else:\n item = cache.get(key)\n if item is None or item[0].device != conv.weight.device or item[0].dtype != conv.weight.dtype:\n with torch.no_grad(): item = _fuse_conv_bn(conv, bn)\n cache[key] = item\n y = F.conv2d(x, item[0], item[1], conv.stride, conv.padding, conv.dilation, conv.groups)\n return torch.relu_(y) if relu else y\nclass ChannelShuffleNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, groups): super().__init__(); self.groups=groups\n def forward(self,x): return _ext.channel_shuffle_cuda(x,self.groups)\nclass ShuffleNetUnitNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self,in_channels,out_channels,groups=3):\n super().__init__(); assert out_channels%4==0; mid_channels=out_channels//4\n self.conv1=nn.Conv2d(in_channels,mid_channels,1,1,0,groups=groups,bias=False); self.bn1=nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)\n self.conv2=nn.Conv2d(mid_channels,mid_channels,3,1,1,groups=mid_channels,bias=False); self.bn2=nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)\n self.conv3=nn.Conv2d(mid_channels,out_channels,1,1,0,groups=groups,bias=False); self.bn3=nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)\n self.shuffle=ChannelShuffleNew(groups); self.shortcut=nn.Sequential() if in_channels==out_channels else nn.Sequential(nn.Conv2d(in_channels,out_channels,1,1,0,bias=False),nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)); self._cache={}\n def forward(self,x):\n out=_conv_bn(x,self.conv1,self.bn1,self._cache,'1',True); out=_conv_bn(out,self.conv2,self.bn2,self._cache,'2',False); out=self.shuffle(out); out=_conv_bn(out,self.conv3,self.bn3,self._cache,'3',True)\n if len(self.shortcut)==0: return out.add_(x)\n return out.add_(_conv_bn(x,self.shortcut[0],self.shortcut[1],self._cache,'s',False))\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self,num_classes=1000,groups=3,stages_repeats=[3,7,3],stages_out_channels=[24,240,480,960]):\n super().__init__(); self.conv1=nn.Conv2d(3,stages_out_channels[0],3,2,1,bias=False); self.bn1=nn.BatchNorm2d(stages_out_channels[0]); self.maxpool=nn.MaxPool2d(3,2,1)\n self.stage2=self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[0],stages_out_channels[1],stages_repeats[0],groups); self.stage3=self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[1],stages_out_channels[2],stages_repeats[1],groups); self.stage4=self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[2],stages_out_channels[3],stages_repeats[2],groups)\n self.conv5=nn.Conv2d(stages_out_channels[3],1024,1,1,0,bias=False); self.bn5=nn.BatchNorm2d(1024); self.fc=nn.Linear(1024,num_classes); self._cache={}; self.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n def _make_stage(self,i,o,r,g): return nn.Sequential(*([ShuffleNetUnitNew(i,o,g)]+[ShuffleNetUnitNew(o,o,g) for _ in range(1,r)]))\n def _clear_cache(self):\n self._cache.clear()\n for m in self.modules():\n if isinstance(m,ShuffleNetUnitNew): m._cache.clear()\n def load_state_dict(self,state_dict,strict=True,assign=False):\n res=super().load_state_dict(state_dict,strict=strict,assign=assign); self.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last); self._clear_cache(); return res\n def train(self,mode=True):\n res=super().train(mode); self._clear_cache(); return res\n def forward(self,x):\n x=x.contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last); x=_conv_bn(x,self.conv1,self.bn1,self._cache,'stem',True); x=self.maxpool(x); x=self.stage2(x); x=self.stage3(x); x=self.stage4(x); x=_conv_bn(x,self.conv5,self.bn5,self._cache,'conv5',True); x=F.adaptive_avg_pool2d(x,(1,1)); return self.fc(torch.flatten(x,1))\n" }
result ← compile_kernel (ok)
okcompile_kernel compile_kernel PASSED: kernel compiled without errors.
