gpt-5.5-priority · original · l123_single_gpt
compile_fail 99_Matmul_GELU_Softmax.py
model
gpt-5.5-priority
turns / max
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tool calls
1
tokens (total)
0
wall clock
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truncated
no
backend
cuda fp32
variant
original
runtime
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ref runtime
-1.00 μs
speedup
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started
2026-05-05T01:01:23Z
compile error: Error building extension 'linear_gelu_softmax_ext_v1': [1/3] /usr/local/cuda/bin/nvcc -MD -MF cuda.cuda.o.d -ccbin /opt/conda/bin/x86_64-conda-linux-gnu-cc -DTORCH_EXTENSION_NAME=linear_gelu_softmax_ext_v1 -DTORCH_API_INCLUDE_EXTENSION_H -isystem /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/torch/include -isystem /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/torch/include/torch/csrc/api/include -isystem /usr/local/cuda/include -isystem /opt/conda/include/python3.10 -D__CUDA_NO_HALF_OPERATORS__ -D__CUDA_NO_HALF_CONVERSIONS__ -D__CUDA_NO_BFLOAT16_CONVERSIONS__
timingkernelbench.timing
kernel runtime
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ref runtime
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speedup
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kernel mean / median / std
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ref mean / median / std
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reference PyTorch source (the prompt the agent sees)
import torch
import torch.nn as nn

class Model(nn.Module):
    """
    Simple model that performs a matrix multiplication, applies GELU, and then applies Softmax.
    """
    def __init__(self, in_features, out_features):
        super(Model, self).__init__()
        self.linear = nn.Linear(in_features, out_features)

    def forward(self, x):
        x = self.linear(x)
        x = torch.nn.functional.gelu(x)
        x = torch.nn.functional.softmax(x, dim=1)
        return x

batch_size = 1024
in_features = 8192
out_features = 8192

def get_inputs():
    return [torch.rand(batch_size, in_features)]

