gpt-5.5-priority · original · l123_single_gpt
correct 5_ConvTranspose2d_Subtract_Tanh.py
model
gpt-5.5-priority
turns / max
1 / 1
tool calls
1
tokens (total)
0
wall clock
—
truncated
no
backend
cuda fp32
variant
original
runtime
8.52 μs
ref runtime
9.30 μs
speedup
1.09x
started
2026-05-05T00:27:53Z
timingkernelbench.timing
kernel runtime
8.52 μs
ref runtime
9.30 μs
speedup
1.09x
kernel mean / median / std
8.52 / — / 1.03 μs
ref mean / median / std
9.30 / — / 0.20 μs
numerical precisioneval_kernel_against_ref
max abs error
0.00
mean abs error
0.00
max rel error
0.00
mean rel error
0.00
gpu memoryextended_metrics.measure_memory
kernel peak
5169.77 MB
ref peak
5169.77 MB
kernel / ref
1.00x
kernel launches / fusiontorch.profiler
kernel launches
7
ref launches
9
fusion ratio (ref / kernel)
1.29x
total cuda time
24518 μs
energyNVML (pynvml)
kernel mJ / run
1694.74
ref mJ / run
2420.46
ratio (ref / kernel)
1.43x
avg power
199.82 W
ref avg power
260.85 W
SOL (speed-of-light)nsight_hardware_counters
SOL score (0–1)
1.000
dram util %
100.0%
compute util %
45.8%
bottleneck
memory-bound
dominant pipe
tensor-core
arithmetic intensity
—
ridge point
295.22
roofline / occupancynsight_hardware_counters
dram bandwidth
14296.04 GB/s
dram util %
100.0%
fp32 tflops
—
fp32 util %
—
fp16 tflops
—
occupancy %
478.8%
bottleneck
memory-bound
dominant pipe %
45.8%
arithmetic intensity
—
ridge point
295.22
L1 hit %
—
L2 hit %
420.6%
ld sectors / req
19.10
st sectors / req
—
regs / thread
324
smem / block
252288 B
block size
1664
peak bw
3350.00 GB/s
peak fp32 tflops
67.00
peak fp16 tflops
1979.00
warp stalls (top 5)nsight
long_scoreboard
15754.8%
short_scoreboard
850.9%
mio_throttle
320.7%
reference PyTorch source (the prompt the agent sees)
import torch
import torch.nn as nn

class Model(nn.Module):
    """
    Model that performs a transposed convolution, subtracts a bias term, and applies tanh activation.
    """
    def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size, bias_shape, stride=2, padding=1, output_padding=1):
        super(Model, self).__init__()
        self.conv_transpose = nn.ConvTranspose2d(in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size, stride=stride, padding=padding, output_padding=output_padding)
        self.bias = nn.Parameter(torch.randn(bias_shape)) 

    def forward(self, x):
        x = self.conv_transpose(x)
        x = x - self.bias
        x = torch.tanh(x)
        return x

batch_size = 32
in_channels  = 64  
out_channels = 64  
height = width = 256 
kernel_size = 4
bias_shape = (out_channels, 1, 1)

def get_inputs():
    return [torch.rand(batch_size, in_channels, height, width)]