turn 9 · 1 tool call(s) · 13.5s turn · 13.5s LLM · 7,811 chars (click to expand)
turn 913.5s turn · 13.5s LLM · 0.0s tools
call → run_correctness
callrun_correctness { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nimport torch.nn.functional as F\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\n_cpp_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups);\n'''\n_cuda_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\ntemplate<int C>\n__global__ void channel_shuffle_g3_linear_kernel(const float* __restrict__ x, float* __restrict__ y, long total) {\n long idx = blockIdx.x * (long)blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n long stride = (long)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n constexpr int cpg = C / 3;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int c = idx % C;\n int ci = (c % 3) * cpg + (c / 3);\n y[idx] = x[(idx - c) + ci];\n }\n}\n\ntemplate <typename scalar_t>\n__global__ void channel_shuffle_generic_kernel(const scalar_t* __restrict__ x, scalar_t* __restrict__ y, long total, int C, int groups) {\n long idx = blockIdx.x * (long)blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n long stride = (long)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n int cpg = C / groups;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int c = idx % C;\n int ci = (c % groups) * cpg + (c / groups);\n y[idx] = x[(idx - c) + ci];\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups64) {\n TORCH_CHECK(input.is_cuda(), \"input must be CUDA\");\n TORCH_CHECK(input.dim() == 4, \"input must be NCHW\");\n int C = (int)input.size(1);\n int groups = (int)groups64;\n auto x = input.contiguous(at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);\n auto y = torch::empty_like(x, x.options(), at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);\n long total = (long)input.size(0) * input.size(2) * input.size(3) * input.size(1);\n int threads = 256;\n int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);\n if (blocks > 65535) blocks = 65535;\n if (x.scalar_type() == at::kFloat && groups == 3 && (C == 60 || C == 120 || C == 240)) {\n if (C == 60) channel_shuffle_g3_linear_kernel<60><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<float>(), y.data_ptr<float>(), total);\n else if (C == 120) channel_shuffle_g3_linear_kernel<120><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<float>(), y.data_ptr<float>(), total);\n else channel_shuffle_g3_linear_kernel<240><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<float>(), y.data_ptr<float>(), total);\n } else {\n AT_DISPATCH_FLOATING_TYPES_AND_HALF(input.scalar_type(), \"channel_shuffle_cuda\", [&] {\n channel_shuffle_generic_kernel<scalar_t><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), y.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), total, C, groups);\n });\n }\n return y;\n}\n'''\n_ext = load_inline(name='shufflenet_kernels_final_b', cpp_sources=[_cpp_src], cuda_sources=[_cuda_src], functions=['channel_shuffle_cuda'], verbose=False, extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'], extra_cflags=['-O3'])\ndef _fuse_conv_bn(conv, bn):\n scale = bn.weight / torch.sqrt(bn.running_var + bn.eps)\n w = (conv.weight * scale.reshape(-1, 1, 1, 1)).contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n b = (bn.bias - bn.running_mean * scale).contiguous()\n return w, b\ndef _conv_bn(x, conv, bn, cache, key, relu=False):\n if conv.training or bn.training:\n y = bn(conv(x))\n else:\n item = cache.get(key)\n if item is None or item[0].device != conv.weight.device or item[0].dtype != conv.weight.dtype:\n with torch.no_grad(): item = _fuse_conv_bn(conv, bn)\n cache[key] = item\n y = F.conv2d(x, item[0], item[1], conv.stride, conv.padding, conv.dilation, conv.groups)\n return torch.relu_(y) if relu else y\nclass ChannelShuffleNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, groups): super().__init__(); self.groups=groups\n def forward(self,x): return _ext.channel_shuffle_cuda(x,self.groups)\nclass ShuffleNetUnitNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self,in_channels,out_channels,groups=3):\n super().__init__(); assert out_channels%4==0; mid_channels=out_channels//4\n self.conv1=nn.Conv2d(in_channels,mid_channels,1,1,0,groups=groups,bias=False); self.bn1=nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)\n self.conv2=nn.Conv2d(mid_channels,mid_channels,3,1,1,groups=mid_channels,bias=False); self.bn2=nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)\n self.conv3=nn.Conv2d(mid_channels,out_channels,1,1,0,groups=groups,bias=False); self.bn3=nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)\n self.shuffle=ChannelShuffleNew(groups); self.shortcut=nn.Sequential() if in_channels==out_channels else nn.Sequential(nn.Conv2d(in_channels,out_channels,1,1,0,bias=False),nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)); self._cache={}\n def forward(self,x):\n out=_conv_bn(x,self.conv1,self.bn1,self._cache,'1',True); out=_conv_bn(out,self.conv2,self.bn2,self._cache,'2',False); out=self.shuffle(out); out=_conv_bn(out,self.conv3,self.bn3,self._cache,'3',True)\n if len(self.shortcut)==0: return out.add_(x)\n return out.add_(_conv_bn(x,self.shortcut[0],self.shortcut[1],self._cache,'s',False))\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self,num_classes=1000,groups=3,stages_repeats=[3,7,3],stages_out_channels=[24,240,480,960]):\n super().