def get_init_inputs():
    return [in_features, out_features]
turn 0 · FINAL · 1 tool call(s) · 45.5s turn · 45.5s LLM · 9,105 chars (click to expand)
turn 045.5s turn · 45.5s LLM · 0.0s tools · FINAL
reasoning
**Considering tensor implementation** I'm thinking about a shared array for reductions and using integer columns. The `at::linear` function gives me a tensor with shape [batch, out], which should work even if the input isn't contiguous. I might consider a special case for when the columns are set to 8192, but keeping it generic is probably fine. I also need to address a potential compile issue regarding the GELU constant, M_SQRT1_2. Lastly, I need to check if I should include the CUDA guard for setting the device.
call → submit_kernel
callsubmit_kernel { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\n_cpp_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\ntorch::Tensor linear_gelu_softmax(torch::Tensor x, torch::Tensor weight, torch::Tensor bias);\n'''\n\n_cuda_src = r'''\n#include <torch/types.h>\n#include <ATen/ATen.h>\n#include <ATen/ops/linear.h>\n#include <ATen/cuda/CUDAContext.h>\n#include <c10/cuda/CUDAGuard.h>\n#include <c10/cuda/CUDAException.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n#include <math.h>\n\n__inline__ __device__ float warp_reduce_sum(float v) {\n #pragma unroll\n for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset >>= 1)\n v += __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, v, offset);\n return v;\n}\n\n__inline__ __device__ float warp_reduce_max(float v) {\n #pragma unroll\n for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset >>= 1) {\n float other = __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, v, offset);\n v = fmaxf(v, other);\n }\n return v;\n}\n\n__inline__ __device__ float block_reduce_sum(float v) {\n __shared__ float shared[32];\n int lane = threadIdx.x & 31;\n int wid = threadIdx.x >> 5;\n v = warp_reduce_sum(v);\n if (lane == 0) shared[wid] = v;\n __syncthreads();\n int nwarps = (blockDim.x + 31) >> 5;\n v = (threadIdx.x < nwarps) ? shared[lane] : 0.0f;\n if (wid == 0) v = warp_reduce_sum(v);\n if (threadIdx.x == 0) shared[0] = v;\n __syncthreads();\n return shared[0];\n}\n\n__inline__ __device__ float block_reduce_max(float v) {\n __shared__ float shared[32];\n int lane = threadIdx.x & 31;\n int wid = threadIdx.x >> 5;\n v = warp_reduce_max(v);\n if (lane == 0) shared[wid] = v;\n __syncthreads();\n int nwarps = (blockDim.x + 31) >> 5;\n v = (threadIdx.x < nwarps) ? shared[lane] : -CUDART_INF_F;\n if (wid == 0) v = warp_reduce_max(v);\n if (threadIdx.x == 0) shared[0] = v;\n __syncthreads();\n return shared[0];\n}\n\n__global__ void gelu_softmax_kernel(float* __restrict__ y, int rows, int cols) {\n int r = blockIdx.x;\n if (r >= rows) return;\n float* row = y + (size_t)r * cols;\n\n const float inv_sqrt2 = 0.70710678118654752440f;\n float local_max = -CUDART_INF_F;\n\n // GELU in-place, while finding the row maximum for softmax.\n for (int c = threadIdx.x; c < cols; c += blockDim.x) {\n float x = row[c];\n float g = 0.5f * x * (1.0f + erff(x * inv_sqrt2));\n row[c] = g;\n local_max = fmaxf(local_max, g);\n }\n\n float m = block_reduce_max(local_max);\n\n float local_sum = 0.0f;\n for (int c = threadIdx.x; c < cols; c += blockDim.x) {\n float e = expf(row[c] - m);\n row[c] = e;\n local_sum += e;\n }\n\n float s = block_reduce_sum(local_sum);\n float inv_s = 1.0f / s;\n\n for (int c = threadIdx.x; c < cols; c += blockDim.x) {\n row[c] *= inv_s;\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor linear_gelu_softmax(torch::Tensor x, torch::Tensor weight, torch::Tensor bias) {\n c10::cuda::CUDAGuard device_guard(x.device());\n torch::Tensor y = at::linear(x, weight, bias);\n\n const int64_t cols64 = y.size(-1);\n const int64_t rows64 = y.numel() / cols64;\n const int cols = (int)cols64;\n const int rows = (int)rows64;\n\n const int threads = 256;\n gelu_softmax_kernel<<<rows, threads, 0, at::cuda::getCurrentCUDAStream()>>>(\n y.data_ptr<float>(), rows, cols);\n C10_CUDA_KERNEL_LAUNCH_CHECK();\n return y;\n}\n'''\n\n_ext = load_inline(\n name='linear_gelu_softmax_ext_v1',\n cpp_sources=_cpp_src,\n cuda_sources=_cuda_src,\n functions=['linear_gelu_softmax'],\n extra_cflags=['-O3'],\n extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'],\n verbose=False,\n)\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n \"\"\"\n Drop-in replacement: Linear -> exact GELU -> row-wise Softmax.\n The GEMM is delegated to ATen/cuBLAS, and GELU+Softmax are fused into one CUDA kernel.\n \"\"\"\n def __init__(self, in_features, out_features):\n super(ModelNew, self).__init__()\n self.linear = nn.Linear(in_features, out_features)\n\n def forward(self, x):\n return _ext.linear_gelu_softmax(x, self.linear.weight, self.linear.bias)\n" }
