compile_fail
89_ConvTranspose3d_MaxPool_Softmax_Subtract_Swish_Max.py
started
2026-05-05T00:24:02Z
compile error: Error building extension 'fused_ct3d_pool_softmax_swish_max_ext_v1': [1/3] /opt/conda/bin/x86_64-conda-linux-gnu-c++ -MMD -MF main.o.d -DTORCH_EXTENSION_NAME=fused_ct3d_pool_softmax_swish_max_ext_v1 -DTORCH_API_INCLUDE_EXTENSION_H -isystem /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/torch/include -isystem /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/torch/include/torch/csrc/api/include -isystem /usr/local/cuda/include -isystem /opt/conda/include/python3.10 -fPIC -std=c++17 -O3 -c /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/runs/l123_single_gpt/original/gpt-5.5-priority/lev
timingkernelbench.timing
kernel mean / median / std
—
reference PyTorch source (the prompt the agent sees)
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
class Model(nn.Module):
"""
A model that performs a sequence of operations:
- ConvTranspose3d
- MaxPool3d
- Softmax
- Subtract
- Swish
- Max
"""
def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size, stride, padding, output_padding, pool_kernel_size, pool_stride, pool_padding):
super(Model, self).__init__()
self.conv_transpose = nn.ConvTranspose3d(in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size, stride=stride, padding=padding, output_padding=output_padding)
self.max_pool = nn.MaxPool3d(kernel_size=pool_kernel_size, stride=pool_stride, padding=pool_padding)
self.subtract = nn.Parameter(torch.randn(out_channels)) # Assuming subtraction is element-wise across channels
def forward(self, x):
x = self.conv_transpose(x)
x = self.max_pool(x)
x = torch.softmax(x, dim=1) # Apply softmax across channels (dim=1)
x = x - self.subtract.view(1, -1, 1, 1, 1) # Subtract across channels
x = torch.sigmoid(x) * x # Swish activation
x = torch.max(x, dim=1)[0] # Max pooling across channels
return x
batch_size = 128
in_channels = 3
out_channels = 16
depth, height, width = 16, 32, 32
kernel_size = 3
stride = 2
padding = 1
output_padding = 1
pool_kernel_size = 2
pool_stride = 2
pool_padding = 0
def get_inputs():
return [torch.rand(batch_size, in_channels, depth, height, width)]
def get_init_inputs():
return [in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size, stride, padding, output_padding, pool_kernel_size, pool_stride, pool_padding]turn 0 · FINAL · 1 tool call(s) · 72.1s turn · 72.1s LLM · 12,629 chars (click to expand)
turn 072.1s turn · 72.1s LLM · 0.0s tools · FINAL
reasoning
**Evaluating C++ CUDA usage**
I’m considering how to use `torch/extension.h` in C++. It seems I need to include this in my CUDA code as well. I’m wondering if I need to avoid using try-except blocks. There are some potential compile flags I could explore, like `-O3` and `--use_fast_math`. Also, I’m thinking about numerical tolerance, checking if `1e-4` is sufficient while using `expf` for approximations. It's a bit technical, but I'll figure it out!
**Considering model parameters**
I’m thinking about whether we need contiguous weight for our model. I’ll check if I need to make a state_dict copy, and I’ve got to consider if the input should be on CPU or if I should call get_inputs on CUDA. I’m also verifying if ModelNew is set to .cuda. The forward call will need to be on CUDA as well. It might take some time with potential flags, but I think submitting is the right move.