__init__(); self.conv1=nn.Conv2d(3,stages_out_channels[0],3,2,1,bias=False); self.bn1=nn.BatchNorm2d(stages_out_channels[0]); self.maxpool=nn.MaxPool2d(3,2,1)\n self.stage2=self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[0],stages_out_channels[1],stages_repeats[0],groups); self.stage3=self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[1],stages_out_channels[2],stages_repeats[1],groups); self.stage4=self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[2],stages_out_channels[3],stages_repeats[2],groups)\n self.conv5=nn.Conv2d(stages_out_channels[3],1024,1,1,0,bias=False); self.bn5=nn.BatchNorm2d(1024); self.fc=nn.Linear(1024,num_classes); self._cache={}; self.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n def _make_stage(self,i,o,r,g): return nn.Sequential(*([ShuffleNetUnitNew(i,o,g)]+[ShuffleNetUnitNew(o,o,g) for _ in range(1,r)]))\n def _clear_cache(self):\n self._cache.clear()\n for m in self.modules():\n if isinstance(m,ShuffleNetUnitNew): m._cache.clear()\n def load_state_dict(self,state_dict,strict=True,assign=False):\n res=super().load_state_dict(state_dict,strict=strict,assign=assign); self.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last); self._clear_cache(); return res\n def train(self,mode=True):\n res=super().train(mode); self._clear_cache(); return res\n def forward(self,x):\n x=x.contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last); x=_conv_bn(x,self.conv1,self.bn1,self._cache,'stem',True); x=self.maxpool(x); x=self.stage2(x); x=self.stage3(x); x=self.stage4(x); x=_conv_bn(x,self.conv5,self.bn5,self._cache,'conv5',True); x=F.adaptive_avg_pool2d(x,(1,1)); return self.fc(torch.flatten(x,1))\n" }
result ← run_correctness (ok)
okrun_correctness run_correctness PASSED: (5 / 5) trials all matched the reference. Numerical precision: max_abs_err=1.38e-05 mean_abs_err=2.55e-06 max_rel_err=3.29e-01
turn 10 · 1 tool call(s) · 12.5s turn · 12.5s LLM · 7,813 chars (click to expand)
turn 1012.5s turn · 12.5s LLM · 0.0s tools
call → static_check
callstatic_check { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nimport torch.nn.functional as F\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\n_cpp_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups);\n'''\n_cuda_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\ntemplate<int C>\n__global__ void channel_shuffle_g3_linear_kernel(const float* __restrict__ x, float* __restrict__ y, long total) {\n long idx = blockIdx.x * (long)blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n long stride = (long)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n constexpr int cpg = C / 3;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int c = idx % C;\n int ci = (c % 3) * cpg + (c / 3);\n y[idx] = x[(idx - c) + ci];\n }\n}\n\ntemplate <typename scalar_t>\n__global__ void channel_shuffle_generic_kernel(const scalar_t* __restrict__ x, scalar_t* __restrict__ y, long total, int C, int groups) {\n long idx = blockIdx.x * (long)blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n long stride = (long)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n int cpg = C / groups;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int c = idx % C;\n int ci = (c % groups) * cpg + (c / groups);\n y[idx] = x[(idx - c) + ci];\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups64) {\n TORCH_CHECK(input.is_cuda(), \"input must be CUDA\");\n TORCH_CHECK(input.dim() == 4, \"input must be NCHW\");\n int C = (int)input.size(1);\n int groups = (int)groups64;\n auto x = input.contiguous(at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);\n auto y = torch::empty_like(x, x.options(), at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);\n long total = (long)input.size(0) * input.size(2) * input.size(3) * input.size(1);\n int threads = 256;\n int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);\n if (blocks > 65535) blocks = 65535;\n if (x.scalar_type() == at::kFloat && groups == 3 && (C == 60 || C == 120 || C == 240)) {\n if (C == 60) channel_shuffle_g3_linear_kernel<60><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<float>(), y.data_ptr<float>(), total);\n else if (C == 120) channel_shuffle_g3_linear_kernel<120><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<float>(), y.data_ptr<float>(), total);\n else channel_shuffle_g3_linear_kernel<240><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<float>(), y.data_ptr<float>(), total);\n } else {\n AT_DISPATCH_FLOATING_TYPES_AND_HALF(input.scalar_type(), \"channel_shuffle_cuda\", [&] {\n channel_shuffle_generic_kernel<scalar_t><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), y.