def get_init_inputs():
    return [in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size, bias_shape]
turn 090.5s turn · 90.5s LLM · 0.0s tools · FINAL
reasoning
**Evaluating weight layout** I'm considering the weight layout for the dimensions given: weight[ci, co, ky, kx] with settings [64, 64, 4, 4]. It seems kx is contiguous, but with co having a stride of 16, it could pose a problem. When fixed values for ci, ky, and kx are used with a varying co, it looks like the weights aren't coalesced which is not ideal. Hmm, I'm wondering if reordering could help improve this situation.
call → submit_kernel
callsubmit_kernel { "kernel_code": "import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nfrom torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline\n\n_cpp_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <ATen/ATen.h>\n#include <ATen/ops/conv_transpose2d.h>\n#include <vector>\n\ntorch::Tensor bias_tanh_inplace_cuda(torch::Tensor y, torch::Tensor bias);\n\ntorch::Tensor forward(torch::Tensor x,\n torch::Tensor weight,\n torch::Tensor conv_bias,\n torch::Tensor bias,\n int64_t stride,\n int64_t padding,\n int64_t output_padding) {\n std::vector<int64_t> st{stride, stride};\n std::vector<int64_t> pad{padding, padding};\n std::vector<int64_t> outpad{output_padding, output_padding};\n std::vector<int64_t> dil{1, 1};\n\n auto y = at::conv_transpose2d(x, weight, conv_bias, st, pad, outpad, 1, dil);\n return bias_tanh_inplace_cuda(y, bias);\n}\n'''\n\n_cuda_src = r'''\n#include <torch/extension.h>\n#include <ATen/cuda/CUDAContext.h>\n#include <cuda.h>\n#include <cuda_runtime.h>\n\n#ifndef CHECK_CUDA\n#define CHECK_CUDA(x) TORCH_CHECK(x.is_cuda(), #x \" must be a CUDA tensor\")\n#endif\n#ifndef CHECK_CONTIGUOUS\n#define CHECK_CONTIGUOUS(x) TORCH_CHECK(x.is_contiguous(), #x \" must be contiguous\")\n#endif\n\nstatic constexpr int BLOCK = 256;\nstatic constexpr int ITEMS = 4;\n\n__global__ void bias_tanh_kernel(float* __restrict__ y,\n const float* __restrict__ b,\n long long hw,\n int channels) {\n const int plane = blockIdx.y; // n*C + c\n const int c = plane % channels;\n const float bv = __ldg(b + c);\n const long long base = ((long long)plane) * hw +\n ((long long)blockIdx.x) * (BLOCK * ITEMS) + threadIdx.x;\n\n #pragma unroll\n for (int i = 0; i < ITEMS; ++i) {\n long long off = base + (long long)i * BLOCK;\n if (off < ((long long)plane + 1LL) * hw) {\n float v = y[off] - bv;\n y[off] = tanhf(v);\n }\n }\n}\n\ntorch::Tensor bias_tanh_inplace_cuda(torch::Tensor y, torch::Tensor bias) {\n CHECK_CUDA(y);\n CHECK_CUDA(bias);\n CHECK_CONTIGUOUS(y);\n CHECK_CONTIGUOUS(bias);\n TORCH_CHECK(y.scalar_type() == at::kFloat, \"only float32 is supported\");\n TORCH_CHECK(bias.scalar_type() == at::kFloat, \"only float32 bias is supported\");\n TORCH_CHECK(y.dim() == 4, \"expected NCHW output\");\n\n const int64_t n = y.size(0);\n const int64_t c = y.size(1);\n const int64_t h = y.size(2);\n const int64_t w = y.size(3);\n const long long hw = (long long)h * (long long)w;\n const dim3 block(BLOCK);\n const dim3 grid((unsigned int)((hw + BLOCK * ITEMS - 1) / (BLOCK * ITEMS)),\n (unsigned int)(n * c));\n\n cudaStream_t stream = at::cuda::getCurrentCUDAStream();\n bias_tanh_kernel<<<grid, block, 0, stream>>>(y.data_ptr<float>(), bias.data_ptr<float>(), hw, (int)c);\n return y;\n}\n'''\n\n_ext = load_inline(\n name=\"convtrans_bias_tanh_fused_ext_v1\",\n cpp_sources=[_cpp_src],\n cuda_sources=[_cuda_src],\n functions=[\"forward\"],\n extra_cflags=[\"-O3\"],\n extra_cuda_cflags=[\"-O3\"],\n verbose=False,\n)\n\n\ndef _as_int(v):\n if isinstance(v, tuple) or isinstance(v, list):\n return int(v[0])\n return int(v)\n\n\nclass ModelNew(nn.Module):\n def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size, bias_shape,\n stride=2, padding=1, output_padding=1):\n super(ModelNew, self).__init__()\n self.conv_transpose = nn.ConvTranspose2d(\n in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size,\n stride=stride, padding=padding, output_padding=output_padding\n )\n self.bias = nn.Parameter(torch.randn(bias_shape))\n self._stride_i = _as_int(stride)\n self._padding_i = _as_int(padding)\n self._output_padding_i = _as_int(output_padding)\n\n def forward(self, x):\n return _ext.forward(x, self.conv_transpose.weight, self.conv_transpose.bias,\n self.bias, self._stride_i, self._padding_i,\n self._output_padding_i)\n" }
result ← submit_kernel (ok)
oksubmit_kernel submit_kernel PASSED: (5 / 5) correctness trials all passed. Kernel runtime: 8.52 μs Runtime stats: mean=8.52μs median=?μs std=1.03μs Numerical precision: max_abs_err=0.00e+00 mean_abs_err=0.00e+00 max_rel_err=0.00e+00 Memory: 5169.77 MB peak (ref: 5169.77 MB, ratio: 1.0x) Kernel launches: 7 (ref: 9, fusion ratio: 1.2857) Energy: 1694.74 mJ/run (ref: 2420.46 mJ, ratio: 1.4282x) SOL score: 1.0
final submitted kernel (124 lines, 4,133 chars) — full source, untruncated
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from torch.utils.cpp_extension import load_inline