call → submit_kernel
callsubmit_kernel
{
"kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\n_cuda_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <ATen/cuda/CUDAContext.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n#include <math.h>\n\n#ifndef C10_CUDA_KERNEL_LAUNCH_CHECK\n#define C10_CUDA_KERNEL_LAUNCH_CHECK() cudaGetLastError()\n#endif\n\n// Fused specialized kernel for:\n// ConvTranspose3d(Cin=3,Cout=16,k=3,s=2,p=1,op=1) -> MaxPool3d(k=2,s=2)\n// -> softmax over channels -> subtract -> swish -> max over channels.\n__global__ __launch_bounds__(128)\nvoid fused_ct_pool_softmax_swish_max_kernel(\n const float* __restrict__ x,\n const float* __restrict__ w,\n const float* __restrict__ b,\n const float* __restrict__ sub,\n float* __restrict__ out,\n int N, int D, int H, int W)\n{\n const int64_t total = (int64_t)N * D * H * W;\n int64_t idx = (int64_t)blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;\n if (idx >= total) return;\n\n int ow = (int)(idx % W);\n int64_t t = idx / W;\n int oh = (int)(t % H);\n t /= H;\n int od = (int)(t % D);\n int n = (int)(t / D);\n\n float pooled[16];\n #pragma unroll\n for (int co = 0; co < 16; ++co) pooled[co] = -CUDART_INF_F;\n\n // Iterate over the eight ConvTranspose output positions in the 2x2x2 pool window.\n #pragma unroll\n for (int rd = 0; rd < 2; ++rd) {\n int did[2]; int dkd[2]; int nd = 0;\n if (rd == 0) { did[0] = od; dkd[0] = 1; nd = 1; }\n else {\n did[0] = od; dkd[0] = 2; nd = 1;\n if (od + 1 < D) { did[1] = od + 1; dkd[1] = 0; nd = 2; }\n }\n #pragma unroll\n for (int rh = 0; rh < 2; ++rh) {\n int hih[2]; int hkh[2]; int nh = 0;\n if (rh == 0) { hih[0] = oh; hkh[0] = 1; nh = 1; }\n else {\n hih[0] = oh; hkh[0] = 2; nh = 1;\n if (oh + 1 < H) { hih[1] = oh + 1; hkh[1] = 0; nh = 2; }\n }\n #pragma unroll\n for (int rw = 0; rw < 2; ++rw) {\n int wiw[2]; int wkw[2]; int nw = 0;\n if (rw == 0) { wiw[0] = ow; wkw[0] = 1; nw = 1; }\n else {\n wiw[0] = ow; wkw[0] = 2; nw = 1;\n if (ow + 1 < W) { wiw[1] = ow + 1; wkw[1] = 0; nw = 2; }\n }\n\n float vals[16];\n #pragma unroll\n for (int co = 0; co < 16; ++co) vals[co] = b[co];\n\n #pragma unroll\n for (int ci = 0; ci < 3; ++ci) {\n #pragma unroll\n for (int ad = 0; ad < 2; ++ad) {\n if (ad >= nd) continue;\n const int id = did[ad];\n const int kd = dkd[ad];\n #pragma unroll\n for (int ah = 0; ah < 2; ++ah) {\n if (ah >= nh) continue;\n const int ih = hih[ah];\n const int kh = hkh[ah];\n #pragma unroll\n for (int aw = 0; aw < 2; ++aw) {\n if (aw >= nw) continue;\n const int iw = wiw[aw];\n const int kw = wkw[aw];\n const float xv = x[(((((int64_t)n * 3 + ci) * D + id) * H + ih) * W + iw)];\n const int koff = (kd * 3 + kh) * 3 + kw;\n const float* __restrict__ wp = w + ci * (16 * 27) + koff;\n #pragma unroll\n for (int co = 0; co < 16; ++co) {\n vals[co] = fmaf(xv, wp[co * 27], vals[co]);\n }\n }\n }\n }\n }\n #pragma unroll\n for (int co = 0; co < 16; ++co) {\n pooled[co] = fmaxf(pooled[co], vals[co]);\n }\n }\n }\n }\n\n float mx = pooled[0];\n #pragma unroll\n for (int co = 1; co < 16; ++co) mx = fmaxf(mx, pooled[co]);\n\n float exps[16];\n float sum = 0.0f;\n #pragma unroll\n for (int co = 0; co < 16; ++co) {\n float e = expf(pooled[co] - mx);\n exps[co] = e;\n sum += e;\n }\n float inv_sum = 1.0f / sum;\n\n float best = -CUDART_INF_F;\n #pragma unroll\n for (int co = 0; co < 16; ++co) {\n float y = exps[co] * inv_sum - sub[co];\n float sw = y / (1.0f + expf(-y));\n best = fmaxf(best, sw);\n }\n out[idx] = best;\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor fused_forward(torch::Tensor x, torch::Tensor weight, torch::Tensor bias, torch::Tensor sub) {\n const int N = (int)x.size(0);\n const int D = (int)x.size(2);\n const int H = (int)x.size(3);\n const int W = (int)x.size(4);\n auto out = torch::empty({N, D, H, W}, x.options());\n const int threads = 128;\n const int64_t total = (int64_t)N * D * H * W;\n const int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);\n fused_ct_pool_softmax_swish_max_kernel<<<blocks, threads, 0, at::cuda::getCurrentCUDAStream()>>>(\n x.data_ptr<float>(), weight.data_ptr<float>(), bias.data_ptr<float>(), sub.data_ptr<float>(), out.data_ptr<float>(), N, D, H, W);\n C10_CUDA_KERNEL_LAUNCH_CHECK();\n return out;\n}\n'''\n\n_ext = load_inline(\n name='fused_ct3d_pool_softmax_swish_max_ext_v1',\n cpp_sources='',\n cuda_sources=_cuda_src,\n functions=['fused_forward'],\n extra_cflags=['-O3'],\n extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'],\n verbose=False,\n)\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size, stride, padding, output_padding, pool_kernel_size, pool_stride, pool_padding):\n super(ModelNew, self).__init__()\n self.conv_transpose = nn.ConvTranspose3d(in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size, stride=stride, padding=padding, output_padding=output_padding)\n self.max_pool = nn.MaxPool3d(kernel_size=pool_kernel_size, stride=pool_stride, padding=pool_padding)\n self.subtract = nn.Parameter(torch.randn(out_channels))\n\n def forward(self, x):\n return _ext.fused_forward(x, self.conv_transpose.weight, self.conv_transpose.bias, self.subtract)\n"
}
result ← submit_kernel (fail)
failsubmit_kernel
submit_kernel FAILED: kernel did not compile.