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), total, C, groups);\n });\n }\n return y;\n}\n'''\n_ext = load_inline(name='shufflenet_kernels_final_b', cpp_sources=[_cpp_src], cuda_sources=[_cuda_src], functions=['channel_shuffle_cuda'], verbose=False, extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'], extra_cflags=['-O3'])\ndef _fuse_conv_bn(conv, bn):\n scale = bn.weight / torch.sqrt(bn.running_var + bn.eps)\n w = (conv.weight * scale.reshape(-1, 1, 1, 1)).contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n b = (bn.bias - bn.running_mean * scale).contiguous()\n return w, b\ndef _conv_bn(x, conv, bn, cache, key, relu=False):\n if conv.training or bn.training:\n y = bn(conv(x))\n else:\n item = cache.get(key)\n if item is None or item[0].device != conv.weight.device or item[0].dtype != conv.weight.dtype:\n with torch.no_grad(): item = _fuse_conv_bn(conv, bn)\n cache[key] = item\n y = F.conv2d(x, item[0], item[1], conv.stride, conv.padding, conv.dilation, conv.groups)\n return torch.relu_(y) if relu else y\nclass ChannelShuffleNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, groups): super().__init__(); self.groups=groups\n def forward(self,x): return _ext.channel_shuffle_cuda(x,self.groups)\nclass ShuffleNetUnitNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self,in_channels,out_channels,groups=3):\n super().__init__(); assert out_channels%4==0; mid_channels=out_channels//4\n self.conv1=nn.Conv2d(in_channels,mid_channels,1,1,0,groups=groups,bias=False); self.bn1=nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)\n self.conv2=nn.Conv2d(mid_channels,mid_channels,3,1,1,groups=mid_channels,bias=False); self.bn2=nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)\n self.conv3=nn.Conv2d(mid_channels,out_channels,1,1,0,groups=groups,bias=False); self.bn3=nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)\n self.shuffle=ChannelShuffleNew(groups); self.shortcut=nn.Sequential() if in_channels==out_channels else nn.Sequential(nn.Conv2d(in_channels,out_channels,1,1,0,bias=False),nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)); self._cache={}\n def forward(self,x):\n out=_conv_bn(x,self.conv1,self.bn1,self._cache,'1',True); out=_conv_bn(out,self.conv2,self.bn2,self._cache,'2',False); out=self.shuffle(out); out=_conv_bn(out,self.conv3,self.bn3,self._cache,'3',True)\n if len(self.shortcut)==0: return out.add_(x)\n return out.add_(_conv_bn(x,self.shortcut[0],self.shortcut[1],self._cache,'s',False))\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self,num_classes=1000,groups=3,stages_repeats=[3,7,3],stages_out_channels=[24,240,480,960]):\n super().__init__(); self.conv1=nn.Conv2d(3,stages_out_channels[0],3,2,1,bias=False); self.bn1=nn.BatchNorm2d(stages_out_channels[0]); self.maxpool=nn.MaxPool2d(3,2,1)\n self.stage2=self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[0],stages_out_channels[1],stages_repeats[0],groups); self.stage3=self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[1],stages_out_channels[2],stages_repeats[1],groups); self.stage4=self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[2],stages_out_channels[3],stages_repeats[2],groups)\n self.conv5=nn.Conv2d(stages_out_channels[3],1024,1,1,0,bias=False); self.bn5=nn.BatchNorm2d(1024); self.fc=nn.Linear(1024,num_classes); self._cache={}; self.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n def _make_stage(self,i,o,r,g): return nn.Sequential(*([ShuffleNetUnitNew(i,o,g)]+[ShuffleNetUnitNew(o,o,g) for _ in range(1,r)]))\n def _clear_cache(self):\n self._cache.clear()\n for m in self.modules():\n if isinstance(m,ShuffleNetUnitNew): m._cache.clear()\n def load_state_dict(self,state_dict,strict=True,assign=False):\n res=super().load_state_dict(state_dict,strict=strict,assign=assign); self.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last); self._clear_cache(); return res\n def train(self,mode=True):\n res=super().train(mode); self._clear_cache(); return res\n def forward(self,x):\n x=x.contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last); x=_conv_bn(x,self.conv1,self.bn1,self._cache,'stem',True); x=self.maxpool(x); x=self.stage2(x); x=self.stage3(x); x=self.stage4(x); x=_conv_bn(x,self.conv5,self.bn5,self._cache,'conv5',True); x=F.adaptive_avg_pool2d(x,(1,1)); return self.fc(torch.flatten(x,1))\n" }
result ← static_check (ok)
okstatic_check static_check PASSED (with warnings): WARNING: Uses torch.nn compute layer (only containers, Parameter, init allowed) WARNING: Uses torch.nn.functional op: F.conv
turn 11 · 1 tool call(s) · 20.1s turn · 20.1s LLM · 10,819 chars (click to expand)
turn 1120.1s turn · 20.1s LLM · 0.0s tools
reasoning
**Clarifying training process** I'm thinking about how the training process updates while running statistics. If the user calls for evaluation after training, will it clear? It seems like that's the case. I need to confirm if the final answer requires code. For submitting, I can call submit_kernel. So, I'm preparing everything to ensure a smooth submission and that I cover all necessary details. It's all about making this as clear and efficient as possible!