result ← submit_kernel (fail)
failsubmit_kernel submit_kernel FAILED: kernel did not compile. Error building extension 'linear_gelu_softmax_ext_v1': [1/3] /usr/local/cuda/bin/nvcc -MD -MF cuda.cuda.o.d -ccbin /opt/conda/bin/x86_64-conda-linux-gnu-cc -DTORCH_EXTENSION_NAME=linear_gelu_softmax_ext_v1 -DTORCH_API_INCLUDE_EXTENSION_H -isystem /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/torch/include -isystem /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/torch/include/torch/csrc/api/include -isystem /usr/local/cuda/include -isystem /opt/conda/include/python3.10 -D__CUDA_NO_HALF_OPERATORS__ -D__CUDA_NO_HALF_CONVERSIONS__ -D__CUDA_NO_BFLOAT16_CONVERSIONS__ -D__CUDA_NO_HALF2_OPERATORS__ --expt-relaxed-constexpr -gencode=arch=compute_90,code=compute_90 -gencode=arch=compute_90,code=sm_90 --compiler-options '-fPIC' -O3 -std=c++17 -c /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/runs/l123_single_gpt/original/gpt-5.5-priority/level_2_problem_99_cache/k_e516a9ba60ef/linear_gelu_softmax_ext_v1/cuda.cu -o cuda.cuda.o FAILED: [code=2] cuda.cuda.o /usr/local/cuda/bin/nvcc -MD -MF cuda.cuda.o.d -ccbin /opt/conda/bin/x86_64-conda-linux-gnu-cc -DTORCH_EXTENSION_NAME=linear_gelu_softmax_ext_v1 -DTORCH_API_INCLUDE_EXTENSION_H -isystem /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/torch/include -isystem /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/torch/include/torch/csrc/api/include -isystem /usr/local/cuda/include -isystem /opt/conda/include/python3.10 -D__CUDA_NO_HALF_OPERATORS__ -D__CUDA_NO_HALF_CONVERSIONS__ -D__CUDA_NO_BFLOAT16_CONVERSIONS__ -D__CUDA_NO_HALF2_OPERATORS__ --expt-relaxed-constexpr -gencode=arch=compute_90,code=compute_90 -gencode=arch=compute_90,code=sm_90 --compiler-options '-fPIC' -O3 -std=c++17 -c /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/runs/l123_single_gpt/original/gpt-5.5-priority/level_2_problem_99_cache/k_e516a9ba60ef/linear_gelu_softmax_ext_v1/cuda.cu -o cuda.cuda.o nvcc warning : incompatible redefinition for option 'compiler-bindir', the last value of this option was used /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/runs/l123_single_gpt/original/gpt-5.5-priority/level_2_problem_99_cache/k_e516a9ba60ef/linear_gelu_softmax_ext_v1/cuda.cu(54): error: identifier "CUDART_INF_F" is undefined v = (threadIdx.x < nwarps) ? shared[lane] : -CUDART_INF_F; ^ /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/runs/l123_single_gpt/original/gpt-5.5-priority/level_2_problem_99_cache/k_e516a9ba60ef/linear_gelu_softmax_ext_v1/cuda.cu(67): error: identifier "CUDART_INF_F" is undefined float local_max = -CUDART_INF_F; ^ 2 errors detected in the compilation of "/scratch/abaner/KernelBench/runs/l123_single_gpt/original/gpt-5.5-priority/level_2_problem_99_cache/k_e516a9ba60ef/linear_gelu_softmax_ext_v1/cuda.cu". [2/3] /opt/conda/bin/x86_64-conda-linux-gnu-c++ -MMD -MF main.o.d -DTORCH_EXTENSION_NAME=linear_gelu_softmax_ext_v1 -DTORCH_API_INCLUDE_EXTENSION_H -isystem /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/torch/include -isystem /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/torch/include/torch/csrc/api/include -isystem /usr/local/cuda/include -isystem /opt/conda/include/python3.10 -fPIC -std=c++17 -O3 -c /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/runs/l123_single_gpt/original/gpt-5.5-priority/level_2_problem_99_cache/k_e516a9ba60ef/linear_gelu_softmax_ext_v1/main.cpp -o main.o ninja: build stopped: subcommand failed.
final submitted kernel (138 lines, 4,041 chars) — full source, untruncated
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline

_cpp_src = r'''
#include <torch/extension.h>
torch::Tensor linear_gelu_softmax(torch::Tensor x, torch::Tensor weight, torch::Tensor bias);
'''

_cuda_src = r'''
#include <torch/types.h>
#include <ATen/ATen.h>
#include <ATen/ops/linear.h>
#include <ATen/cuda/CUDAContext.h>
#include <c10/cuda/CUDAGuard.h>
#include <c10/cuda/CUDAException.h>
#include <cuda.h>
#include <cuda_runtime.h>
#include <math.h>

__inline__ __device__ float warp_reduce_sum(float v) {
    #pragma unroll
    for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset >>= 1)
        v += __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, v, offset);
    return v;
}

__inline__ __device__ float warp_reduce_max(float v) {
    #pragma unroll
    for (int offset = 16; offset > 0; offset >>= 1) {
        float other = __shfl_down_sync(0xffffffff, v, offset);
        v = fmaxf(v, other);
    }
    return v;
}

__inline__ __device__ float block_reduce_sum(float v) {
    __shared__ float shared[32];
    int lane = threadIdx.x & 31;
    int wid = threadIdx.x >> 5;
    v = warp_reduce_sum(v);
    if (lane == 0) shared[wid] = v;
    __syncthreads();
    int nwarps = (blockDim.x + 31) >> 5;
    v = (threadIdx.x < nwarps) ? shared[lane] : 0.0f;
    if (wid == 0) v = warp_reduce_sum(v);
    if (threadIdx.x == 0) shared[0] = v;
    __syncthreads();
    return shared[0];
}

__inline__ __device__ float block_reduce_max(float v) {
    __shared__ float shared[32];
    int lane = threadIdx.x & 31;
    int wid = threadIdx.x >> 5;
    v = warp_reduce_max(v);
    if (lane == 0) shared[wid] = v;
    __syncthreads();
    int nwarps = (blockDim.x + 31) >> 5;
    v = (threadIdx.x < nwarps) ? shared[lane] : -CUDART_INF_F;
    if (wid == 0) v = warp_reduce_max(v);
    if (threadIdx.x == 0) shared[0] = v;
    __syncthreads();
    return shared[0];
}

__global__ void gelu_softmax_kernel(float* __restrict__ y, int rows, int cols) {
    int r = blockIdx.x;
    if (r >= rows) return;
    float* row = y + (size_t)r * cols;

    const float inv_sqrt2 = 0.70710678118654752440f;
    float local_max = -CUDART_INF_F;

    // GELU in-place, while finding the row maximum for softmax.
    for (int c = threadIdx.x; c < cols; c += blockDim.x) {
        float x = row[c];
        float g = 0.5f * x * (1.0f + erff(x * inv_sqrt2));
        row[c] = g;
        local_max = fmaxf(local_max, g);
    }

    float m = block_reduce_max(local_max);

    float local_sum = 0.0f;
    for (int c = threadIdx.x; c < cols; c += blockDim.x) {
        float e = expf(row[c] - m);
        row[c] = e;
        local_sum += e;
    }

    float s = block_reduce_sum(local_sum);
    float inv_s = 1.0f / s;

    for (int c = threadIdx.x; c < cols; c += blockDim.x) {
        row[c] *= inv_s;
    }
}

torch::Tensor linear_gelu_softmax(torch::Tensor x, torch::Tensor weight, torch::Tensor bias) {
    c10::cuda::CUDAGuard device_guard(x.device());
    torch::Tensor y = at::linear(x, weight, bias);

    const int64_t cols64 = y.size(-1);
    const int64_t rows64 = y.numel() / cols64;
    const int cols = (int)cols64;
    const int rows = (int)rows64;

    const int threads = 256;
    gelu_softmax_kernel<<<rows, threads, 0, at::cuda::getCurrentCUDAStream()>>>(
        y.data_ptr<float>(), rows, cols);
    C10_CUDA_KERNEL_LAUNCH_CHECK();
    return y;
}
'''

_ext = load_inline(
    name='linear_gelu_softmax_ext_v1',
    cpp_sources=_cpp_src,
    cuda_sources=_cuda_src,
    functions=['linear_gelu_softmax'],
    extra_cflags=['-O3'],
    extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'],
    verbose=False,
)

class ModelNew(nn.Module):
    """
    Drop-in replacement: Linear -> exact GELU -> row-wise Softmax.
    The GEMM is delegated to ATen/cuBLAS, and GELU+Softmax are fused into one CUDA kernel.
    """
    def __init__(self, in_features, out_features):
        super(ModelNew, self).__init__()
        self.linear = nn.Linear(in_features, out_features)

    def forward(self, x):
        return _ext.linear_gelu_softmax(x, self.linear.weight, self.linear.bias)