Error building extension 'fused_ct3d_pool_softmax_swish_max_ext_v1': [1/3] /opt/conda/bin/x86_64-conda-linux-gnu-c++ -MMD -MF main.o.d -DTORCH_EXTENSION_NAME=fused_ct3d_pool_softmax_swish_max_ext_v1 -DTORCH_API_INCLUDE_EXTENSION_H -isystem /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/torch/include -isystem /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/torch/include/torch/csrc/api/include -isystem /usr/local/cuda/include -isystem /opt/conda/include/python3.10 -fPIC -std=c++17 -O3 -c /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/runs/l123_single_gpt/original/gpt-5.5-priority/level_2_problem_89_cache/k_e9c4287e844e/fused_ct3d_pool_softmax_swish_max_ext_v1/main.cpp -o main.o
FAILED: [code=1] main.o
/opt/conda/bin/x86_64-conda-linux-gnu-c++ -MMD -MF main.o.d -DTORCH_EXTENSION_NAME=fused_ct3d_pool_softmax_swish_max_ext_v1 -DTORCH_API_INCLUDE_EXTENSION_H -isystem /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/torch/include -isystem /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/torch/include/torch/csrc/api/include -isystem /usr/local/cuda/include -isystem /opt/conda/include/python3.10 -fPIC -std=c++17 -O3 -c /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/runs/l123_single_gpt/original/gpt-5.5-priority/level_2_problem_89_cache/k_e9c4287e844e/fused_ct3d_pool_softmax_swish_max_ext_v1/main.cpp -o main.o
/scratch/abaner/KernelBench/runs/l123_single_gpt/original/gpt-5.5-priority/level_2_problem_89_cache/k_e9c4287e844e/fused_ct3d_pool_softmax_swish_max_ext_v1/main.cpp: In function 'void pybind11_init_fused_ct3d_pool_softmax_swish_max_ext_v1(pybind11::module_&)':
/scratch/abaner/KernelBench/runs/l123_single_gpt/original/gpt-5.5-priority/level_2_problem_89_cache/k_e9c4287e844e/fused_ct3d_pool_softmax_swish_max_ext_v1/main.cpp:4:52: error: 'fused_forward' was not declared in this scope
4 | m.def("fused_forward", torch::wrap_pybind_function(fused_forward), "fused_forward");
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~
[2/3] /usr/local/cuda/bin/nvcc -MD -MF cuda.cuda.o.d -ccbin /opt/conda/bin/x86_64-conda-linux-gnu-cc -DTORCH_EXTENSION_NAME=fused_ct3d_pool_softmax_swish_max_ext_v1 -DTORCH_API_INCLUDE_EXTENSION_H -isystem /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/torch/include -isystem /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/torch/include/torch/csrc/api/include -isystem /usr/local/cuda/include -isystem /opt/conda/include/python3.10 -D__CUDA_NO_HALF_OPERATORS__ -D__CUDA_NO_HALF_CONVERSIONS__ -D__CUDA_NO_BFLOAT16_CONVERSIONS__ -D__CUDA_NO_HALF2_OPERATORS__ --expt-relaxed-constexpr -gencode=arch=compute_90,code=compute_90 -gencode=arch=compute_90,code=sm_90 --compiler-options '-fPIC' -O3 -std=c++17 -c /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/runs/l123_single_gpt/original/gpt-5.5-priority/level_2_problem_89_cache/k_e9c4287e844e/fused_ct3d_pool_softmax_swish_max_ext_v1/cuda.cu -o cuda.cuda.o
FAILED: [code=2] cuda.cuda.o