call → submit_kernel
callsubmit_kernel { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nimport torch.nn.functional as F\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\n_cpp_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups);\n'''\n\n_cuda_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\ntemplate<int C>\n__global__ void channel_shuffle_g3_linear_kernel(const float* __restrict__ x, float* __restrict__ y, long total) {\n long idx = blockIdx.x * (long)blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n long stride = (long)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n constexpr int cpg = C / 3;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int c = idx % C;\n int ci = (c % 3) * cpg + (c / 3);\n y[idx] = x[(idx - c) + ci];\n }\n}\n\ntemplate <typename scalar_t>\n__global__ void channel_shuffle_generic_kernel(const scalar_t* __restrict__ x, scalar_t* __restrict__ y, long total, int C, int groups) {\n long idx = blockIdx.x * (long)blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n long stride = (long)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n int cpg = C / groups;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int c = idx % C;\n int ci = (c % groups) * cpg + (c / groups);\n y[idx] = x[(idx - c) + ci];\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups64) {\n TORCH_CHECK(input.is_cuda(), \"input must be CUDA\");\n TORCH_CHECK(input.dim() == 4, \"input must be NCHW\");\n int C = (int)input.size(1);\n int groups = (int)groups64;\n auto x = input.contiguous(at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);\n auto y = torch::empty_like(x, x.options(), at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);\n long total = (long)input.size(0) * input.size(2) * input.size(3) * input.size(1);\n int threads = 256;\n int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);\n if (blocks > 65535) blocks = 65535;\n if (x.scalar_type() == at::kFloat && groups == 3 && (C == 60 || C == 120 || C == 240)) {\n if (C == 60) channel_shuffle_g3_linear_kernel<60><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<float>(), y.data_ptr<float>(), total);\n else if (C == 120) channel_shuffle_g3_linear_kernel<120><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<float>(), y.data_ptr<float>(), total);\n else channel_shuffle_g3_linear_kernel<240><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<float>(), y.data_ptr<float>(), total);\n } else {\n AT_DISPATCH_FLOATING_TYPES_AND_HALF(input.scalar_type(), \"channel_shuffle_cuda\", [&] {\n channel_shuffle_generic_kernel<scalar_t><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), y.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), total, C, groups);\n });\n }\n return y;\n}\n'''\n\n_ext = load_inline(name='shufflenet_kernels_final_b', cpp_sources=[_cpp_src], cuda_sources=[_cuda_src], functions=['channel_shuffle_cuda'], verbose=False, extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'], extra_cflags=['-O3'])\n\ndef _fuse_conv_bn(conv, bn):\n scale = bn.weight / torch.sqrt(bn.running_var + bn.eps)\n w = (conv.weight * scale.reshape(-1, 1, 1, 1)).contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n b = (bn.bias - bn.running_mean * scale).contiguous()\n return w, b\n\ndef _conv_bn(x, conv, bn, cache, key, relu=False):\n if conv.training or bn.training:\n y = bn(conv(x))\n else:\n item = cache.get(key)\n if item is None or item[0].device != conv.weight.device or item[0].dtype != conv.weight.dtype:\n with torch.no_grad():\n item = _fuse_conv_bn(conv, bn)\n cache[key] = item\n y = F.conv2d(x, item[0], item[1], conv.stride, conv.padding, conv.dilation, conv.groups)\n if relu:\n return torch.relu_(y)\n return y\n\nclass ChannelShuffleNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, groups):\n super().__init__()\n self.groups = groups\n def forward(self, x):\n return _ext.channel_shuffle_cuda(x, self.groups)\n\nclass ShuffleNetUnitNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels, groups=3):\n super().__init__()\n assert out_channels % 4 == 0\n mid_channels = out_channels // 4\n self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, mid_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, groups=groups, bias=False)\n self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)\n self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(mid_channels, mid_channels, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1, groups=mid_channels, bias=False)\n self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)\n self.conv3 = nn.Conv2d(mid_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, groups=groups, bias=False)\n self.bn3 = nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)\n self.shuffle = ChannelShuffleNew(groups)\n if in_channels == out_channels:\n self.shortcut = nn.Sequential()\n else:\n self.shortcut = nn.Sequential(\n nn.Conv2d(in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=False),\n nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)\n )\n self._cache = {}\n def forward(self, x):\n out = _conv_bn(x, self.conv1, self.bn1, self._cache, '1', True)\n out = _conv_bn(out, self.conv2, self.bn2, self._cache, '2', False)\n out = self.shuffle(out)\n out = _conv_bn(out, self.conv3, self.bn3, self._cache, '3', True)\n if len(self.shortcut) == 0:\n return out.add_(x)\n return out.add_(_conv_bn(x, self.shortcut[0], self.shortcut[1], self._cache, 's', False))\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, num_classes=1000, groups=3, stages_repeats=[3, 7, 3], stages_out_channels=[24, 240, 480, 960]):\n super().