_cpp_src = r'''
#include <torch/extension.h>
#include <ATen/ATen.h>
#include <ATen/ops/conv_transpose2d.h>
#include <vector>

torch::Tensor bias_tanh_inplace_cuda(torch::Tensor y, torch::Tensor bias);

torch::Tensor forward(torch::Tensor x,
                      torch::Tensor weight,
                      torch::Tensor conv_bias,
                      torch::Tensor bias,
                      int64_t stride,
                      int64_t padding,
                      int64_t output_padding) {
    std::vector<int64_t> st{stride, stride};
    std::vector<int64_t> pad{padding, padding};
    std::vector<int64_t> outpad{output_padding, output_padding};
    std::vector<int64_t> dil{1, 1};

    auto y = at::conv_transpose2d(x, weight, conv_bias, st, pad, outpad, 1, dil);
    return bias_tanh_inplace_cuda(y, bias);
}
'''

_cuda_src = r'''
#include <torch/extension.h>
#include <ATen/cuda/CUDAContext.h>
#include <cuda.h>
#include <cuda_runtime.h>

#ifndef CHECK_CUDA
#define CHECK_CUDA(x) TORCH_CHECK(x.is_cuda(), #x " must be a CUDA tensor")
#endif
#ifndef CHECK_CONTIGUOUS
#define CHECK_CONTIGUOUS(x) TORCH_CHECK(x.is_contiguous(), #x " must be contiguous")
#endif

static constexpr int BLOCK = 256;
static constexpr int ITEMS = 4;

__global__ void bias_tanh_kernel(float* __restrict__ y,
                                 const float* __restrict__ b,
                                 long long hw,
                                 int channels) {
    const int plane = blockIdx.y;              // n*C + c
    const int c = plane % channels;
    const float bv = __ldg(b + c);
    const long long base = ((long long)plane) * hw +
                           ((long long)blockIdx.x) * (BLOCK * ITEMS) + threadIdx.x;

    #pragma unroll
    for (int i = 0; i < ITEMS; ++i) {
        long long off = base + (long long)i * BLOCK;
        if (off < ((long long)plane + 1LL) * hw) {
            float v = y[off] - bv;
            y[off] = tanhf(v);
        }
    }
}

torch::Tensor bias_tanh_inplace_cuda(torch::Tensor y, torch::Tensor bias) {
    CHECK_CUDA(y);
    CHECK_CUDA(bias);
    CHECK_CONTIGUOUS(y);
    CHECK_CONTIGUOUS(bias);
    TORCH_CHECK(y.scalar_type() == at::kFloat, "only float32 is supported");
    TORCH_CHECK(bias.scalar_type() == at::kFloat, "only float32 bias is supported");
    TORCH_CHECK(y.dim() == 4, "expected NCHW output");

    const int64_t n = y.size(0);
    const int64_t c = y.size(1);
    const int64_t h = y.size(2);
    const int64_t w = y.size(3);
    const long long hw = (long long)h * (long long)w;
    const dim3 block(BLOCK);
    const dim3 grid((unsigned int)((hw + BLOCK * ITEMS - 1) / (BLOCK * ITEMS)),
                    (unsigned int)(n * c));

    cudaStream_t stream = at::cuda::getCurrentCUDAStream();
    bias_tanh_kernel<<<grid, block, 0, stream>>>(y.data_ptr<float>(), bias.data_ptr<float>(), hw, (int)c);
    return y;
}
'''

_ext = load_inline(
    name="convtrans_bias_tanh_fused_ext_v1",
    cpp_sources=[_cpp_src],
    cuda_sources=[_cuda_src],
    functions=["forward"],
    extra_cflags=["-O3"],
    extra_cuda_cflags=["-O3"],
    verbose=False,
)


def _as_int(v):
    if isinstance(v, tuple) or isinstance(v, list):
        return int(v[0])
    return int(v)


class ModelNew(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size, bias_shape,
                 stride=2, padding=1, output_padding=1):
        super(ModelNew, self).__init__()
        self.conv_transpose = nn.ConvTranspose2d(
            in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size,
            stride=stride, padding=padding, output_padding=output_padding
        )
        self.bias = nn.Parameter(torch.randn(bias_shape))
        self._stride_i = _as_int(stride)
        self._padding_i = _as_int(padding)
        self._output_padding_i = _as_int(output_padding)

    def forward(self, x):
        return _ext.forward(x, self.conv_transpose.weight, self.conv_transpose.bias,
                            self.bias, self._stride_i, self._padding_i,
                            self._output_padding_i)