/usr/local/cuda/bin/nvcc -MD -MF cuda.cuda.o.d -ccbin /opt/conda/bin/x86_64-conda-linux-gnu-cc -DTORCH_EXTENSION_NAME=fused_ct3d_pool_softmax_swish_max_ext_v1 -DTORCH_API_INCLUDE_EXTENSION_H -isystem /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/torch/include -isystem /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/torch/include/torch/csrc/api/include -isystem /usr/local/cuda/include -isystem /opt/conda/include/python3.10 -D__CUDA_NO_HALF_OPERATORS__ -D__CUDA_NO_HALF_CONVERSIONS__ -D__CUDA_NO_BFLOAT16_CONVERSIONS__ -D__CUDA_NO_HALF2_OPERATORS__ --expt-relaxed-constexpr -gencode=arch=compute_90,code=compute_90 -gencode=arch=compute_90,code=sm_90 --compiler-options '-fPIC' -O3 -std=c++17 -c /scratch/abaner/KernelBench/runs/l123_single_gpt/original/gpt-5.5-priority/level_2_problem_89_cache/k_e9c4287e844e/fused_ct3d_pool_softmax_swish_max_ext_v1/cuda.cu -o cuda.cuda.o
nvcc warning : incompatible redefinition for option 'compiler-bindir', the last value of this option was used
/scratch/abaner/KernelBench/runs/l123_single_gpt/original/gpt-5.5-priority/level_2_problem_89_cache/k_e9c4287e844e/fused_ct3d_pool_softmax_swish_max_ext_v1/cuda.cu(40): error: identifier "CUDART_INF_F" is undefined
for (int co = 0; co < 16; ++co) pooled[co] = -CUDART_INF_F;
^
/scratch/abaner/KernelBench/runs/l123_single_gpt/original/gpt-5.5-priority/level_2_problem_89_cache/k_e9c4287e844e/fused_ct3d_pool_softmax_swish_max_ext_v1/cuda.cu(122): error: identifier "CUDART_INF_F" is undefined
float best = -CUDART_INF_F;
^
2 errors detected in the compilation of "/scratch/abaner/KernelBench/runs/l123_single_gpt/original/gpt-5.5-priority/level_2_problem_89_cache/k_e9c4287e844e/fused_ct3d_pool_softmax_swish_max_ext_v1/cuda.cu".
ninja: build stopped: subcommand failed.
final submitted kernel (168 lines, 5,751 chars) — full source, untruncated
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline
_cuda_src = r'''
#include <torch/extension.h>
#include <ATen/cuda/CUDAContext.h>
#include <cuda.h>
#include <cuda_runtime.h>
#include <math.h>
#ifndef C10_CUDA_KERNEL_LAUNCH_CHECK
#define C10_CUDA_KERNEL_LAUNCH_CHECK() cudaGetLastError()
#endif
// Fused specialized kernel for:
// ConvTranspose3d(Cin=3,Cout=16,k=3,s=2,p=1,op=1) -> MaxPool3d(k=2,s=2)
// -> softmax over channels -> subtract -> swish -> max over channels.
__global__ __launch_bounds__(128)
void fused_ct_pool_softmax_swish_max_kernel(
const float* __restrict__ x,
const float* __restrict__ w,
const float* __restrict__ b,
const float* __restrict__ sub,
float* __restrict__ out,
int N, int D, int H, int W)
{
const int64_t total = (int64_t)N * D * H * W;
int64_t idx = (int64_t)blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;
if (idx >= total) return;
int ow = (int)(idx % W);
int64_t t = idx / W;
int oh = (int)(t % H);
t /= H;
int od = (int)(t % D);
int n = (int)(t / D);
float pooled[16];
#pragma unroll
for (int co = 0; co < 16; ++co) pooled[co] = -CUDART_INF_F;
// Iterate over the eight ConvTranspose output positions in the 2x2x2 pool window.