__init__()\n self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, stages_out_channels[0], kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1, bias=False)\n self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(stages_out_channels[0])\n self.maxpool = nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1)\n self.stage2 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[0], stages_out_channels[1], stages_repeats[0], groups)\n self.stage3 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[1], stages_out_channels[2], stages_repeats[1], groups)\n self.stage4 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[2], stages_out_channels[3], stages_repeats[2], groups)\n self.conv5 = nn.Conv2d(stages_out_channels[3], 1024, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=False)\n self.bn5 = nn.BatchNorm2d(1024)\n self.fc = nn.Linear(1024, num_classes)\n self._cache = {}\n self.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n def _make_stage(self, in_channels, out_channels, repeats, groups):\n layers = [ShuffleNetUnitNew(in_channels, out_channels, groups)]\n for _ in range(1, repeats):\n layers.append(ShuffleNetUnitNew(out_channels, out_channels, groups))\n return nn.Sequential(*layers)\n def _clear_cache(self):\n self._cache.clear()\n for m in self.modules():\n if isinstance(m, ShuffleNetUnitNew):\n m._cache.clear()\n def load_state_dict(self, state_dict, strict=True, assign=False):\n res = super().load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=strict, assign=assign)\n self.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n self._clear_cache()\n return res\n def train(self, mode=True):\n res = super().train(mode)\n self._clear_cache()\n return res\n def forward(self, x):\n x = x.contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n x = _conv_bn(x, self.conv1, self.bn1, self._cache, 'stem', True)\n x = self.maxpool(x)\n x = self.stage2(x)\n x = self.stage3(x)\n x = self.stage4(x)\n x = _conv_bn(x, self.conv5, self.bn5, self._cache, 'conv5', True)\n x = F.adaptive_avg_pool2d(x, (1, 1))\n return self.fc(torch.flatten(x, 1))\n" }
result ← submit_kernel (fail)
failsubmit_kernel submit_kernel FAILED: unexpected error during tool execution. _WorkItemTimeout: work item exceeded soft timeout budget Traceback (most recent call last): File "/scratch/abaner/KernelBench/src/kernelbench/agent/agent.py", line 627, in _execute_tool return tool.execute(self.ctx, **args) File "/scratch/abaner/KernelBench/src/kernelbench/agent/tools.py", line 770, in execute return ctx.eval_client.submit_kernel(ctx, kernel_code) File "/scratch/abaner/KernelBench/src/kernelbench/agent/eval_client.py", line 50, in submit_kernel return self._call("submit", args) File "/scratch/abaner/KernelBench/src/kernelbench/agent/eval_client.py", line 117, in _call payload = self._response_q.get(timeout=remaining) File "<string>", line 2, in get File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.10/multiprocessing/managers.py", line 818, in _callmethod kind, result = conn.recv() File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.10/multiprocessing/connection.py", line 250, in recv buf = self._recv_bytes() File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.10/multiprocessing/connection.py", line 414, in _recv_bytes buf = self._recv(4) File "/opt/conda/lib/python3.10/multiprocessing/connection.py", line 379, in _recv chunk = read(handle, remaining) File "/scratch/abaner/KernelBench/scripts/run_sweep.py", line 161, in _alarm_handler raise _WorkItemTimeout("work item exceeded soft timeout budget") __mp_main__._WorkItemTimeout: work item exceeded soft timeout budget
turn 12 · FINAL · 1 tool call(s) · 48.8s turn · 48.8s LLM · 7,098 chars (click to expand)
turn 1248.8s turn · 48.8s LLM · 0.0s tools · FINAL
reasoning
**Optimizing code performance** I'm thinking about using a simplified version of v1 with channels_last for custom shuffling. I believe it could reduce the need for fusion or caching, making the code more efficient. After profiling, it took around 10ms, which is promising! I should probably avoid complex templates and just stick with straightforward code. My goal is to ensure it's correct and likely faster than the reference implementation. I might also need to use a new, simpler extension name.
call → submit_kernel
callsubmit_kernel { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nimport torch.nn.functional as F\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\n_cpp_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups);\n'''\n\n_cuda_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\ntemplate <typename scalar_t>\n__global__ void channel_shuffle_cl_kernel(const scalar_t* __restrict__ x, scalar_t* __restrict__ y,\n long total, int C, int groups) {\n long idx = blockIdx.x * (long)blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n long stride = (long)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;\n int cpg = C / groups;\n for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {\n int c = idx % C;\n int ci = (c % groups) * cpg + (c / groups);\n y[idx] = x[(idx - c) + ci];\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups64) {\n TORCH_CHECK(input.is_cuda(), \"input must be CUDA\");\n int C = (int)input.size(1);\n int groups = (int)groups64;\n auto x = input.contiguous(at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);\n auto y = torch::empty_like(x, x.options(), at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);\n long total = (long)input.size(0) * input.size(2) * input.size(3) * input.size(1);\n int threads = 256;\n int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);\n if (blocks > 65535) blocks = 65535;\n AT_DISPATCH_FLOATING_TYPES_AND_HALF(input.scalar_type(), \"channel_shuffle_cuda\", [&] {\n channel_shuffle_cl_kernel<scalar_t><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), y.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), total, C, groups);\n });\n return y;\n}\n'''\n\n_ext = load_inline(name='shufflenet_kernels_submit_simple', cpp_sources=[_cpp_src], cuda_sources=[_cuda_src], functions=['channel_shuffle_cuda'], verbose=False, extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'], extra_cflags=['-O3'])\n\nclass ChannelShuffleNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, groups):\n super().__init__()\n self.groups = groups\n def forward(self, x):\n return _ext.channel_shuffle_cuda(x, self.groups)\n\nclass ShuffleNetUnitNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels, groups=3):\n super().__init__()\n assert out_channels % 4 == 0\n mid_channels = out_channels // 4\n self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, mid_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, groups=groups, bias=False)\n self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)\n self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(mid_channels, mid_channels, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1, groups=mid_channels, bias=False)\n self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)\n self.conv3 = nn.Conv2d(mid_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, groups=groups, bias=False)\n self.bn3 = nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)\n self.shuffle = ChannelShuffleNew(groups)\n if in_channels == out_channels:\n self.shortcut = nn.Sequential()\n else:\n self.shortcut = nn.Sequential(\n nn.Conv2d(in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=False),\n nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)\n )\n def forward(self, x):\n out = F.relu(self.bn1(self.conv1(x)))\n out = self.bn2(self.conv2(out))\n out = self.shuffle(out)\n out = F.relu(self.bn3(self.conv3(out)))\n out = out + self.shortcut(x)\n return out\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, num_classes=1000, groups=3, stages_repeats=[3, 7, 3], stages_out_channels=[24, 240, 480, 960]):\n super().__init__()\n self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, stages_out_channels[0], kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1, bias=False)\n self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(stages_out_channels[0])\n self.maxpool = nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1)\n self.stage2 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[0], stages_out_channels[1], stages_repeats[0], groups)\n self.stage3 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[1], stages_out_channels[2], stages_repeats[1], groups)\n self.stage4 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[2], stages_out_channels[3], stages_repeats[2], groups)\n self.conv5 = nn.Conv2d(stages_out_channels[3], 1024, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=False)\n self.bn5 = nn.BatchNorm2d(1024)\n self.fc = nn.Linear(1024, num_classes)\n self.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n def _make_stage(self, in_channels, out_channels, repeats, groups):\n layers = [ShuffleNetUnitNew(in_channels, out_channels, groups)]\n for _ in range(1, repeats):\n layers.append(ShuffleNetUnitNew(out_channels, out_channels, groups))\n return nn.Sequential(*layers)\n def load_state_dict(self, state_dict, strict=True, assign=False):\n res = super().load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=strict, assign=assign)\n self.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n return res\n def forward(self, x):\n x = x.contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last)\n x = F.relu(self.bn1(self.conv1(x)))\n x = self.maxpool(x)\n x = self.stage2(x)\n x = self.stage3(x)\n x = self.stage4(x)\n x = F.relu(self.bn5(self.conv5(x)))\n x = F.adaptive_avg_pool2d(x, (1, 1))\n x = torch.flatten(x, 1)\n x = self.fc(x)\n return x\n" }
result ← submit_kernel (ok)
oksubmit_kernel submit_kernel PASSED: (5 / 5) correctness trials all passed. Kernel runtime: 10.10 μs Runtime stats: mean=10.10μs median=?μs std=0.05μs Numerical precision: max_abs_err=1.38e-05 mean_abs_err=2.55e-06 max_rel_err=3.29e-01 Memory: 500.2 MB peak (ref: 496.58 MB, ratio: 1.0073x) Kernel launches: 772 (ref: 882, fusion ratio: 1.1425) Energy: 1694.52 mJ/run (ref: 1209.76 mJ, ratio: 0.7139x) SOL score: 0.1139