#pragma unroll
for (int rd = 0; rd < 2; ++rd) {
int did[2]; int dkd[2]; int nd = 0;
if (rd == 0) { did[0] = od; dkd[0] = 1; nd = 1; }
else {
did[0] = od; dkd[0] = 2; nd = 1;
if (od + 1 < D) { did[1] = od + 1; dkd[1] = 0; nd = 2; }
}
#pragma unroll
for (int rh = 0; rh < 2; ++rh) {
int hih[2]; int hkh[2]; int nh = 0;
if (rh == 0) { hih[0] = oh; hkh[0] = 1; nh = 1; }
else {
hih[0] = oh; hkh[0] = 2; nh = 1;
if (oh + 1 < H) { hih[1] = oh + 1; hkh[1] = 0; nh = 2; }
}
#pragma unroll
for (int rw = 0; rw < 2; ++rw) {
int wiw[2]; int wkw[2]; int nw = 0;
if (rw == 0) { wiw[0] = ow; wkw[0] = 1; nw = 1; }
else {
wiw[0] = ow; wkw[0] = 2; nw = 1;
if (ow + 1 < W) { wiw[1] = ow + 1; wkw[1] = 0; nw = 2; }
}
float vals[16];
#pragma unroll
for (int co = 0; co < 16; ++co) vals[co] = b[co];
#pragma unroll
for (int ci = 0; ci < 3; ++ci) {
#pragma unroll
for (int ad = 0; ad < 2; ++ad) {
if (ad >= nd) continue;
const int id = did[ad];
const int kd = dkd[ad];
#pragma unroll
for (int ah = 0; ah < 2; ++ah) {
if (ah >= nh) continue;
const int ih = hih[ah];
const int kh = hkh[ah];
#pragma unroll
for (int aw = 0; aw < 2; ++aw) {
if (aw >= nw) continue;
const int iw = wiw[aw];
const int kw = wkw[aw];
const float xv = x[(((((int64_t)n * 3 + ci) * D + id) * H + ih) * W + iw)];
const int koff = (kd * 3 + kh) * 3 + kw;
const float* __restrict__ wp = w + ci * (16 * 27) + koff;
#pragma unroll
for (int co = 0; co < 16; ++co) {
vals[co] = fmaf(xv, wp[co * 27], vals[co]);
}
}
}
}
}
#pragma unroll
for (int co = 0; co < 16; ++co) {
pooled[co] = fmaxf(pooled[co], vals[co]);
}
}
}
}
float mx = pooled[0];
#pragma unroll
for (int co = 1; co < 16; ++co) mx = fmaxf(mx, pooled[co]);
float exps[16];
float sum = 0.0f;
#pragma unroll
for (int co = 0; co < 16; ++co) {
float e = expf(pooled[co] - mx);
exps[co] = e;
sum += e;
}
float inv_sum = 1.0f / sum;
float best = -CUDART_INF_F;
#pragma unroll
for (int co = 0; co < 16; ++co) {
float y = exps[co] * inv_sum - sub[co];
float sw = y / (1.0f + expf(-y));
best = fmaxf(best, sw);
}
out[idx] = best;
}
torch::Tensor fused_forward(torch::Tensor x, torch::Tensor weight, torch::Tensor bias, torch::Tensor sub) {
const int N = (int)x.size(0);
const int D = (int)x.size(2);
const int H = (int)x.size(3);
const int W = (int)x.size(4);
auto out = torch::empty({N, D, H, W}, x.options());
const int threads = 128;
const int64_t total = (int64_t)N * D * H * W;
const int blocks = (int)((total + threads - 1) / threads);
fused_ct_pool_softmax_swish_max_kernel<<<blocks, threads, 0, at::cuda::getCurrentCUDAStream()>>>(
x.data_ptr<float>(), weight.data_ptr<float>(), bias.data_ptr<float>(), sub.data_ptr<float>(), out.data_ptr<float>(), N, D, H, W);
C10_CUDA_KERNEL_LAUNCH_CHECK();
return out;
}
'''
_ext = load_inline(
name='fused_ct3d_pool_softmax_swish_max_ext_v1',
cpp_sources='',
cuda_sources=_cuda_src,
functions=['fused_forward'],
extra_cflags=['-O3'],
extra_cuda_cflags=['-O3'],
verbose=False,
)
class ModelNew(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size, stride, padding, output_padding, pool_kernel_size, pool_stride, pool_padding):
super(ModelNew, self).__init__()
self.conv_transpose = nn.ConvTranspose3d(in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size, stride=stride, padding=padding, output_padding=output_padding)
self.max_pool = nn.MaxPool3d(kernel_size=pool_kernel_size, stride=pool_stride, padding=pool_padding)
self.subtract = nn.Parameter(torch.randn(out_channels))
def forward(self, x):
return _ext.fused_forward(x, self.conv_transpose.weight, self.conv_transpose.bias, self.subtract)