final submitted kernel (116 lines, 5,282 chars) — full source, untruncated
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F
from torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline

_cpp_src = r'''
#include <torch/extension.h>
torch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups);
'''

_cuda_src = r'''
#include <torch/extension.h>
#include <cuda.h>
#include <cuda_runtime.h>

template <typename scalar_t>
__global__ void channel_shuffle_cl_kernel(const scalar_t* __restrict__ x, scalar_t* __restrict__ y,
                                          long total, int C, int groups) {
    long idx = blockIdx.x * (long)blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;
    long stride = (long)blockDim.x * gridDim.x;
    int cpg = C / groups;
    for (; idx < total; idx += stride) {
        int c = idx % C;
        int ci = (c % groups) * cpg + (c / groups);
        y[idx] = x[(idx - c) + ci];
    }
}

torch::Tensor channel_shuffle_cuda(torch::Tensor input, int64_t groups64) {
    TORCH_CHECK(input.is_cuda(), "input must be CUDA");
    int C = (int)input.size(1);
    int groups = (int)groups64;
    auto x = input.contiguous(at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);
    auto y = torch::empty_like(x, x.options(), at::MemoryFormat::ChannelsLast);
    long total = (long)input.size(0) * input.size(2) * input.size(3) * input.size(1);
    int threads = 256;
    int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);
    if (blocks > 65535) blocks = 65535;
    AT_DISPATCH_FLOATING_TYPES_AND_HALF(input.scalar_type(), "channel_shuffle_cuda", [&] {
        channel_shuffle_cl_kernel<scalar_t><<<blocks, threads>>>(x.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), y.data_ptr<scalar_t>(), total, C, groups);
    });
    return y;
}
'''

_ext = load_inline(name='shufflenet_kernels_submit_simple', cpp_sources=[_cpp_src], cuda_sources=[_cuda_src], functions=['channel_shuffle_cuda'], verbose=False, extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'], extra_cflags=['-O3'])

class ChannelShuffleNew(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, groups):
        super().__init__()
        self.groups = groups
    def forward(self, x):
        return _ext.channel_shuffle_cuda(x, self.groups)

class ShuffleNetUnitNew(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels, groups=3):
        super().__init__()
        assert out_channels % 4 == 0
        mid_channels = out_channels // 4
        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, mid_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, groups=groups, bias=False)
        self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)
        self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(mid_channels, mid_channels, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1, groups=mid_channels, bias=False)
        self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(mid_channels)
        self.conv3 = nn.Conv2d(mid_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, groups=groups, bias=False)
        self.bn3 = nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)
        self.shuffle = ChannelShuffleNew(groups)
        if in_channels == out_channels:
            self.shortcut = nn.Sequential()
        else:
            self.shortcut = nn.Sequential(
                nn.Conv2d(in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=False),
                nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)
            )
    def forward(self, x):
        out = F.relu(self.bn1(self.conv1(x)))
        out = self.bn2(self.conv2(out))
        out = self.shuffle(out)
        out = F.relu(self.bn3(self.conv3(out)))
        out = out + self.shortcut(x)
        return out

class ModelNew(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, num_classes=1000, groups=3, stages_repeats=[3, 7, 3], stages_out_channels=[24, 240, 480, 960]):
        super().__init__()
        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, stages_out_channels[0], kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1, bias=False)
        self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(stages_out_channels[0])
        self.maxpool = nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1)
        self.stage2 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[0], stages_out_channels[1], stages_repeats[0], groups)
        self.stage3 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[1], stages_out_channels[2], stages_repeats[1], groups)
        self.stage4 = self._make_stage(stages_out_channels[2], stages_out_channels[3], stages_repeats[2], groups)
        self.conv5 = nn.Conv2d(stages_out_channels[3], 1024, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, bias=False)
        self.bn5 = nn.BatchNorm2d(1024)
        self.fc = nn.Linear(1024, num_classes)
        self.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)
    def _make_stage(self, in_channels, out_channels, repeats, groups):
        layers = [ShuffleNetUnitNew(in_channels, out_channels, groups)]
        for _ in range(1, repeats):
            layers.append(ShuffleNetUnitNew(out_channels, out_channels, groups))
        return nn.Sequential(*layers)
    def load_state_dict(self, state_dict, strict=True, assign=False):
        res = super().load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=strict, assign=assign)
        self.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)
        return res
    def forward(self, x):
        x = x.contiguous(memory_format=torch.channels_last)
        x = F.relu(self.bn1(self.conv1(x)))
        x = self.maxpool(x)
        x = self.stage2(x)
        x = self.stage3(x)
        x = self.stage4(x)
        x = F.relu(self.bn5(self.conv5(x)))
        x = F.adaptive_avg_pool2d(x, (1, 1))
        x = torch.flatten(x, 1)
        x = self.fc(x)
        return x